
Hook ■"^l^d" 



J 




COLONEL JOHN T. SMITH 



A HISTORY 



OF THE 



Thirty-First Regiment of Indiana 
Volunteer Infantry 



IN THE 



WAR OF THE REBELLION 



BY 

JOHN THOMAS SMITH 

The Third Colonel of Regiment 
WHO WAS WITH THE 'GOMMAND::T:FI«aF,YEA!?S>,MD, Seven MONTHS 



M 



^^^^^S^VS^"!* 



PUBLISHED FOR THE AITHOR BY THE 

WESTERN METHODIST BOOK CONCERN 

220 West Fovrth Street, Cincinnati 

19CX) 



s 



/jn. 






/ 






o 
to 



(7^ 



©etiication 



TO MY COMRADES, LIVING OR DECEASED; 
TO THEIR MOTHERS AND WIVES, WHO 
WILLINGLY MADE SUCH GREAT SACRIFICE 
DURING THE WAR; TO THEIR SONS AND 
DAUGHTERS, WITH RECOLLECTIONS OF 
GRATITUDE TO THE RULER OF NATIONS, 
THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED, -v -v .v .v 
MAY ITS INFLUENCE LEAD TO LOYALTY, 
BOTH TO COUNTRY AND CREATOR! -v -v 



PREFACE. 

THE fair and honorable fame of all those Indiana soldiers, 
or those connected in any way with them in their efforts 
to suppress the rebellion, is a treasure committed to our com- 
mon trust, in which all should feel a deep and abiding interest. 
It was after months of hesitation, and after the duty had been 
laid on us by the survivors of the regiment, that we undertook 
to compile the transactions of the Thirty-first Regiment of Indi- 
ana Volunteers in the War of the Rebellion. Even at the time 
it would have been next to impossible to have written an ac- 
count that would have given equal and exact justice to each 
one concerned, and how much more difficult after the lapse of 
thirty years! The work will be found lacking in many re- 
spects, and incomplete; yet in regard to dates, and the in- 
cidents related, we flatter ourselves that it will be found sub- 
stantially correct. The survivors of the several companies of the 
regiment had appointed company historians and an advisory 
committee, some of whom have been of material service, while 
others, who were doubtless equally willing, have been so far 
away that anything like a personal interview could not be had. 
To George W. Miller, of Company I, and who is Secretary of 
the Veteran Association of Old Soldiers at Terre Haute, I am 
greatly indebted for various favors. To Henry E. Wyeth, of 
Company C, and who was Commissary Sergeant, and who was 
commissioned Second Lieutenant of his company, I am indebted 
for the use of his historical sketch of his company. I am 
also indebted to W. H. Kelson, of Independence, Kansas, late 
of Company B, for the use of Regimental Historical Chart. 
But to Gilbert Liston, of Coffee, Indiana, and who was First 
Sergeant of Company F, I am under the greatest obligations 
for the use of his diary, which he had faithfully kept during 
his three years' term of service, and for his compilation of the 

7 



8 Preface. 

diaiy of Alonzo B. Stark, musician of Company F, who veteran- 
ized and went througli the entire war. To my comrade and life- 
long friend, General Thomas A. MclN'aught, of Spencer, In- 
diana, I am indebted for access to, and the free use of, the 
Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies of the 
War of the Rebellion. And to many others, who were members 
of the regiment, for various favors. We send out the work 
with greetings to the survivors of the regiment and their friends, 
and to all comrades of Indiana regiments, hoping that it will, 
at least in some degree, contribute to the pei-petuation of the 
memoiy of deceased comrades and of the sacrifices and noble 
deeds of all connected with the command. For the various 
omissions and defects of the work we ask considerate indulgence. 

JOHN T. SMITH. 
BowLiXG Greex, 1899. 



A History of the Thirty-First Regiment of 

Indiana Volunteers in the War 

of the Rebellion. 



THE Thirty-first Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry was 
recmited in what was then the Seventh Congressional Dis- 
trict of the State of Indiana. Company A was recruited in the 
northwest part of Parke County and the adjoining territory of 
Fountain. Company B was from Owen County. Company C 
w^as recruited from Terre Haute, the eastern part of Vigo, and 
adjoining territory of Clay. Company D was from Sullivan 
County, and Companies E and K were from Terre Haute and 
Vigo County. Company F was recruited mainly in the vicinity 
of Jasonville, Coffee, and Hymera, in the counties of Greene, 
Clay, and Sullivan. Company G came from Monroe County, 
and Company II from the eastern part of Greene County. Com- 
pany I came from Eockville and the vicinity north of that 
place, in Parke County. The several companies went into camp 
north of the city of Terre Haute, during the month of August, 
1861. The camp was known as Camp Vigo. The regiment 
was composed largely of men from country life, a majority being 
farmers, and most of the rest were known as laboring men. 
They were, generally, men in the prime of life and in good 
financial circumstances. There was a manifest indifference in 
regard to positions or promotion in the regiment, and yet there 
were more promotions in this than any other infantry regiment 
that went into tlie service from this State. The volunteers were 



10 The ThiHy-first Indiana Regiment 

received by the citizens of Terre Haute with great kindness, 
and every possible convenience and favor was granted. The 
regiment was mustered into the service on the 15th day of 
September, 1861, to date from September 5, 1861. On the 
21st of September Companies A, C, E, I, and K left by rail 
for Evansville, Indiana, and on Sunday, the 22d, drew their 
arms and tents. The night following Companies A and K 
ascended Green River, Kentucky, to the first locks, and took 
possession of the little town of Spottsville, then threatened by 
the enemy, being the first Union troops to take possession in 
that part of the country. 

On the 25th of September, 1861, Companies C, E, and I 
went on board the steamer Mattie Cook, and ascended Green 
River to the second locks, eighty miles, and took posssession of 
the town of Romney, remained long enough to bring away a 
cargo of tobacco, found no enemy, and returned to Evansville. 
On the 28th of September was again sent up the river to Spotts- 
ville, remained until October 6th, when Companies B, D, F, G, 
and H left TeiTe Haute, and came to Evansville, and the whole 
regiment moved to Henderson, Kentucky, arriving there on 
the 6th of October, 1861. The regiment remained at Hender- 
son, drilling and protecting recruiting for Kentucky regiments, 
until the 1st of J^ovember, 1861, when it moved to Calhoun, 
Kentucky. We remained here in camp at Calhoun until Jan- 
uary 15, 1862, and here we were thoroughly drilled. While 
here we were assailed with disease. Measles, mumps, malarial 
fever, and rheumatism were, in a manner, epidemic, and many 
fell victims. While here at Calhoun we became a part of Gen- 
eral T. L. Crittenden's division of Buell's Army. The 15th 
of January, 1862, we were ordered to South CarroUton, still 
further up the river. We arrived at South CarroUton just in 
time to be a few hours in advance of a force of the enemy which 
intended to occupy the place. But, on learning that we were 
there, they graciously decided to not come in. We remained 
here two weeks, and made some formidable breastworks, and de- 
stroyed a vast amount of timber, much of which was valuable. 
We returned to Calhoun, and remained there until Februarv 9, 



In the War of the Rebellion. 11 

1862, when we embai-ked on board the steamer Ben J. Adaras^ 
and arrived at Padiicah on the night of Febnrary 10th, and the 
next morning headed towards Fort Henry, up the Tennessee 
Eiver; but returned without disembarking, the fort having been 
taken the day before. We then ascended the Cumberland River, 
and arrived near Fort Donelson on the morning of February 
14, 1862. 

THE BATTLE OF FORT DONELSON. 

We landed, on the 14th day of February, 1862, a few miles 
below the fort, and marched about six miles, halting, just after 
dark, a short distance, nearly south of Dover. The ground 
was thoroughly saturated. We stacked arms, and received orders 
to keep on our accouterments and build no fires. That night 
it rained, sleeted, and snowed, and it was disagreeably cold. The 
next morning, the 15th inst., the entire brigade moved, by the 
flank, towards the east, with a view of extending the line of 
battle, from the right of McClernand's division, around to the 
river above Dover, to make the investment of the town and fort 
complete. The brigade consisted of the Thirty-first Indiana, Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel John Osborn commanding; the Seventeenth Ken- 
tucky, Colonel John 11. McHenry; the Forty-fourth Indiana, 
Colonel Hugh B. Reed; and the Twenty-fifth Kentucky, Colonel 
James M. Shackelford ; and was commanded by Colonel Charles 
Cruft^ of the Thirty-first Indiana, it being the First Brigade, 
Third Division, commanded by General Lew Wallace. The 
Twenty-fifth Kentucky was in the advance, followed by the 
Thirty-first Indiana, the Seventeenth Kentucky, and the Forty- 
fourth Indiana. The two regiments in front had passed the 
extreme right of General McClernand's line; the Thirty-first, 
crossing a narrow valley, where the head of the column had 
gained the top of the ridge, when they discovered heavy lines 
of the enemy immediately in their front, and but a few paces 
distant, extending off to the south and to our right as far as 
could be seen. The fact was, the brigade had been led into a 
pocket, and, if it had been later in the war, but comparatively 
few would have escaped. But then, later in the war we would 



12 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

not have gone in there in the way we did. ISTo blame, however, 
attaches to the brigade Commander, for a guide had been sent 
to him to put the brigade in position. The best thing the 
Twentj-fifth Kentucky could do was to get out of there in a 
hurry, which they did. Colonel Osborn was far enough up the 
hill to see and take in the situation, and would, probably, have 
taken the Thirty-first out in good order, but his horse just then 
became unmanageable, and, the Colonel dismounting, the horse 
got away. The Thirty-first had received orders, previous to this, 
to follow the Twenty-fifth Kentucky, and orders were never 
more promptly obeyed. The rear of the regiment being in the 
valley, it could not see, and had not seen anything yet, and it 
was at a loss to know the cause of this sudden change of direc- 
tion. Company F was the third company from the rear, and was 
on the lowest ground. The Captain, seeing if it remained on 
its feet it would surely be carried away, gave command to lie 
down, which it did, and remained until all the troops had gone 
back over the ridge out of sight. By this time the Confederates 
advanced their line to the top of the ridge in front, and Com- 
pany F realized that it was left. It was not long, however, in 
getting back to the top of a ridge in the rear, deployed as skir- 
mishers, and the firing commenced, and this was the first firing 
done on that part of the line. It was but a few minutes until 
the division was brought up and put in position on this ridge, 
which, General Lew Wallace afterwards said, proved to be the 
key to the situation. The campaign against Fort Donelson, 
the reduction of the fort, the capture of about 14,000 prisoners 
and their munitions of war by troops who, with very few ex- 
ceptions, had never been under fire, and with oflacers who, in 
the main, had had very little, if any, practical experience, all 
go to make a chapter that does not suffer in comparison with 
any other chapter in the world's history. The Thirty-first 
Regiment lost, in this engagement, nine enlisted men killed; 
eight ofiicere and forty-four enlisted men wounded; total loss, 
sixty-one. But if there was a man in the command that passed 
through that battle, and the exposure incident thereto, that 
did not have his health broken and constitution impaired, we 



In the War of the Rehellion. 13 

failed to make his acquaintance. To make the history of events 
more complete we give the report of the Brigade and Regimental 
Commanders : 

EEPORT OF COLONEL CHARLES CRUFT, 

Thirty-first Indiana Infantry, Commandin(4 First Brigade. 

Headquarters First Brigade Third Div., Dept. AVest Tennessee, "I 

Fort Henry, Februarit 18, 1862. ) 

I have the honor to report to you the part taken in the re- 
duction of Fort Donelson and the fortifications near Dover, 
Tennessee, on the 15th inst., by the Eirst Brigade of your di- 
vision. The brigade was composed of the Thirty-first Indiana 
Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Osbom temporarily command- 
ing; Twenty-fifth Kentucky Volunteers, Colonel James M. 
Shackelford; eight companies of the Forty-fourth Indiana Volun- 
teers, Colonel Hugh B. Reed; and the Seventeenth Kentucky 
Volunteers, Colonel John H. McHenry. 

At 8.30 o'clock A. M., General Wallace's order was received 
to put the brigade in rapid motion to the extreme right of our 
line, for the purpose of re-enforcing General McClernard's di- 
vision. It was speedily moved forward in column of companies, 
the Twenty-fifth Kentucky in advance, followed by the Thirty- 
first Indiana, the Seventeenth Kentucky, and the Forty-fourth 
Indiana. An order to halt the column at a point indicated for 
the formation of the regiments in line was not executed by the 
advance, owing to the pressing request of a messenger from one 
of the Illinois regiments, then to the right, to hurry forward 
and engage the enemy. The guide sent with the head of the 
column here shamefully abandoned it, not, however, until he 
had given Colonel Shackelford an improper instruction. .Vfter 
passing Taylor's Battery in the direction of the enemy's in- 
trenchments, and entering the woods just beyond, the head 
of the column became suddenly engaged mth a superior force 
of the enemy in front and to the right. This appeared to be a 
force that was endeavoring to outflank the battery and the line 
of infantry supporting it, and pass into the ra^dne behind. A 
well-directed fire was opened on the Twenty-fifth Kentucky and 



14 The Thirty-first Indiana Begimeni 

Thirty-first Indiana before they could form to resist it. The 
line of battle, however, was formed rapidly and steadily under 
continued volleys of the enemy's musketry. The Seventeenth 
Kentucky and Torty-f ourth Indiana were shortly brought up in 
good order, and entered the action. The enemy's fire upon the 
right continued to be very severe, and this assault was pressed 
up to within twenty feet of our lines. It continued for some 
minutes with much fury, and was replied to with effect by our 
men. I Avas then at the left of the line. At this juncture it 
was reported to me that two ofiicers from other regiments^ then 
on the right, came up, and, without consulting the Colonel of 
the Twenty-fifth Kentucky, ordered his men f oi-ward down the 
enemy's line. They pressed down under a heavy volley, and 
again opened their fire. While thus fighting, officers from the 
other regiments then at the right rode up and ordered the 
Twenty-fifth Kentucky to cease firing, and it accordingly did. 
Almost simultaneously with this, troops from the other brigade 
at the right retreated in confusion, and some of them, passing 
obliquely against my line, broke through it, disconnecting a 
portion of the Twenty-fifth Kentucky with Colonel Shackelford 
and his associate field and staff' officers, and Lieutenant-Colonel 
Osl)orn, of the Thirty-first Indiana, with a few of the privates 
of his command. 

The brigade was now left without support, occupying the 
extreme right of the line of investment, and in advance of it 
half a mile. It was ordered to fall back in line, and occu'py the 
slope of the hill a few hundred feet in rear of the point of at- 
tack. The movement was accomplished in good order. This 
brought the Forty-fourth Indiana in line on the left. A mes- 
sage was now received from one of the Illinois regiments, re- 
questing that the left should not fire. This message was re- 
:garded, and the Forty-fourth Indiana was ordered to reserve 
their fire till ordered. In the meantime, a heavy fire was 
poured into the regiment by the enemy. The line was here 
twice attacked, and the enemy was each time repulsed. From 
this position an effective charge was made, forcing the enemy 
to retire some distance. An attempt was now made to outflank 



In ihc ^V(lr of the Ixehellion. 15. 

my line on the right. It was continually worked to our right, 
however, to resist this. A company of the Thirty-first Indiana 
was detailed as skirmishers on the right, in the bushes beyond. 
The fight was still progressing, but at this time the regiment to 
our left, supporting the battery, gave way (from want of ammu- 
nition, as was said), and a portion rushed into our rear, creating 
some confusion in the Forty-fourth Indiana, carrying with them 
some men of that regiment, and exposing it to the flanking fire 
of the enemy, who appeared, at that point, wAih. considerable 
force of both cavalry and infantry. It was ordered to return the 
fire, and soon repulsed the enemy. The whole brigade was 
now moved in line to the rear, in complete order, and occupied 
a better position on a commanding ridge in front of the enemy. 
An ineffectual advance was again made by the enemy, which 
was repulsed, and the firing ceased, except some skirmishing 
between a small detail of men sent to the front and the enemy's 
sharpshooters. Here the enemy drew off, leaving us in pos- 
session of the ground, and commenced retreating to the right, 
pursuing the woods, at times in sight, to a ridge across a large 
ravine about half a mile to our right and rear of us, and endan- 
gered the hospital buildings in our rear, to which our wounded 
had been conveyed. 

The firing had now ceased on all sides. It being impossible 
to communicate with General Wallace or get dispatches to him, 
and information being casually received that the main line had 
been established further back, it was deemed prudtent to retire 
to it. This was accordingly done, and the brigade was formed 
in column, and marched to the high ground just north of the 
hospital buildings, with a view to protect them, to form part 
of the main line, and to watch the enemy on our right. Upon 
communicating with the General commanding division, the 
position was regarded by him as well taken, and the order given 
to hold it all hazards. Here the men rested on their arms for 
some time, having been hotly engaged with the enemy at inter- 
vals for more than three hours. This concluded our engage- 
ment of the morning. 

The brigade remained in position on the exti-eme right [a. 



16 The Thirty-first Indiana Regime7it 

short distance from Colonel Thayer's Brigade), in view of the 
enemy dnring the siibseqnent action, at the center, holding him 
in check, and protecting the hospital. During the engagement 
at the center a volley was fired on the hospital by the enemy's 
sharpshooters from the hills to the right, and, but for the pres- 
ence of the brigade, it would doubtless have been taken. In 
this position valuable information was obtained as to the enemy's 
movements on the right. From this point dispatches were sent, 
and here, subsequently. General Wallace met me. The ground 
on which the action occurred is a succession of hills and ravines, 
covered with thick undergrowth of oak bushes. The deadened 
leaves of the oak-shrubs were almost identical in color with the 
brown jeans uniforms of the enemy, and rendered it almost 
impossible to distinguish their Kne until a fire revealed its lo- 
cality. This fact, together with the character of the ground, 
gave the enemy a great advantage, and spread a feeling of un- 
certainty among the men as to the location of the attacking 
lines. It is impossible to say with accuracy what force of the 
enemy was encountered. From the best observations that could 
be made it is believed that there were at least five regiments of 
infantry, and one of cavalry, the whole under command of 
Colonel Roger W. Hanson. 

At about 4 P. M. an order was received from General 
Wallace to co-operate with Colonel Smith's Brigade, consist- 
ing of the Eighth Missouri and the Eleventh Indiana, in carrying 
the enemy's works on the right, in the front of Dover, by storm.. 
The officers and men, though much fatigued from the action of 
the morning, and worn from loss of rest and lack of food, 
responded cheerfully to the order, and wheeled into column. The 
enemy was in force on the hill, under cover of the wood on both 
sides of the only road leading up in the direction of the works. 
It was necessary to cross an open space of several hundred feet, 
exposed to the enemy's fire, before the foot of the hill could be 
reached. The Eighth Missouri led the advance up the road. The 
Eleventh Indiana charged up the hill on the left. The Forty- 
fourth Indiana followed up the road. Five companies of the 
Thirty-first Indiana were, ordered up the liill on the extreme 



In the ^YaT of the lieh^Uion. 17 

left, and the remainder of this regiment, with the residue of 
the brigade, were ordered to the right, to outflank the enemy, 
and attack in the rear. The assault was a complete success. All 
the regiments behaved handsomely. The whole of my brigade 
was actually engaged. In a sharp and desperate fight of a few 
minutes' duration the hill was carried by storm, and the enemy, 
with tremendous cheers, driven up to and within his breast- 
works. The flank attack of the portion of my brigade up the 
hill, in line at a right angle to the main advance, was gallantly 
conducted, and contributed, no doubt, largely to the rout of 
the enemy. Colonel Dickey, of the Fourth Illinois Cavalry, 
during the attack, at my request, dismounted four-fifths of his 
troops, armed with Sharp's rifles, and led them up hill in sup- 
port of regiments engaged. His aid, however, was not required. 
This action, a brilliant one in any view, was rendered more so 
from the fact that it was made in the face of a heavy fire of 
grajDe and shrapnel from the battery of the enemy located across 
the ravine to the left of the road, in full command of the hill 
and the approaches to it. After pursuing the enemy to the open 
ground in front of the fortifications, a distance of over half a 
mile, an order was received to fall back to the hill where the 
attack was made, and there camp, hold the position during the 
night, and prepare to storm the works early the next morning. 
The regiments slept on the hillside, and were aroused early the 
following morning (16th), and drawn up in column, ready to 
march to the assault, when intelligence of the surrender of the 
enemy was received. According to orders, I then marched the 
brigade through the enemy's works to Dover, and took possession 
of the town and the large number of prisonei-s and amount of 
army stores which it contained. 

As a whole, the oflicers and men of the various regiments 
of my command behaved well. They received the enemy's fire 
with coolness, and returned it with steadiness and effect. Or- 
ders were executed with commendable promptness and pre- 
cision. In view of such general soldierly bearing it is difficult 
to discriminate individual instances of valor. Many such fell 
under my immediate observation, and others are reported by 



18 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

commanders of regiments. These cases will form the subject of 
a subsequent report at an early day. 

The members of the brigade staff are entitled to commen- 
dation for their conduct during the day. Captain W. H. Fair- 
banks, Acting Assistant Adjutant-General, was constantly in the 
field, at times also acting aide-de-camp. His conduct through- 
out was creditable. 

I am. Captain, very respectfully yours, etc., 

CHARLES CRUFT, 

Captain Fred Knbfler, Colonel Comma mlinrj. 

Assistant Adjritant General, Third Division. 

REPORT OF MAJOR FREDERICK ARN, 
Thirtt-first Indiana Infantrt. 

Headquarters Thirty-first Regiment Indiana Volunteers, } 
Fort Henry, Tenn., February 18, 1S63. \ 

Sir, — In obedience to your order, the regiment left its camp, 
near Fort Donelson, on the morning of the 15th of February, 
1862, with an effective force of 727 men. The order given to 
Lieutenant-Colonel Osborn was to follow the Twenty-fifth Ken- 
tucky Regiment, and form in line on the left, and await further 
orders. Before the regiment could reach the position which it 
was to occupy, it was exposed to a galling fire of musketry and 
artillery from the hill on our left, which was occupied by the 
enemy in strong force. .The regiment was promptly formed in 
line of battle at the foot of the hill, and opened a cool and 
effective fire on the enemy until it was broken by the troops 
which gave way on our right and front, and came rushing 
through our ranks near the center. Our lines were, however, 
promptly re-formed on the hill to the right and rear of our po- 
sition. This movement was made necessary by the movement 
of the enemy, who had outflanked and driven back the Twenty- 
fifth Kentucky, formed in line at the foot of the hill occupied 
by your brigade in its new position. In the change of position 
a few men with Lieutenant-Colonel Osborn became detached 
from the regiment, and were unable to rejoin it during the day. 

From this position a most effective fire was poured into the 



In the War of the Rebellion. 19 

enemy's ranks, whicli was interrupted by Colonel Logan, who 
stated that w^e were firing into his bngade from our right. To 
ascertain the correctness of this statement, you ordered me to 
deploy the First Company, Captain Smith, as skirmishers. He 
soon reported that it was the enemy in force which we had been 
firing upon, and that their line extended a considerable distance 
beyond our right. In accordance with your order, I then moved 
the line further to the right, the movement being executed with 
the greatest coolness and order. From this position the enemy's 
fire was replied to with such precision that they soon gave way. 
You then ordered two companies to be deployed as skirmishers. 
I ordered Companies 1 and C to deploy in front of our line, 
which was promptly executed, and the woods and bushes were 
soon cleared of the enemy. At this time the report reached us 
that the enemy were forming in a hollow leading to the hos- 
pital in our rear. You ordered me to move, \\'ith the brigade, to 
the hill immediately in rear of the hospital. Xo further attack 
being made, the regiment was kept in tliis position until about 
four o'clock P. M. At this time I was ordered to march the regi- 
ment into the ravine below the fort, on the extreme right of our 
lines, and support the Eleventh Indiana and Eighth Missouri 
Regiments, which were ordered, with us, to assault the hills, 
and drive the enemy within their works. I formed the regiment 
on the left of the Seventeenth Kentucky, and charged over the 
hills until we reached a ravine immediately below the enemy's 
batteries, where we were exposed ta a terrible fire of grai>e, 
shrapnel, and shells. To avoid this, I moved the regiment by 
the right flank farther up the ra\dne, when the enemy, having 
retreated within their works, we were ordered back to the po- 
■sition from which we charged. 

I can not speak too highly, Colonel, of the coolness and 
bravery of the men and the gallant behavior of the officers who 
were with the regiment during the day. Where all were so 
prompt in performing their duty as brave soldiers, it would be 
unjust to particularize. Although brought into action for the 
first time, under a terrible fire from the enemy concealed in a 
dense undergrowth of leafy oak-bushes, they never for a moment 



20 The TJiirty-frst Indiana Regiment 

lost coolness and presence of mind. Tliey used their arms witli 
the greatest deliberation, retaining their fire until they could 
procure a deliberate aim. In the afternoon engagement they 
exhibited, if possible, even more daring, not flinching in the 
least from the storm of iron which raked the bushes and plowed 
the ground around them. 

I am. Colonel, your most obedient servant, 

FRED. ARN, 
Colonel Charles Cruft, ^«-?'^'' Thirty-first Indiana Volunteers. 

Commanding First Brigade, Third Division. 

On the 17th, the day after the surrender, the regiment 
marched across to the Tennessee River, and went into camp near 
Tort Henry. By this time we had almost a speechless command. 
Every one had contracted a severe cold, and many were so hoarse 
they could scarcely speak above a whisper. Perry H. Thomp- 
son, Company A, ISTathan Barton and Bartlett B. Bastion, Com- 
pany F, and Philip Bayne, Company I, died here in camp. We 
have no means of telling how many were sent to hospital and 
home that never recovered. We remained here, at Fort Henry, 
until March 7, 1862, when we struck tents, and marched about 
five miles up the river, and embarked on board the Fanny Bul- 
litt, for Pittsburg Landing. We landed on the 16th, and went 
immediately on picket, being the first regiment to go ashore. 
While here, before the battle of Pittsburg Landing, there were 
many changes made in the organization of th§ army. The 
Thirty-first Regiment was put in the Third Brigade of the Fourth 
Division. The division was commanded by Brigadier-Greneral 
Stephen A. Hurlbut, and the day before the battle, Brigadier- 
General Jacob G. Lauman was assigned to the command of the 
brigade. The brigade then consisted of the Thirty-first and 
Forty-fourth Indiana Regiments and the Seventeenth and 
Twenty-fifth Kentucky Regiments. 

BATTLE OF PITTSBURG LANDING OR SHILOH. 

Early on the morning of April 6, 1862, theregiment went 
into the battle of Pittsburg Landing. In this engagement 
the loss — ofiicers killed, two; enlisted nien killed, nineteen; ofii- 





CAPTAIN A. C. FORD. 
Company A. 



CAPTAIN W. H. H. BEADLE. 
Company A. 





CHARLES M. SPENCER. 
Company A. 



CAPTAIN K. 31. AVATKi;:\I AX 

CoXfPAXY A. 



In the War of the Rehellion. 23 

cers wounded, four ; enlisted men wounded, one hundred and ten ; 
captured or missing, three; total loss, one hundred, and thirty- 
eight. The transactions of the regiment in this battle are very 
correctly given in the official reports of Colonel Charles Cruft 
and Lieutenant-Colonel John Osbom. 

REPORT OF COLONEL CHARLES CRUFT, 

' Thirty-fikst Indiana Volunteers. 

Headquarters Thirty-first Indiana Volunteers, 
In the Field, Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., 

April 10, 1863. 

CAPTAiN,-^The following report of the part taken by -the 
Thirty-first Regiment of Indiana Yolunteei-s, in the battle near 
Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee, on the 6th and 7th inst., is re- 
spectfully submitted : 

On Sunday morning, the 6th instant, about 7.30 o'clock, 
rapid volleys of musketry from camps to the front indicated the 
commencement of the battle. Soon an order was received from 
the General commanding brigade to ' form the regiment for 
action. In ten minutes it was in brigade line on the right. 
In a few moments thereafter the brigade was moved in column 
to the front along the Hamburg road. The regiment was formed 
in line of battle in the position indicated by Brigadier-General 
Lauman. At this time the battle was progressing actively upon 
the right and left of the main line. Soon the enemy attacked 
our brigade in great force and with much desperation. My 
line met t^ie attack with perfect coolness, and with a low and 
steady fire. Ofiicers and men behaved handsomely. After the 
expenditure of some thirty rounds the enemy was repulsed. The 
advance was made up to within some ten yards of my line, and 
the slaughter among the enemy in its front was terrible. A 
second attack was shortly made with increased fury. The line 
stood unbroken, however, and after exhausting nearly the last 
cartridge, again repulsed the enemy. Here a slight cessation 
in the attack occurred, barely long enough to procure fresh 
ammunition from the rear. The boxes of the men were scarcely 
filled before the enemy were the third time upon us. The line 
stood fii-m, and again succeeded against superior numbers. There 



2-1 The Thirty 'first Indiana Regiment 

was now a short cessation of firing, during which the cartridge- 
boxes of the men were again filled. A fourth assault was soon 
made, which was gallantly repulsed, and the enemy withdrew, 
leaving my regiment, with the balance of the brigade, in position. 
The enemy retreating, moved off toward the left of the main 
line. 

During the action my regiment fired an average of about 
one hundred rounds per man. The piles of the enemy's dead, 
which were lying along our front when he retreated, attested the 
accura.cy and steadiness of the fire. 

About two o'clock P. M. an order was received to move to 
the left. This was promptly executed. For some minutes the 
brigade was halted near Hamburg road, to protect Willard's 
battery, that was then playing upon the enemy. The various 
regiments were then moved farther to the left, and my regiment 
ordered to the extreme left, and placed in position to await the 
expected' attack. An Illinois regiment subsequently formed to 
our left and rear. The action soon commenced to our right. 
It was apparent, from the reports of skinnishers sent to the front 
and from observations, that the enemy were preparing to flank 
our line to the left in great force. This was shortly accom- 
plished. Regiment after regiment marched up from a large 
ravine to the left, moving in echelon, in compact lines, with 
Confederate flags flying, in perfect order, as if on parade, and 
came steadily down upon our small front. An order was given 
for our left to advance. My regiment did so promptly. It was 
soon evident that the advance could not be sustained, in the 
absence of a reserve, against the overwhelming force of well- 
disciplined troops of the enemy. After my regiment had fired 
some ten roimds, the regiment to the left was forced back. An 
order was now given along the entire line to fall back, and a 
general retreat was made about 3.30 o'clock P. M. to a ridge 
near the river. Here the regiment was again formed in brigade 
line, and marched up to the support of a section of battery of 
large siege guns, and occupied this position during the desperate 
fight which closed the day. After the final repulse of the enemy, 
the regiment was moved forward, with the residue of the brig- 



In the ^Var of the Eehellion. 25 

ade, about tliree-fourths of a mile, and there bivouacked for 
the night, at about 7.30 o'clock. At this time the effects of the 
woimds received during the early part of the day compelled me 
to retire from the field, and it has not since been possible for 
me to rejoin the regiment. The command henceforth devolved' 
on Lieutenant-Colonel Osborn, who had borne himself gallantly 
during the whole day, and who alone of the field officers escaped 
unhanned. 

On the next day (the 7th inst.) the regiment was actively 
engaged with the balance of your brigade on the right of our 
main line. For the particulars of this day's work you are re- 
ferred to the report of Colonel Osborn, hereto appended, marked 
A. The casualties of the previous day had made great inroads 
among the officers and non-commissioned officers of the various 
companies. It affords me pleasure, however, to report to you 
that the regiment fully sustained its former well-earned repu- 
tation, and gallantly bore its part in the sharp engagements 
which were that day fought, and joined in the victorious rout 
and pursuit of the enemy, which resulted therefrom. 

It grieves me to report the loss of two gallant officers. During^ 
the first charge of the enemy, on the morning of the 6th, Major 
Fred Arn fell mortally wounded. He was a true soldier and an 
accomplished gentleman. 'Bo more gallant soul ever "took 
wing" from a battle-field. Captain Geoyge Harvey, one of the 
best officers of the regiment, was killed upon the field while 
bravely leading his company in the afternoon. 

The number of commissioned officers of the regiment 
wounded more or less seriously was large, being more than one- 
third of those in the fight. 

Lieutenant Clifford ^Y. Eoss, regimental Adjutant, was un- 
horsed eariy in the first engagement from the effects of a shell, 
while in the fearless discharge of duty. 

The commandants of companies, Captains Winaus, Mewhin- 
ney, Wall, Fairbanks, J. T. Smith, lEcCalla, Beatty, C. M. 
Smith, and Lieutenant Waterman, each acted nobly. The Lieu- 
tenants and subaltern officers of their companies also conducted 
themselves with courage and propriety. The conduct of Sur- 



26 Tlie Thirty-first Indiana Begiment 

geon James B. Armstrong and his assistant, "W. C. Hendricks, 
merits honorable mention. They accompanied the regiment 
constantly on both days, often in siTch close proximity as to en- 
danger their own lives, ministering to the wounded with a kind- 
ness and assiduity beyond the ordinary calls of professional duty. 
With assurance of regard to G-eneral commanding brigade, 

I am, Captain, yours respectfully, 

CHAELES CEUFT, 

Colonel Thirfi/- first Indtana Volunteers. 

EEPORT OF LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN OSBOEN, 

Thirty-first Indiana Volunteers. 

Headquarters Thirty-first Indiana Volunteers, ") 
Pittsburg Landing, April 8, 1862. j 

Colonel, — I beg leave to report to you the action of our 
regiment during Monday, Yth instant, in the battle at this place, 
while, owing to your wounds, it was under my command. The 
regiment remained at the place where you bivouacked it during 
Sunday night and until about eleven o'clock A. M. on Monday. 
At this time it was ordered out with the brigade to engage in 
the general fight, which had again commenced. We were con- 
diicted over towards the creek, on the extreme right of our lines, 
and some distance along it, over broken ground and through the 
woods, to a point near the right of our front. Here the regi- 
ment Avas placed in position. In a short time the enemy ap- 
peared, and we became hotly engaged. The attack was fiercely 
made, and bravely resisted by our men. After some minutes' 
severe fighting the enemy were forced to give way, and an assault 
being ordered on his lines, the inen sprang forward in eager 
pursuit. They were driven for near a mile, when our line was 
ordered to halt. The enemy soon wholly disappeared from our 
front. Aftex holding the ground for some time, it was ascer- 
tained that the enemy's retreat had become general, and we 
were ordered to return to camp. 

It affords me great pleasure to report to you, Colonel, that 
the officers and men of your regiment acted with their accus- 
tomed gallantry while under my command. Their conduct was 
as brave as on the day previous, when you led them in person. 



In the Wa7' of the Behellion. 27 

Every officer and soldier, without one single exception, acted 
courageously and properly. I am much indebted to the com- 
manders of companies for their noble conduct during the day. 
While we all deplore the casualty which kept you from the field, 
each strove so to act as to insure you a good report of his conduct. 
Hoping that you may soon recover from the wounds you 
received in the battle of Sunday, and be able to join the regiment, 
and congratulating you upon your narrow escapes, 

I am, Colonel, your obedient servant, 

JOHN OSBORN, 

Limfrnanf-Colouel. 

General Hurlbut, in his official report, says: "Brigadier-Gen- 
eral J. G. Lauman, commanding the Third Brigade, took com- 
mand only the day before the battle. The brigade and their 
commander know each other now. I saw him hold the right 
of my line on Sunday with his small body of gallant men, only 
1,Y17 strong, for three hours, and then, when changed over to 
the left, repel the attack of twice his force for a full hour of 
terrible fighting, closing by the most gallant and successful 
charge, which gave Him time to draw off his force in order and 
comparative safety." Brigadier-General Jacob G. Lauman, who 
commanded the brigade, in his report says: "When I come to 
speak of the gallantry and l)ravery of the officers and men of 
my command, I find great difficulty in finding language strong 
enough to express my feelings on the subject, and can only say 
that they fought from morning until night like veterans. Well 
mav Indiana and Kentucky be proud of them. They have added 
anotner bright page to their martial history; and where all be- 
haved so well, I find great difficulty in giving to each one the 
particular notice they so well earned. Colonel Cruft, of the 
Thirty-first Indiana, was severely wounded in the leg and shoul- 
der in the early part of the contest, but refused to leave the field 
until near the close of the engagement, though suffering much 
from pain and loss of blood. Major Am, of the Thirty-first, was 
mortally wounded on Sunday morning — since dead. A braver 
or better officer never gave up his life in his country's cause." 

The battle of Pittsburg Landing, during the first day, was 



28 The Tldrty-first Indiana Regiment 

one of tlie most terribly liard-f ought battles of the war. The 
attack was the most fierce, and the resistance the most stubborn. 
It was a complete illustration of Southern dash and Northern 
pluck and endurance. The Confederate army that bore anns 
numbered forty thousand, commanded by Albert S. Johnson, 
one of their most skillful and distinguished generals. We had 
thirty-three thousand men, including chaplains, surgeons, team- 
sters, etc., who did not bear arms. Then we had one or two 
regiments which had not received their guns. All told, I do not 
suppose we had as many as twenty-five thousand men in line, at 
any time, during the first day. The battle opened with fury 
at 7.30 o'clock A. M. Our army was taken completey by sur- 
prise. Some were in bed yet, some were eating breakfast, and 
a few companies were being inspected; but in less time than one 
can tell it, regiments, brigades, and divisions were formed in 
line; and for neaidy two and a half hours the battle raged before 
the General commanding reached the field. I do not know why 
three staff officers certified that General Grant was on the field 
at 7.30 o'clock, for it is a mistake; for this was the time the 
battle began, and General Grant himself says, in his ''Personal 
Memoirs," that he was at breakfast when he first heard the guns. 
He, being at Savannah, had ten miles to travel. General Lew 
Wallace talked with him at Purdy, four miles below Pittsburg 
Landing, at nine o'clock that morning. I saw the General 
myself riding out from the Landing towards the front, with his 
staff, within a few minutes of ten o'clock A. M. The brigadb 
and division commanders, however, were equal to the occasion, 
aaid with General Lew Wallace's division, which would have 
been on the battle-field several hours earlier than it was if it had 
received no orders at all, would have defeated the Confederates, 
even if General Grant and General Buell had both failed to 
come. 

The battle of Pittsburg Landing was an open-field fight. The 
army had not yet begun to use the shovel and pick, and the 
surface of the country was such that neither army could get 
much advantage of the other. The Thirty-first was rather fortu- 
nate in getting a favorable position. It was halted in an old 



In the War of the Relellion. 29 

road, in which there had been beaten and washed a depression 
nearlv a foot deep. In this depression the regiment lay down, 
and fired and loaded without getting up. The ground "in front 
was literally covered with small undergrowth— a real thicket. 
This was, however, all cut off with bullets almost as clean as if 
a mowing machine had run over it. At no place, on the whole 
line, did Confederate dead lie thicker than here in our front. 
So numerous, in fact, were the rebel dead here, that this place 
received the name and was known as the ^'hornets' nest." 

General Halleck arrived at Pittsburg Landing April 11 
1862, and assumed command. On the 21st, General Pope ar- 
rived with an army thirty thousand strong, fresh from the cap- 
ture of Island timber 10 in the Mississippi River. He went 
into camp at Hamburg, five miles above Pittsburg. Halleck 
had now three armies— the Army of the Ohio, Buell command- 
ing; the Army of the Mississsippi, Pope commanding; and the 
Army of the Tennessee, Grant commanding. The Thirty-first 
Eegiment remained in camp at Pittsburg Landing until the 
%\ day of May, 1862, during which time there was a kind of 
general reorganization of the army, and the Thirty-first was 
transferred to the Army of the Ohio, and became a part of the 
Twenty-second Brigade, Fourth Di^dsion. 

The brigade now consisted of the First, Second, and Twen- 
tieth Kentucky Eegiments and the Thirty-first Indiana. Colonel 
Cruft, not yet well enough for duty, the brigade is commanded 
by Colonel Sedgwick, of the Second Kentucky, General WilHam 
Nelson commanding the di-\asion. 

On May 2d, the regiment, together mth the division, moved 
from the field of Pittsburg Landing, and encamped near the forks 
of the road east of Monterey, and for a few days were kept busy 
cutting roads and corduroying. This, mth the heavy picket 
duty o^ving to the bad weather, was heavy on the troops. 

May 7 th advanced camp three miles, and the next day moved 
to Nichols Ford on Seven-mile Creek, to support, as we under- 
stood, a reconnaissance that was being made by General Pope. 
During the next ten days we marched and countermarched in 
almost every direction. On the 18th we moved forward on the 



30 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

Farmington road, and here we began the use of the spade. 
Pretty heavy intrenchments were thrown up on 'commanding 
ground in front of the camps. We were now having daily skir- 
mishing with the enemy, and occasionally they would throw a 
few shells into our lines. 

On the morning of the 21st the regiment was sent out with 
the brigade to make a forced reconnaissance in front of General 
Wood's Division, on the road to Corinth. We also had with us 
a battery of artillery and a squadron of cavalry. This recon- 
naissance developed quite a hot little engagement, in which eigh- 
teen men, including one Captain of the First Kentucky, were 
wounded. Five companies of the Thirty-first were hotly .en- 
gaged for a while. On this expedition, Captain McCalla com- 
manded the regiment. From the fact that we found thirty-five 
new graves near there, we supposed this was the loss of the 
enemy. May 28th the whole division moved to the front, the 
Twenty-second Brigade being in the advance, and, after some 
heavy skirmishing, we drove the enemy from the bridge over 
Bridge Creek, on the main road from Hamburg to Corinth, 
which position Ave held until the 30th, when we moved into 
Corinth, the enemy having retreated. In all this skirmishing in 
front of Corinth the regiment had but one officer and seven 
enlisted men wounded. 

This forced reconnaissance, on the 21st inst., was really none 
of our fight. General JSTelson was impatient to advance, but was 
not allowed to do so until General Wood, who was on his im- 
mediate right, made an adVance, and Wood declared he could 
not move. General I^elson bet him a barrel of whisky that he 
could clear his front with his "Scrub Brigade." Hence our 
brigade was ordered up. When it arrived at Wood's head- 
quarters, I^elson closed each regiment in mass on the center, 
and moved through the woods, deploying in line of battle, ac- 
complished the work, and next morning j^elson sent the boys 
a drink of whisky. 

After the evacuation of Corinth we moved forward, coming 
up with Pope's troops near Booneville, Miss. On June the 9th 
we passed through the beautiful little town of Jacinto, and 



In the War of the liehellion. 31 

arrived at luka June lltli, went into camp, and slept under our 
blankets for the first time since the 4-th of May. Here we were 
busy for several days, repaiiing the railroad bridge across Bear 
Creek and mending roads. On the 21st of June the regiment 
was detached, and sent to Eastport on the Tennessee River, We 
broke camp here the 23d, and did some unusual hard marching, 
reaching the Charleston Eailroad the 24th, and rejoined the 
brigade the 25th, and arrived at Tuscumbia. The next day 
went to the Tennessee Kiver, where Companies D and F did 
a hard day's work in a drenching rain, unloading and loading 
baggage and train on the ferry-boat. About dusk the same 
evening we reached Florence, Alabama, marching to the tune 
of "Dixie." June the 30th we passed through Rogers^dlle, and 
finally reached Elk River. We found it about seventy-five yards 
wide, and from three to four feet deep. The water was swift, 
clear, and cool. It was rather difiicult for some of the smaller 
men to carry their household and kitclien furniture, their guns, 
accoutrements, and clothing, and keep all out of the water; but 
we all waded, and were nothing the worse, as far as known. 
July 1st we arrived at Athens, Alabama, and went into camp. 
Here, on the 4th, we made a march of three miles, through the 
mo-t intense heat, 1o the Fair Grounds, to celebrate the Fourth 
by a dress parade. jSTot a white person from the town honored 
us with their presence. But quite a number of the colored popu- 
lation came out and cheered the old flag. July the 9th the 
Thirty-fii'st was again detached from the brigade, and marched 
north until we came to Elk River, where the Nashville & Hunts- 
ville Railroad crosses. We reached there on the 10th, having 
w^aded several creeks on the way. Our business here was to 
rebuild the railroad bridge, which had been torn down. We left 
here and marched by the way of Pulaski, and reached Reynolds's 
Station, July 15, 1862. Here was a large pro^dsion depot for 
Buell's army, and it was our business to do rather an unusual 
amount of guard and picket duty. It was here, on the 21st of 
July, 1862, that First Lieutenant William Thompson, of Com- 
pany F, died very suddenly. He was a grand man. Patriotic, 
brave, honest, and true. On the 28th we took the cars for Nash- 



32 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

ville, where we arrived in the evening and went into camp. The 
29th, at eleven o'clock at night, we were called out in great 
haste, and took the train for Gallatin, Tenn., where we arrived 
the morning of the 30th, and went into camp in the Fair 
Grounds. We left here August 1st, and went by rail through 
iSTashville to Murf reesborough, where we remained until August 
8th, when we were again on the road, and, after various hard 
marches and countermarches, we arrived late in the evening 
of August 15th at McMinnville. Here we rejoined our brigade, 
and on the next morning we were ordered to report to General 
]!^elson's headquarters for inspection. Inasmuch as we had been 
almost constantly on the march, or in box-cars, sleeping in the 
woods, the report of the inspector was not very complimentary. 
We remained at McMinnville, at the foot of the Cumberland 
Mountains, until September 3, 1862, when we began that long, 
fatiguing march to Louisville, Kentucky. We passed through 
Woodbury, and about noon on the 5th passed Murf reesboro,' and 
made connection with the main body of Buell's anny. We 
passed through ISTashville September 8th, taking the Gallatin 
pike, and passing through Franklin, Bowling Green, Elizabeth- 
town, and on to the river, arriving there on the 20th of Septem- 
ber, where we came up with the rear of Bragg's army. Our 
army was put in line of battle, and there was heavy skirmishing 
all that day and part of the next. On the afternoon of the 21st 
we were again on the march, Buell having let Bragg get away. 
On the 22d passed through Munfordsville and Westpoint. Here 
we drew full rations, our rations having been rather scant for 
a month. On the 26th we arrived at Louisville, marched down 
through the city, and went into camp on the Ohio Biver, in a 
potato-field. Here we remained the rest of the month, and in 
the meantime were introduced to the Mnetieth Ohio Regiment, 
which became a part of our brigade. A finer-looking regiment 
of men never went into the service. And it was as true as steel, 
and as brave as it was true. The day they came into our brigade 
they were splendidly equipped; had everything allowed by the 
regulations, and more too. The next morning they did not have 
near so much. The fact is, the Thirty-first had made a draw. 



In the ^Viir of the UtheUion. 38 

and it was with great difficulty that you could get the Ninetieth 
to believe that the Thirty-first had not robbed them of their 
household goods and kitchen furniture. 

These two regiments, however, became knitted together in 
friendship akin to that that existed between David and Jona- 
than. It was also while we were here that our division com- 
mander, General William ISTelson, was killed by General Jeff. C. 
Davis. On the morning of September SOtli there was a detail 
of one hundred and forty men of the Thirty-first, to form part 
of the procession that bore his remains to the cemetery at 
Louisville. 

We left Louisville, October 1, 1862, marching out on the 
Mount Washington Pike, and on to Bardstown and Springfield 
to Perryville. On this march from Louisville the troops suffered 
for water. At Perryville, on the 8th of September, did some 
skirmishing; but we were really not in that bloody battle. On 
the 9th we moved in line of battle across farms, and over fences, 
hills, and hollows, and had considerable skirmishing. The 10th 
we passed through Perryville, and took the road towards Dan- 
ville, and had some sharp skirmishing with rebel cavalry. The 
12th, after much raaneu^'ering and marching, we went into Dan- 
ville about midnight, and the regiment was posted through the 
town as pickets. We found the people here the most kind and 
sociable of any we had met. They voluntarily brought us pro- 
visions, and kindly invited us to their houses. We left Danville 
September 14th, and passed through Stanford, Crab Orchard, 
Mount Vernon, Wild Cat, across Rockcastle River. The 18th 
we made a rapid march across to Nelson's Crossroads, where we 
surprised a brigade of rebel cavalry, and, after a sharp skirmish, 
captured a few prisoners and drove the enemy in rapid retreat. 
The 19th was spent in sending out scouting parties, gathering 
up the stragglers in rear of Bragg's army. Company F, in the 
afternoon while out on a scout, gathered up 18 mules, 29 hcad^ 
of beef cattle, and the 30 rebels who were guarding them. The 
, work of the brigade during the day was: Prisoners captured, 
140; beef cattle, 155; and 18 head of mules. This stock was 
part of that which Bragg had gathered up in Iventui'ky for the 
3 



34 The Thirty- first Indiai\a Begiment 

use of his army. On tlie 20tli tlie brigade marclied some fifteen 
miles along a deep creek pass on a reconnaissance, until it came 
to an almost impassable hill, where we found the enemy had 
burned a large portion of their wagon train, and had destroyed 
a large number of small arms. The pursuit was abandoned, and 
after a short rest and a lunch the brigade returned to camp. 
October 22d the brigade marched to Goose Creek salt-works, in 
Clay County, Kentucky, a distance of about thirty miles, through 
a rough, mountainous country. The 23d was spent in destroy- 
ing the works, immediately after which we returned to ^N^elson's 
Crossroads, and on to Ivockcastle River, arriving there on the 
evening of October 25, 1862. The night following we en- 
countered a most terrific snow-storm. We had left our tents 
behind; many of the men had no blankets, some were without 
shoes. All were thinly clad. The snow was wet and heavy; it 
stuck to the limbs of the trees. The bushes and saplings were 
bent, in some places, to the ground and across the road. The 
snow was some six or seven inches deep. It was slavish march- 
ing at best, and for those without shoes it was dreadful. The 
26th, about noon, we reached Mount Yernon. Here some of 
the men bought shoes at the stores. Just after noon we started 
out on the Somerset Road, and went into camp about sundown; 
that is, we marched out into a meadow and stacked arms, the 
snow being almost up to the locks of the guns. I had never 
seen a night coming on that promised so little in the way of 
comfort, and yet we got a good night's rest. The men procured 
boards and scraped away the snow. We went about a third of 
a mile, and carried over a lot of shock fodder. ' Oiders had been 
given to take none but the top rail from the fence, and it was 
astonishing how top rails turned out. There were plenty of rails 
to run all night long. The regiment was doubled, so one-half 
of it would be on one side of the fire, and the other half on the 
other side. Each company kept a man up all the while to keep 
the fire going, and to see that no sparks got into the fodder. The 
next day we continued the march, and passed through Somerset 
and took the road toward Columbia, and on the 29th rejoined 
the other two brigades of our division. On the 31st, Captain 





CAPTAIN R. H. WATERMAN. 
Company A. 



LORENZO D. GARD. 
Company B. 



^ 






i 


^^^mM^l^^^^M 






h_ 








JAMES K. WELLS. 
• Company B. 



HIRAM GILBERT. 
Company (". 



In the War of the Rehellion. 37 

Watterman^ of Company A, and quite a number of the regi- 
ment who had been left behind sick, rejoined us. October 2d 
we resumed the march, passing through Columbia, and arriving 
at Moscow late in the evening of November 4, 1862. Here 
we went into camp near the town, and put up our tents, for 
the first time since we took them down at McMinnville, on the 
3d day of September, 1862, making two months that we had 
taken the weather, day and night, just as it came, \vithout shel- 
ter or protection. November the 5th the regiment was called 
into dress parade,- the first for two months or more. On the 
morning of i\e 7th we again broke camp, and were on the march. 
Ariived at Scottville November 8th, going into camp, and re- 
maining two days. On the 10th we passed through Gallatin, 
in the State of Tennessee, and, taking the Lebanon road, we 
reached the Cumberland River, and went into camp after dark. 
The next day we crossed the river, and marched to Silver 
Springs, in Wilson County, Tennessee. We remained here in 
camp until the 19th, when we resumed the march, passing by 
the Hermitage, and refreshed our memory of the hero of New 
Orleans, marched on across Stone River, and finally pitched tents 
on the Murfreesborough pike, near Nashville, Tennessee. We 
remained liere until Dec:mber 26, 1862, being occupied in camp, 
guard, and picket duty. 

BATTLE or STONE RIVER. 

EEPORT OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL CHARLES CRUFT, 

Commanding First Brigade, inclitding Skirmish at Lavergne, 
December 26, 1862. 

Headquarters First Brigade, Second Division, Left "Wing^ 
In the Field, before Murfreesborough, Tenn., 

January S, 186S. 

Captain, — I herewith submit, for the consideration of the 
General commanding the division, the follomng report of the 
operations of this brigade in the recent action before Murfrees- 
boro, Tennessee. 

The brigade broke camp, near Nashville, on the morning of 
the 26th ultimo. The effective infantry strength of the com- 
mand on leaving camp was 1,207. It consisted of the Firat 



38 The Thirty-first Indicma Megirnent 

Kentucky Yolunteers, Colonel D. A. Enyart; Second Kentucky 
Volunteers, Colonel T. D. Sedgwick; Thirty-first Indiana 
Yolunteers, Colonel John Osborn; and the Mnetieth Ohio 
Volunteers, Colonel T. X. Ross. Captain Standart's Ohio Bat- 
tery, Company B, First Eegiment, was attached to the com- 
mand for temporary service. 

After passing the picket lines near ISTashville, this brigade 
had the advance, preceded by a portion of Colonel Kennett's 
cavalry command. After various trifling skirmishes and some 
artillery firing, the enemy's skirmishers were forced into the 
village of Lavergne. Here quite a force of cavalry, artillery, 
and infantry (or dismounted cavalry) of the enemy disputed 
the occupancy of the place. General Palmer ordered me to 
drive the enemy from the woods on the left, and take possession 
of the village from that cpiarter, if daylight would permit. The 
Thirty-first Indiana and the First Kentucky Volunteers were 
placed under command of Colonel Enyart, and sent by me to 
accomplish this. Colonel Murray, of the Third Kentucky Cav- 
alry, having been ordered to report to me for temporary duty, 
was placed upon the left flank of these regiments, and, with 
his command, acted very handsomely in protecting it and se- 
curing the woods beyond. The regiments above named ad- 
vanced, towards nightfall, under cover of the cedars on the 
left, and finding the enemy in force, near the frame church on 
the west of Stoney Creek, attacked him, and, after a sharp dis- 
charge of musketry, ran in on a bayonet charge, and routed 
him, forcing him across the creek, and occupying the west bank. 
Our line of skirmishers was then placed in the field beyond 
the creek and along the outskirts of the village. The conduct 
of both regiments and all the officers in this skirmish was ex- 
cellent. The casualties of my command were eight wounded. 

The Thirty-first Indiana was withdrawn to the rear to en- 
camp, and Colonel Enyart, with his regiment (First Kentucky), 
and a section of artillery, under Lieutenant jSTewell, were left 
to occupy the position until morning. On the 2Tth ultimo the 
brigade reached Stewart's Creek, and went into camp at night. 

On the 28th (Sunday) the command lay at Stewart's Creek, 



In the War of the Rebellion. 39 

one-half the brigade on picket duty. On the 20th the biigade 
advanced from Stewart's Creek, in line of battle across the 
field, and at night took position in the front, on the ISTashville 
Turnpike, in the cedars, near Cowan's burnt house, about three 
and a half miles west of Murfreesborough. An effective line 
of skirmishers was thrown forward, and the open ground to 
our front firmly held. On the 30th the brigade rested in po- 
sition, holding the front of woods where it was bivouacked, and 
the line of pickets to the front during the fierce engagement 
which occurred on the right of our line. During the night the 
Second Kentucky (Colonel Sedgwick) was on picket duty. This 
regiment succeeded in driving the enemy's pickets from the 
crest in the field near the burnt house. His temporary shelters, 
along the row of peach-trees on the lane, some sixty yards east 
of the burnt house, were occupied by my troops after a sharp 
night skirmish, and held by them, against two charges of cav- 
alry, until daylight the following morning. No pains were 
spared to explain my position during the night. Support was 
promised on my left, but did not come. If re-enforced on the 
flank, this position could probably have been held. One-half 
the effective force of my brigade was kept out all night, on 
picket, trying to hold this advanced line. The attempt was 
partially successful. It was suspected that the enemy had rifle- 
pits and a large force beyond the crest; but the best recon- 
naissance I could make, by night, could not furnish tlie facts. 
Subsequent knowledge evinced the correctness of the suppo- 
sition, and also demonstrated the fact that 5,000 troops could 
not have taken and held the crest which my brigade of 1,200 
attempted to reach and hold. 

On the 31st ultimo an order was received from the General 
commanding division, about 8 A. ]\[., to advance in line, mth 
the brigade supporting me on the right and left. The brigade 
was promptly put in motion, formed in two lines, as follows: 
The Second Kentucky and Thirty-first Indiana Volunteers (un- 
der general charge of Colonel Sedgwick as ranking officer) con- 
stituting the front line, and First Kentucky and Xintieth Ohio 
(under general charge of Colonel Enyart as ranking officer) 



40 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

fonnirg the second line; Captain Standart's artillery was forined 
in half-battery on each flank of the front line. The brigade, 
by this formation, exhibited a front of, say, 000 men more or less 
than a full regiment. Colonel Hazen's Brigade was in position 
on my left and rear, and brigades of General ITegley's Division 
on the right. Upon giving orders to advance, my skirmishers 
ran rapidly forward from the wood, and engaged tliose of the 
enemy in the open field. They drove them, and my front line 
advanced promptly up to the rail fence in the margin of the 
woods. The enemy pushed toward us rapidly, and charged my 
line in great force and in solid rank. The fight became very 
severe and obstinate about 9 o'clock A. M. My troops fought 
with heroism. Every ofiicer and soldier acted well, and seemed 
to me to accomplish more than could be expected of him. For 
sturdy endurance, stalwart bravery, and manly courage, it does 
not seem to me that the conduct of these two regiments here 
could be surpassed. The enemy were driven back, although 
superior in numbers. His charge was made in two lines, with 
the appearance of a four-rank formation, and in most admirable 
order and discipline. 

After the first repulse, and before my line could be ad- 
vanced, the enemy made a. second charge (reserving fire until 
a close approach was had), which was more furious than be- 
fore. The Second Kentucky and Thirty-first Indiana nobly 
held their ground, and, after some thirty minutes' well-directed 
fire, drove him back again for a short distance. A respite of 
a few minutes in active firing enabled me to execute a passage 
of lines to the front, to relieve the first line, the ammunition 
of which was nearly exhausted. This maneuver was well ex- 
ecuted, considering that it was done under a brisk fire of the 
enemy's skirmishers, the crossfire of flanking parties that had 
already passed to the right and left of the line, and in face of 
two of the enemy' batteries. 

The rear line, now front, was soon actively engaged. I at- 
tempted with"'it to assail the enemy, and ordered an advance. 
The flrst Kentucky, Colonel Enyart, on the right of the line, 
made a gallant charge, and drove the enemy before it, rush- 



Tn th<' ]V<ir of the Relxlln,,,. 41 

ing forward to the crest of the hill, clear beyond and to the 
right of the burnt house. The fire was so severe from the 
enemy's force at the burnt house, on the left, that the order 
to move up the Ninetieth Ohio was countermanded; not, how- 
' ever, until many of the officers and men of this gallant regi- 
ment had pressed forward over the fence in line with the old 
First Kentucky. 

l^he sad list of the killed and wounded of the Ninetieth 
and First Regiments speaks loudly of the courage and man- 
hood they evinced in this charge. Standart, with his gallant 
gunners, was throwing in grape and canister from the flanks 
as my men ran forward to the charge, and thinning the encm/s 
ranks. He was too strong for us, however, and soon my gal- 
lant advance was beaten back to the point of woods. This point 
was still held. The brigade on the left was never pressed up 
to my front, and left me exposed from this quarter. General 
Negley's Brigade, on the right, first advanced with my men; 
but, yielding to the impulsive charge of the enemy, broke up, 
and a portion of it di-ifted, in disorder, immediately to my rear, 
and left me exposed to the crossfire of the enemy from the 
woods on the right. We were now completely flanked. Our 
own troops impeded my retreat. Cannon, caissons, artilleiy 
wagons, and bodies of men in wild retreat, filled the road and 
woods to my rear, precluding everything like proper and or- 
derly retreat. Captain Standart's artillery ammunition was fail- 
ing rapidly. He was shifting front constantly to keep off the 
enemy. The cartridges of my men were becoming short. Mes- 
sages were sent to the rear for re-enforcements and for the re- 
serve brigade of the division. The enemy's fire was upon three 
sides of my position, and apparently exactly to the rear, in the 
woods. It was impossible to get ammunition up, to communicate 
with the General commanding the division, or to obtain re- 
enforcements. 

In this condition the ground was still held for some forty 
minutes longer than seemed right or proper. ]\[y command 
had some cover in the edge of the woods from the enemy's bul- 
lets, and still kept up a tire sutficiently strong to keep them from 



42 The Thirty-Jirst Indiana JRegiment 

rushing into the woods. Seeing my little brigade failing rapidly^ 
and many of its best men carried wounded to the rear, without 
hope of support or further ability to hold on, I mthdrew it in 
as good order as practicable. The enemy pressed closely, firing 
constantly into the retreating mass. We faced to rear, and 
i,'overed the retreat of General Negley's men as well as could 
be done. The Second Kentucky Regiment brought off three 
pieces and the Ninetieth Ohio Volunteers one piece of aban- 
doned artillery, by hand, which the enemy were rushing upon 
and about to capture. 

Standart's Battery was saved, with a loss of three men and 
seven horses. It had but sixteen rounds of ammunition when 
the order to retire was given. Upon falling back to the edge 
of the woods on the west side, I met Major-General Thomas, and 
reported to him, and, with his consent, continued to fall back 
across the open ground to the turnpike with my shattered forces,. 
now numbering about 500. After forming in line along the 
turnpike (about twelve miles), the brigade was ordered, by a 
member of General Rosecrans's staff, to the left, to support a 
battery on the railroad. It took this position, and held it dur- 
ing the remainder of the day and the night following. 

On the 1st instant the brigade was placed in line on the right 
of the division, in the rear of the interval between the First 
and Third Divisions. After remaining thus until noon, it was 
advanced to the front to support Swallow's (Indiana) Battery, 
posted on a commanding elevation to the left of the railway^ 
and near the ford across Stone River. During the day it was 
exposed to occasional shelling from the enemy's batteries. On 
the 2d instant rude breastworks were constructed back of the 
batteries, and the brigade held the same position behind them. 
It lay here during the severe fight across the creek, on our left,, 
supporting the batteries, and exposed to a heavy crossfire from 
the enemy's guns. A higher scene of cool, moral courage, per- 
haps, has not been evinced, during the war, than that exhibited 
by my brigade on this memorable day. The line lay still and 
quiet behind the frail works we had been able to construct^ 
with the shot and shell of the enemy coming from three di- 
rection.?, and bursting above, in front of it, and all around it,. 



In the War of the Rebellion. 48 

■vA'hiJe oiu' own massed batteries were belching out their con- 
tents in front of and over it. The roar of artillery was terrific. 
The smoke from our own pieces, and the bursting of shell of the 
enemy, at times obscured the line from our view. By some 
wonderful Providence but three men of the brigade were killed 
htre by the enemy's shells. 

About dark, when the enemy were driven upon our left, 
the brigade was advanced by General Palmer, he gallantly lead- 
ing two regiments, the Thirty-first Indiana and the Ninetieth 
Ohio, to the point of woods a half a mile to the front and left 
of our artillery position, and in line with our advance on the 
left, across the creek. I followed rapidly with the residue of 
the brigade across the open field to the General's right, and on 
line with him. Knowing nearly the position of a masked bat- 
tery of the enemy, hid by a crest in the iield, I ordered the men 
to cheer loudly as we approached the latter. It had now be- 
come dark. As the noise of the last cheer died away, the enemy 
opened a fire of shrapnel from four small guns. The line im- 
mediately lay down under shelter of the crest, and for some 
thirty minutes the enemy continued to play at us. His shot 
passed just over our heads, and struck the ground not to ex- 
ceed one hundred feet to the rear of our line. . . . With 
assurance of esteem to the Brigadier-General commanding the 
division, I am. Captain, very truly yours, etc., 

CHARLES CRUFT, 
Captain Norton Brigadier-General, Commanding First Brigade. 

Acting Ass't Adjt., Second Div., Left }Ving, Fortieth Army Corpa. 

The casualties of the regiment in this engagement were five 
enlif-tcd men killed; one ofiicer and forty-four enlisted men 
wounded: three officers and thirty-four enlisted men missing; 
total, loss, eighty -seven. 

REPORT OF COLONEL JOHN OSBORN, 

Thirtv-first Indiana Infantry, including Skirmish at LaVergne, December 2(iTH. 

Headquarters Thirty-first Regiment, Indiana Volunteers, ) 
Camp near Murfreesborough, Tenn., January 7, 186S. ^ 

Captain, — I have the honor of submitting to you the fol- 
lowing report of the part taken by this regiment in the late 
action with the rebel army before Murfreesborough, commencing 



44 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

December 16, 1862, at the to^vn of Lavergne, and ending before 
Miirfreesboroiigh, January 3, 1863: 

Or t]je morning of December 26tli, wben tbe United States 
forces were put in motion, our regiment was on picket duty 
some six miles southeast of ISTasliville. Before the pickets could 
be called in, and the regiment in line of march, the brigade to 
which they belonged was some four miles in advance. The 
regiment had a very fatiguing march through mud and rain. 
In passing the forces, we had to take the fields; that made the 
mar-jhing more arduous. At 3 P. M. we joined the brigade 
one mile west of La Yergne. "We were at once ordered to the 
advance, the First Kentucky on the right, and our regiment on 
the left, the Second Kentucky Eegiment and the Mnetieth Ohio 
Kcgiment our support. We were ordered across a field to a 
woods to the left of the Murfreesborough road. Shortly after 
we had taken our position, the enemy commenced throwing 
shell into the woods. We immediately sent out two companies 
(E and K), and depl ycd them as skirmishers in advance of our 
line, and moved on the enemy in line. After advancing about 
one mile, we came in reach of the enemy's guns. They opened 
a heavy fire from their rifles and two pieces of artillery, which 
overreached our line. Our men rushed forward with a shout, 
which caused the enemy to leave in great confusion. We then 
moved a short distance to the right, and bivouacked for the 
night. Both officers and men conducted themselves with cool- 
ness and ]>ravery, without receiving any injury whatever. 

The next day we moved forward in line of battle, which 
was continued; from clay to day, until the evening of December 
29th. We arrived, at nightfall, within a few miles of Murfrees- 
borough, our brigade filing to the right of Murfreesborough 
pike, about one-quarter of a mile, when we bivouacked for the 
night, l^othing occurred during the night, except heav}^ skir- 
mishing in our front. 

I'^arly on the morning of December 30, 1862, we were or- 
dered forward to the front of the grove in which we were 
bivouacked, which order was promptly executed, our regiment 
on the right, and the Second Kentucky on our left, the Nine- 



In the War of the Rebellion. 45 

tieth Ohio supporting the Second Kentucky, and the First Ken- 
tucky su]iporting our regiment. Upon arriving at this position, 
I was ordered by you to report to Colonel Sedgwick, of the 
Second Kentucky, who, you informed me, would command 
the front line. I was ordered to deploy two companies in front 
of our line as skirmishers, connecting with a like corps from 
General Xegley's Division on the right, and the Second Ken- 
tucky on tlie left, which was immediately done by sending out 
Companies C and E. Before our lines were established, the 
enemy opened on us a brisk fire of shell and ball, which con- 
tinued all day, the balls of the enemies sharpshooters reaching 
our lines. About four o'clock in the evening we were ordered 
to advance our line to support a battery, which was done, and 
we remained in that position during the night. Companies A, 
B, I, D, and K, relieving, alternately, C and E as skirmishers. 
Early on the morning of the 31st we were again ordered to 
move our lines to support a battery, which was done. Shortly 
after our skirmishers were driven in by the enemy, our men 
reserving tlieir fire imtil all their comrades had joined the line. 
At this time a heavy force of the enemy appeared in our front, 
in an open field, on a piece of rising ground, where they opened 
a severe fire upon our line, which was returned with steady 
nerve by our men, which soon made them fall back. In a few 
■moments they again returned to the crest of the field, and at- 
tempted to charge cur line, but the steady nerve of our boys 
and their deadly aim caused them again to retire. Our men, 
getting short of ammunition, the First Kentucky Regiment 
came to our aid, and. passing our line, followed the enemy up 
into the field; but the heavy force of the enemy in front, and 
the regiment being exposed to a crossfire from the enemy's bat- 
teries, they were compelled to "fall back with considerable loss. 
Our regiment remained in its former position, and held their 
fire until their Kentucky friends had passed to the rear. They 
again, with the coolness of veterans, poured another volley into 
the lines of the enemy, thinning their ranks, and making them, 
the third time, fall back to their former hiding-place. In a 
short time the eneiny changed their point of attack, and ap- 



46 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

peared. in gTeat force, on the left of our brigade, and on tlie 
right, between our regiment and General ITegley's forces. Both 
our right and left falling back, I was forced to order the regi- 
ment to fall back, the men obeying the order reluctantly, and 
our left, being so far turned before orders to fall back were re- 
ceived, caused our lis! of missing to be so large. We were also 
exposed to a crossfire of the enemy's artillery. 

Our regiment occupied the front line from the morning 
of the oOth until 11 K. M. on the 3'lst, with the exception of 
a few moments, when the First Kentucky occupied the front. 
The brigade, falling back through a dense growth of cedar, be- 
came scattered somewhat, but were formed again in line ready 
for any einergency. 

Next morning, ffanuary 1st, the regiment, with the brigade, 
took a position farther to the left, as a reserve. January 2d 
the regiment again took a front position, sending out Company 
F as skirmishers, and, during this day, they lay in rifle-pits, 
exposed to a terrific fire from the enemy's artillery. Late in the 
eveniuL!; Lieutenant-Colonel Smith and Captain J. T. Smith, 
Acting Maicr, with General Palmer, led them in a splendid 
charge on the enemy, cleaning out a piece of woods occupied 
by them in force, both officers and men acting heroically, to 
the entire satisfaction of the brave General. 

I can not close this report without calling your attention to 
the gallant conduct of the officers under my command during 
the action. Lieutenant- Colonel Smith was always on the alert, 
cheering the men, passing along the line of skirmishers and the 
regiment; wheiever duty called him, there he was, during the 
whole engagement. Captain Smith, Acting Major, was always 
at his post, cahn and collected, cheering the men, and directing 
them where to strike the hardest blow. Captain Hollowell, 
Acting Adjutant, was always on duty, visiting the outposts, 
and cheering the men, and where the balls flew thickest, he 
appeared the oftenest. Captain Waterman, of Company A — 
I can not speak too highly of his bravery. When one of his 
men fell, he picked up his gun, and nobly kept it still in use. 
Captains l^eff, of Company D, and Grimes, of Company G, 
were always at their posts, discharging their whole duty. Lieu- 



In tJi£ War of the Rebellion. 47 

tenants Picken:^, of Company B, Ray, of Company C, Scott, of 
Company E, Lease, of Company F, Brown, of Company H, 
Pike, of Company I, and Hager, of Company K, were in com- 
mand o^ their respective companies during the whole action, 
and condncled tlicmselves like old veterans, cheering their men, 
and directing tlieri to fire with deliberation. 

Lientenant Ford, of Comapny A, after the regiment fell 
back, on the morning of the 31st, after Captain Waterman 
was missing, took command of his company, and nobly imi- 
tated the gallant conduct of his veteran Captain. Lieutenants 
Clark, of Company D, Hatfield, of Company H, Brown, of 
Company F, Fielding, of Company E, Roady an 1 McPlietridge, 
of Company G, and Haviland, of Company B, were at their 
places throughout the whole action, vying with each other in 
noble deeds of valor. 

Assistant Surgeon Morgan was ever attentive to his pro- 
fession, close in the rear of the regiment. Close thereby he 
established his hospital, and refused to leave the wounded sol- 
diers, but nobly remained with them, suffering himself to be 
taken prisoner rather than leave them to suffer. The same is 
also true in regard to Dr. McKinney, Hospital Steward, who 
was also taken prisoner. 

I can not speak in too high terms of the conduct of Sergeant- 
Major ISToble, who gallantly buckled on the cartridge-box, and 
took a rifle, and was in the front rank of the line, dealing out 
lead pills for the secesh. Sergeant Douglass, of Company K, 
who was discharging the duties of a Lieutenant, was active in 
leading his brave men to the post of honor. xVnd, indeed, it 
is not necessary for me to speak of individuals; every com- 
missioned officer and non-commissioned officer and private of 
my command did his whole duty, without an exception, as did 
all the officers that came under my notice of the entire brigade. 
Brigadier-General Cruft was at his post, ever watchful of his 
command, fearing no danger where duty called him; frequently 
riding along the line, waving his liat and cheering his command 
in the hottest of the contest. Of the few killed on the field, 
three were of the color-guard. JOHN OSBORN, 

Colonel Cominanding Tlurti/- first Regimetit, ItnUana Volunteers. 



48 ' The Thirty-first Indiana Hegimmt 

General John M. Palmer, in his report of the battle of 
Stone River, speaking of the action on December 31st, says: 
"I only saw the regiments of Cruft's Brigade fighting early in 
the clay. I had no fears for them where valor could win." In 
relation to the afternoon of Friday, January 2d, he says: "The 
First Brigade (Cruft's) was posted to support a battery on the 
hill near the ford. During the heavy cannonading the brigade 
maintained its position with perfect coolness. While the en- 
gagement was going on across the river, a rebel force of what 
seemed to be three small regiments entered the clump of woods 
in front of the position of our batteries on the hill near the ford. 
I ordered up two of Cruft's regiments, and upon approaching 
the woods halted them — told them it was my purpose to clear 
the woods at the point of the bayonet. To get the proper direc- 
tion guides were thrown out, the proper changes made, bayonets 
were fixed, and these two regiments, the Thirty-first Indiana and 
the Ninetieth Ohio, ordered to clear the woods. 

"They went in splendidly. It was done so quickly that the 
rebels had hardly time to discharge their pieces. They fled with 
the utmost speed. These regiments behaved handsomely." 

In this charge I only know of one man being killed — Ser- 
geant Henry D. Lehman, of Company F, a splendid soldier 
and a good man every way. We held this ground until towards 
midnight, and returned to our position near the batteries on the 
hill, where we remained until the retreat of the enemy. 

After the Thirty-first and Second Kentucky had taken po- 
sition, on the morning of the 31st, in, front of the cedar woods, 
and near the "natural well," and after the skirmishers had been 
sent out, it was suggested by the Acting Major the building of 
a stone fence or wall for breastworks. The men laid do^vn their 
guns and went to work, and in a few minutes you would have 
thought that every man was a natural-born stonecutter, and that 
each one was a master-builder. A rail fence in our front was 
thrown down, and by the time our skirmishers were driven in, 
our position was next to impregnable. We were here attacked 
by the brigade of rebel General J. R. Chalmers, consisting of 
the Seventh, ISTinth, Tenth, and Forty-first Mississippi Regiments 



In, the War of the RehelUon. 49 

and Blythe's Mississippi Regiment, together with the Xinth 
Mississippi Battalion of sharpshooters. The first charge made, 
Chalmers was carried off the field so severely wounded he did 
no further duty. The charge was repulsed with fearful slaugh- 
ter. It made a second charge, and the result was that the Ijirigade 
was so completely wiped out that the organization was destroyed. 
Chalmers's brigade was supported by the brigade of General 
D. S. Donelson, consisting of the Eighth, Sixteenth, Thirty- 
eighth, Fifty-first, and Eighty-fourth Tennessee Regiments. 
After Chalmers's total defeat — almost destruction — Donelson's 
Brigade came up with deliberate, steady step ; but General Polk, 
in his report, says the slaughter was terrific. The Eighth Ten- 
nessee lost 306 out of 425, the colonel of the regiment being 
killed. The Sixteenth Tennessee lost 207 out of 402. Polk 
says: "All the line in their front was carried, except the extreme 
right of Palmer's Division. This point, which was the key to 
the enemy's position, and which was known as the 'Round 
Forest,' was attacked by the right of the (Donelson) brigade. 
It was met by a fire of musketry and artillery which mowed 
down half its number." 

In consequence of the terrible slaughter of Chalmers's Bri- 
gade, which were all Mississippians, that part of the battle-field 
is known as "Mississippi Half Acre." When we went into po- 
sition here in the morning, we connected with Xegley's com- 
mand on our right, and with Ilazen's Brigade on our left. There 
had been, however, quite a gap between Cruft's Brigade and 
Hazen's, and besides Ilazen's Brigade was not as far advanced 
to the front as that of Cruft. This gap, however, was covered 
by the Brigade of Gross, who was held as support to Hazen. We 
held our position here after the repulse of Chalmers and Donel- 
son's Brigades until Xegley's right had beeu so far turned that 
the line of battle stood at right angles with our line. In the 
meantime the ammunition of the Thirty-first and Second Ken- 
tucky having been about exhausted, an attempt was made to 
relieve them by sending in the First Kentucky to take the place 
of the Thirty-first, and the Ninetieth Ohio to relieve the Second 
Kentucky. When the First Kentucky had nearly reached our 



50 Tlic TJrirtij-Jirst Indiana liegiment 

position, the Colonel gave command to charge. The Thirtv-first 
was ordered to lie down, and the First Kentucky charged im- 
mediately over ns, and actually carried a few members of the 
Thirty-first with it, who had not heard the command to. lie 
down. The First Kentucky soon encountered such an unequal 
force, and being exposed to a crossfire of both musketry and 
artillery, that it rapidly fell back, and again charged over the 
Thirty-first, closely followed by double lines of the enemy. As- 
.-non as the First Kentucky had all passed to the rear, the Thirty- 
first gave the enemy such a deadly volley that they fell back 
as rapidly as they had come. Gross's Brigade, which was in 
reserve to our left, in rear of Hazen, had been "about-faced" 
to re-enforce i^egle}', who soon repulsed the enemy in our rear, 
but leaving the gap between the brigades of Cruft and Hazen 
open and unguarded, which let the enemy in on our left, and 
soon we would have been completely surrounded. I looked for 
our support, and found it was gone. It was self-evident that the 
time had fully come for us to get out; hence orders were given 
to the regiment to get back through the cedar woods, every 
fellow for himself, and rally at the railroad. The regiment all 
started, except a portion of two companies on the right. I at- 
tempted to ride up to them to repeat the command, the rattle 
of battle being so terrific that it was difficult to make yourself 
heard. But the impudent Johnnies ordered me to surrender. 
This, however, I declined to do, and took to the bushes, I passed 
•out through the wood a little to the left from the way most of 
the regiment had gone, and after getting about to the middle of 
the woods, my attention was called to the report of a gun very 
near at hand. To my dismay I discovered quite a large rebel 
soldier, and just about the same time he discovered me. He 
immediately sprang behind a tree, and began to reload his gun. 
Just at this time, and in the very nick of time, John S. Moore 
came running up, and said, "Get out of here quick." I at once 
pointed out to him the Johnnie behind the tree, the tree not 
being quite large enough to completely hide him, the point of 
one shoulder being considerably exposed. Moore laid his gun 
on a cedar limb, and, deliberately taking aim, fired. The 



In the War of the JReleUion. 51 

Johnnie fell, and then we did not stand on the order of our 
going, but we went. In getting ont of the woods I found Gen- 
eral Kousseau planting a battery, which had no support Avhat- 
ever. He wanted to know where my command was, and I told 
him up on the railroad. He requested me to bring it down to 
support his battery, which I agreed to do, and galloped over to 
the road, where I found the regiment in line, and we double- 
quicked back to the battery, and had the satisfaction of seeing 
the General give the enemy grape, canister, shrapnel, shell, 
and solid shot effectively. This closed the fighting as a regiment 
for the last day of the year 18G2. The official reports detail 
pretty correctly the transactions of the regiment during the rest 
of the engagement. 

There is a mystery in connection with the official report of 
the battle of Stone River. The "Colonel and Lieutenant-Colonel 
had both been more or less indisposed, and for several days both 
had been excused from duty by the surgeon. About December 
8, 1862, the commissioned officers of the regiment, by an elec- 
tion, recommended me for promotion to Major. Hence I was 
detailed a few days before the battle to act as Major. The Col- 
onel and Lieutenant-Colonel, however, had remained most of the 
time with the ccmmand, and both were with us for a while on 
the morning of December 31st; but I did not see either of them 
after we fell back through the cedar-grove until after the battle 
was over, the command of the regiment being in my hands. A 
few days after the battle the Colonel requested me to assist him 
in making his report. Soon after the report was forwarded it 
was returned, with an order for the man to make the report who 
had commanded the regiment. I then re-wrote the report, mak- 
ing A'ery few changes, all of which the Colonel approved. I 
signed the report as commanding regiment, and forwarded it. 
Some time afterwards, General Cruft, wdth a view to compliment 
me, remarked that he would have sent all the repoi-ts made to 
him back, if he had thought there would have been like im- 
provement on them. As I had written both reports, I did not 
very highly appreciate the compliment. But I have always 
supposed that the official report of the transactions of the regi- 



52 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

ment in this battle was made by me, but I find that tbe report 
on record was made by Colonel John Osborn, and it is not the 
one written by me for him either. 

During this engagement the Thirty-first Regiment was a 
part of the First Brigade, Brigadier-General Charles Cruft com- 
manding; Second Division, Brigadier-General John M. Palmer; 
left wing Fourteenth Corps, Major-General Thomas L. Crit- 
tenden. 

A few daj^s after the battle, the Thirty-first Regiment, to- 
gether with the brigade, moved out to Cripple Creek, some eight 
miles east of Murfreesboro, and went into camp, where it re- 
mained until the 24th of June, 1863. The five and a half 
months we spent in camp here on the banks of this naturally 
deformed, classic stream was possibly the most pleasant of our 
experience. True, we were on picket one-fourth of the time, 
and we were regularly and thoroughly drilled. Made quite a 
number of reconnaissances and foraging expeditions. The 
weather was generally pleasant, our supplies were abundant, 
and the enemy had received such terrible punishment at Stone 
River that they kept at a safe distance. The most disagreeable 
encounter the writer had while there was an unprovoked at- 
tack he made on a skunk. The loss in this little action amounted 
to a valuable suit of clothes. On one occasion the Thirty-first 
went out as a guard with a brigade train for forage. , Some five 
miles southeast of camp we came to a farm and a nice crib of 
corn. Orders were given to take the corn without disturbing 
the building. In returning from putting out some pickets, we 
noticed corn-cobs in the fence-corners, all along the lane. We 
immediately went to the Negro quarters, and inquired of an 
old colored woman how they came there, and were informed 
that a regiment of rebel cavalry had been there every day for 
more than a week, at about one o'clock, and fed their horses. 
The picket force was at once doubled, and the cora-crib torn 
down, and in thirty minutes the corn was all loaded into our 
wagons. We prej^ared papers showing the amount and value 
of the corn we had taken, and took them to the house to pre- 
sent to the good woman; but we did not find her in a very 
amiable temper. After a little conversation, we wrote "a se- 



In the War of the Rehellion. 53 

cessionist" across the face of the papers, and were about to take 
our leave, when some of the boys inquired if she would sell 
some chickens. She said they were all for sale at fifty cents 
apiece. A chicken Avas caught, and she was offered fifty cents 
in fractional currency. This was more than she could endure, 
and she fairly stormed. Some one showed her a facsimile Con- 
federate bill. This she accepted gladly, and in a few minutes 
she had no chickens, but plenty of facsimile. Tw^o Captains of 
the regiment made an arrangement to go back the following 
Thursday to , get some butter; but when the time came, they 
failed to procure a pass, and, in consequence of said failure, 
they were quite liberal in their denunciations of the regimental 
commander; but they felt quite different that night when a 
little colored boy came in with a message from the colored 
folks, not to come, for the place was alive with rebels waiting 
for them. 

On the first day of April the regiment, in connection with 
some other troops, were sent out to Woodbury to attack some 
rebel cavalry that were supposed to be there. We made a night 
march, and came on to the enemj' early in the morning. After 
a shai'p skirmish we captured some forty prisoners, one sutler 
stand, and three wagons loaded with whisky and tobacco, and, 
ill a day or two, returi :ed to camp. 

SUMMAKY. 

From May 4, 1862, the time we left Corinth, Mississippi, 
to January 3, 1863, the clo.-e of the battle of Stone River, was 
about eight months, or two hundred and forty days. During 
all this time the regiment was considered in camp ninety-nine 
days. It actually had its tents up but fifty-six days, leaving 
one hundred and eighty-four days that the men were exposed 
to the inclemency of the weather, just as it came, Avithout 
shelter of any kind, and the woi-st weather that came found us 
without our tents, and on short rations. 

During this time the regiment was under fire, in actual 
battle, twelve days, beside various skirmishes that sometimes 
amounted to quite a respectable little battle. 

The regiment marched from Fort Donelson to Fort Henry; 



54 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

tlien went by boat to Pittsburg Landing; tben skirmislied and 
fought its way to Corinth; then marched to Booneville and 
Jacinto, Mississippi. From there it marched to luka and to 
Eastport, in the northeast corner of Mississippi ; thence, by the 
way of Tusciimbia, Florence, and Kogersville, to Athens, Ala- 
bama; thence north across the State of Tennessee, passing 
through Eeynolds Station and ISTashville, to Gallatin, near the 
Kentucky State line. Thence back through iSTashville, Mur- 
freesborough. Liberty, and Smithville, to McMinnville, near 
the foot of Cumberland Mountain. Then a couple of days' 
march up into the mountain and return. Then we start out on 
the famous Buell-Bragg foot-race, back through ISTashville to 
Louisville, Kentucky; then to the Perry ville battle-field; and 
thence through Danville, Stanaford, Crab Orchard, Mount Ver- 
non, across Kockcastle Eiver, up onto Wildcat Mountain, to ISTel- 
son's Crossroads, to Goose Creek salt-works in Clay County, the 
southeast part of Kentucky; and thence back through Mount 
Vernon, Somerset, Columbia, Glasgow, Scottville, to Gallatin, 
Tennessee; thence, by a circuitous route, crossing the Cum- 
berland above JSTash ville, and into camp near ISTashville; and 
thence to the battle-field of Stone River, near Murfreesborough, 
having marched, in the meantime, more than three thousand 
miles. 

During this time the regiment was on detached service, and 
almost entirely alone for a period of forty-one days. 

The most laborious marching we had to do was what was 
called "flanking." The troops followed the road, and each regi- 
ment would detail a company, one-half of which were throAvn 
out on each side of the road, two or three hundred yards, and 
march in Indian file, keeping as near the same distance as 
possible from the troops in the road. Of course fences, hills, and 
ravines had to be crossed, streams had to be waded, thickets and 
brier patches had to be penetrated, and, at the same time, you 
had to keep up with the troops in the road. 

Another laborious duty, one that got to be quite burdensome, 
was "train guarding." When at any point away from the depot 
of supplies, brigade and division trains would be sent, and troops 




JOSEPH P. STRATTON. 
Company D. 



KUliEKT K. HUUPT. 
Company D. 





i:^ 



S. D. BAILEY 
Company D. 



LIEUTENANT WM. GID. SMITH. 
Company F. 



In the War of the Rebellion. 57 

detailed to guard them. The trains, of course, would be given 
the road, and the guards would have to march as best thev 
could, and, in the event a team got stuck in the mud, the guards 
had to lay down their gnns, and put their shoulders to the wheels. 
This train guarding was almost an everv-day business, and the 
Thirty-first Regiment, somehow, was lucky in getting jobs of this 
kind to do. I do not suppose, however, that on this line we did 
more than our proportionate share. It was astonishing to see 
how^ quick a wagon could be repaired. If, an axle should break, 
with scarcely no tools, and with no material except such as could 
be picked on a farm wliere the rails had all disappeared, a man 
or two would go to work, and the next morning the wagon would 
be up and ready for use. The method of repairing a wheel was 
different. If a wheel gave way, the teamster would drive to 
one side of the road, and wait till night, and then look out for 
a teamster who was oif his guard, or a wagon that was not under 
the immediate eye of a sentinel, when it was only the work of 
a. moment to take a good wheel off and put the broken one on. 
I have heard it said that sometimes a wheel would be carried 
five miles before the exchange could be made. It was insisted 
that there was no stealing in this, for the wagons all belonged to 
Fncle Sam, and that they were working for him. Be this as 
it may, it had all the symptoms of stealing. 

The 24th day of June, 1863, we struck tents, and bid fare- 
well to Camp Cnpple Creek, moving out in a southeast direc- 
tion until we came to the Murf reesborough and Brady^dlle pike, 
parsing Eradyville, and up Dug Hollow, where we had some 
pretty heavy skirmishing ; had one man killed, and one wounded. 
AVe continued our march toward Manchester, arriving there 
the evening of the 27th. We remained here a few days, marched 
in the direction of Tullahoma, imtil we got to Elk Elver. We 
remained here until the 8th of July, when we returned with 
the division to ^Manchester, and went into camp on the railroad. 
"We remained here until August 16, 1862, when we broke camp, 
marcdied out on the Mc^linnville Road, following it until the 
next day, and turned in towards the mountain on the road to 
Dunlap. We waded Colens River on the 18tli, and near noon 



58 Thi^ Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

came to tlie foot of the mountain. The regiment was detailed 
to assist the train up the big hill, which we succeeded in 
doing soon after nightfall, and the regiment went into camp 
on the top of the mountain the night of the 19th. During the 
forenoon the next day we came up with the division, and moved 
on across the mountain, and down into Sequatchie Valley, ar- 
riving at Dunlap in the evening of August 20th. We remained 
here until the 1st of September, and found that there were a 
large number of Union people in this part of Tennessee. They 
came in, in large numbers, on Sunday, to hear Chaplain Gilmore 
preach. They were all delighted with the sermon, and many 
were profoimdly impressed. 

The first day of September found us again on the march, 
passing down the valley, and through the town of Jasper, and 
arriving at Shellmound, on the Tennessee River, on the evening 
of the 3cl, at nine o'clock. The Thirty-first was ferried across 
the river in small flatboats, about eleven o'clock at night, being 
the first troops to cross, and was immediately sent out on guard 
or picket duty, while the remainder' of the division was cross- 
ing. We remained here at Shellmound until the 5th, and what 
time we were not on duty, we were diligently putting in the time 
exploring iSTicka jack Cave, the mouth of Avhich was a large, 
subterranean cavity, in which a regiment of men could find 
perfect shelter and safety from any cyclone, from which quite 
a number of narrow cavities led out to large halls or rooms. 
It was said that large quantities of salpeter were procured here; 
but the works were quite rude and simple, consisting mainly of 
old-fashioned ash-hoppers. ■ 

BATTLE OF CHICAMAUGA. 

EEPORT OF COLONEL JOHN T. SMITH, 

Thiett-first Indiana Infantry. 

Headquarters Thirty-first Eegimext, Indiana Volunteers, ] 
Camp near Chattanooga, Tenn., Septemher '28 , 1863. ) 
Captain Fairbanks, A. A. A. G. : 

Sir, — I have the honor to submit, herewith, a report of 
the part borne by the Thirty-first Regiment Indiana Volunteer 
Infantry, in the late engagement with the Confederate forces 



In the War of the Rebellion. 59 

under command of General Bragg, on the Little Chickaniauga, 
near Missionary Ridge, on the 19th and 20th inst. 

"VVe crossed the Tennessee River, at Sliellmonnd, on the night 
of the 3d instant, and the afternoon of the 5th we niuved out 
on the river road, toward Chattanooga, and at 10 o'clock at 
night we bivouacked in Whiteside Valley. 

Early next morning we moved out on the road leading to 
Knickerjack Pass, finding the road obstructed by the falling 
of trees, which we seen removed, and formed a junction with 
General Brannon's Division some four miles from Trenton, 
near the railroad running from that place to Chattanooga. 

On the 7th inst. Company K was detailed to establish and 
guard a signal station on Lookout Mountain; but before they 
reached the summit they discovered that the enemy held that 
point, and a brisk skirmish ensued, in which private Andrew 
Case was slightly wounded. The Thirty -first Regiment and 
the Ninetieth Ohio were ordered to their support; but the com- 
pany having cleared its front, and the enemy making no further 
resistance, the regiments returned to camp. This reconnaissance 
discovered Knickerjaek Pass and its practicability. On the 8th 
inst. we moved down the Trenton Valley some five miles, and! 
bivouacked near General Wood's Division. At 9 o'clock A. M.,. 
on the 9th inst. we moved in the direction of Chattanooga, 
leaving the main road at the base of the mountain ; we bivouacked 
for the night at Eossville, five miles south of Chattanooga. 

On ihe morning of the 10th, at 3 o'clock, the Thirty-fii'st 
was thrown forward to the summit, on the left hand, or Ringgold 
road. -Here we captured three prisoners, and at 7 o'clock A. M. 
we rejoined the brigade, which was moving in the direction of 
Ringgold. We halted at Peavine Creek at 11 o'clock A. M., and 
had scarcely stacked arms when the advance guard was driven 
in. The vThirty-first was immediately moved forward, Com- 
panies G and I in advance as skirmishers, who engaged the 
enemy, and drove him some two miles, the regiment following 
in supporting distance. We then returned to Peavine Creek, 
and bivouacked for the night. Early next morning we moved 
out via Graysville, to Ringgold, wdiere we again bivouacked, 
and passed the night. 



60 The TJiirty-first Indiana Regiment 

At 6 o'clock on the morning of tlie 12tli inst. we moved out 
on the Lafayette road, and came to the enemy's pickets, some 
three mil?s from Lee and Gordon's Mill, which, after consider- 
able maneuvering, were driven back, and we passed on to the 
mill, where we bivouacked for the night. Early next morning 
our pickets were driven in, and the day was spent in line of 
battle and maneuvering; but the enemy making no further 
demonstration, we retiied to the mill, and passed the night, and 
remained until the afternoon of the 15th inst., when we moved 
some three miles south of Crawfish Springs, near Mathew's 
house. The afternoon of the 17th we moved back to Ambro- 
cromby's house, a distance of one and a half miles, where we re- 
mained until the evening of the ISth, when we moved to a po- 
sition half a mile north of Lee and Gordon's Mill. x\.t 11 o'clock 
A. M. of the 19tli we moved down the Chattanooga road some 
one and one-half miles, or to McNamar's, where we moved by 
the right flank, or in line, Company E deployed as skirmishers, 
the Second Kentucky on our right, and the Ninetieth Ohio on 
our left. 

We had moved in that direction but a few rods when our 
skirmishers engaged those of the enemy, driving them some 
three-fourths of a mile, to an open field, beyond which we found 
the enemy in line of battle, and we were soon engaged in a 
close contest for some two hours, expending, on an average, 
fifty rounds of ammunition per man, and driving the *enemy from 
our front. 

We then retired some fifty yards to the woods, where we 
rested, and filled up our cartridge-boxes. 

By this time the enemy was pressing the forces on the right 
of our brigade. We were ordered to change front perpendicular 
to the right; but just as this movement was accomplished, the 
troops on our right and front gave way, and were precipitated on 
the right of our regiment, closely followed by a heavy column of 
the enemy. We then attempted to withdraw, but, in doing so, the 
regiment became somewhat scattered, but were soon rallied, and 
joined in a charge against the enemy, repulsing him handsomely. 
After holding the ground for some time, we were moved to 



In the War of the Rebellion. 61 

the Chattanooga road, near Kelly's house, where we prepared 
to bivouac for the night; but the enemy making an assault on 
a division to our left, we were moved to their support. On 
getting into position, we found tlie enemy repulsed, and we 
were ordered to rest on our arms for the night. 

Early on the morning of the 20th we prepared some hasty 
defenses of logs and trees, and at one-quarter before 8 o'clock 
the enemy made his appearance in our immediate front, and 
made a vigorous assault on our feeble works. He was, however, 
soon repulsed, but renewed the attack three different times, but 
was forced to retire, severely punished. We continued to hold 
our position during the day until 5 o'clock P. M., when we were 
ordered to retire, and, in doing so, had to pass through an open 
field under a most terrific shower of shot and shell. This move- 
ment was conducted with perfect order and self-possession. 
After gaining the wood, the regiment was formed in line, with 
the brigade facing the enemy, amid a perfect mass of scattered 
and disordered troops. 

Here we rested for nearly an hour, when we marched 
leisurely to Rossville. 

During the engagement of the 19th, Captain William J. 
Lease fell, mortally wounded, while leading his command in 
a charge against the enemy. He was a brave, faithful oflicer, 
and had, by his bravery on this and other occasions, won the 
esteem of his command and the entire regiment. Color-Ser- 
geant John West was killed while bearing the colors before the 
enemy, ^o sooner, however, had he fallen, than the colore were- 
gathered up and unfurled by Corporal Jesse E. Dodd, of Com- 
pany F, who bravelv carried them during the remainder of the 
day. Lieutenant-Colonel Xeff was struck on the elbow with a 
spent canister, disabling his arm; but he remained on the field, 
always at his post. Adjutant Xoble was slightly wounded, but 
continued at his post until the close of the engagement. Lieu- 
tenant Connelly was severely wounded, and carried off the field. 
Lieutenant Haviland received a slight but painful wound, and 
was sent to the rear. The company commanders, Captains 
Watennan, Pickens, Grimes, Brown, Hager, Hallowell, and 



62 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

Lieutenants Morris, Mason, Brown, and Scott all maneuvered 
their commands successfully, and acquitted themselves with 
much gallantry. Lieutenants Eoddy, Hatfield, Ford, Powers, 
Douglas, Fielding, Wells, and McKinzie were all cool, faithful 
and brave, and rendered much efficient service. Chaplain Gill- 
more was constantly on the field attending to the wounded, and 
was much exposed, having his horse killed. 

Assistant Surgeon McKinney was on the field, and rendered 
all the assistance in his power. 

I can not express terms of praise too high for the conduct 
of my entire command. During the whole of the campaign 
they evinced a spirit of endurance and bravery unexcelled, 
which was truly gratifying to myself as well as creditable to 
them. 

Appended you will find a list of casualties. 

All of which is respectfully submitted. 
I am, sir. Your obedient servant, 

JOHN T. SMITH, 

Colonel Commanding. 

In this engagement Sergeant John West, of Company A, a 
-color-bearer, was killed, and Corporal Marston Gibbons and 
privates Warren Brockway, James H. Laverty, Robert H. Water- 
man, and William M. Elmore were wounded. In Company B 
Lieutenant Stephen S. Haviland, First Sergeant Robert T. 
McKee, and Sergeants John H. ISTeese and Lorenzo D. Gard, 
and privates Lems G. Lybarger and Andrew J. Pool were 
wounded. The wounded of Company C were Andrew J. New- 
ton (mortally), Corporals Thomas Green and John G. Malory, 
and privates John C. Arterburn, William H. H. Gray, Isaac 
O. Lowe, Jahiel F. Joslin, and James J. Ferguson. In Com- 
pany D there were wounded Corporal William L. Knotts and 
privates William J. Bilyew, William A. Bland, and William 
Cowden. In Company E, Carlton B. Lyon was killed, and Will- 
iam B, Cochran, Tilghman Moore, Oliver B. Lochman, and 
John Runey, all privates^ were wounded. Of Company F, Cap- 
tain William J. Lease and Robert Clayton were killed, and 
Da^ad M. Stuckey, John Guthrev, W. B. S. Maddox, M. E. 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



%\\ 



Harnson, T. J. Garrett, AV. IT. II. AVeleh, John S. Moore, and 
James Sanders were wounded. Company G had First Sergeant 
David C Hnnte,. and Sergeant Albert L. Wangh, and privates 
George W. Elkins, Alonzo Clark, Joseph Woolerv, Hezekiah 
Axam Archibald Harper, Levi N. Rhorer, and A^ers Ellsbury 
wounded Of Company H, Corporal Hiram Lackey and privates 
James M. Lancaster, James E. Wilson, and Mason Beatty were 
wounded. In Company I, Lieutenant Jesse B. Connelly was 
severely wounded in the head, and Sergeant ATorval W Cum- 
mmgs was wounded in the thigh, Corporal Lancelot C. Eubank 
was wounded in the head, Moses T. Kelly severely wounded in 
K . w-^ C- Brattain in the arm, James R. Adams in the 
^ngh Wmiam C Adams in the face, Silas Dark in the hand, 
Otterbm G. Beard in the arm, Thomas Elzv in the leg, Sidnev 
A. Seymour in the leg, and John W. Jackson in the head In 
ComjDany K, John Day, Pleasant W. ^^.^^^^^ ^^^ ^^..^^.^^^^ ^ 
ivendricks, privates, were wounded. 

,,,.,f.'^''^i ^i°^^^ ^^^ ^^'illi^i^^ Posey, of Companv D, and 
William H. Bemiett, of Company I, were missing L action, 
and not being heard of aftenvards, they are supposed to be dead. 
Josiah D. Crist, of Company F, died in Andersonville, Georoia 
May 13, 1864, and Fred. Snellenberger, of Companv I, died' 
at the same place, both having been captured in thi^ engao-e- 
ment. David M. Stuckey,of Company F, who was shot In 
the breast, the ball lodging against the skin on his back, and 
who lay m the open weather eleven days, was reported dead; 
but he was afterwards brought into Chattanooga, and, at this 
date still lives. Captain Lease had a presentiment that he 
would be killed on the 19th, the first day's fi^rht. He ^ave me 
his pocket-book and a message for his wife. ^I tried to" prevail 
on him that he was laboring under some kind of a foolish hallu- 
cination but he persisted in the declaration that this was his last 
day to live. I told him that I did not see that I could send 
him to the rear, and he replied that there was no wav, that he 
iiad looked over the whole ground, and there was no wav to 
get back honorably, and that he would die before he would <ro 
back dishonorably. I spoke to him late in the aftei-noon, after 



64 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

we had repulsed tlie enemy, that he was getting along all right, 
to which he replied that his time had not quite come yet, and, 
in less than an hour, he had received a mortal wound. When 
the Captain fell. First Sergeant Gilbert Liston took command 
of the company, and, with fidelity and ability, discharged the 
duties of Captain during the remainder of the engagement 
After the brigade got back near liossville, it being late in 
the night, we procured plenty of water for the first time since 
the battle began. We bivouacked here for the night, having 
fallen back five miles. We had left our dead and many of our 
wounded on the battle-field. The night was dark, and we found 
the road strewn with wouncled men, being assisted along by 
their comrades as best they could. 

About 8 o'clock A. M. the 21st, we again formed in line 
of battle on Mission Ridge, but it was near noon before skir- 
mishing began, and during the afternoon we had considerable 
heavy cannonading. A detail was made from each regiment 
for picket duty, and I was put in command of the pickets of 
the division. About 10 P. M. we received orders to report 
in person to headquarters, and, after being put under the most 
solemn obligations of secrecy, were told that the command would 
soon move out, and that I could either go with it, or remain 
until 2 o'clock, and try to take off the men on picket. I chose 
to remain; but very soon the men on picket gTew suspicious, 
and declared the army was gone. The enemy was moving up, 
adjusting and establishing his lines in dangerous proximity. 
From twelve to two o'clock were the longest two hours we ever 
experienced. But the time finally arrived, and the pickets 
w^ere called together, and we went up to the place where head- 
quarters had been; but now we were lost. We did not know 
which way to go; did not know north from south or east from 
west. The men were deployed, and began to feel the ground 
for the track of the artillery. The ground in the woods being' 
rather soft, we had but little trouble in getting out to the road. 
But here we confronted a still more serious trouble. We did 
not know which end of the road to take. W'^e got out of this 
by supplying the men with matches, deployed them along the 



In the War of the Rebellion. 65 

road, and lighting the matches, being careful to keep the light 
concealed as nuicli as })Ossible, and examining to see which way 
the artillery turned when it reached the road. This expedient 
was a perfect success, and soon we were making good time to- 
wards Chattanooga. We passed off of JMissionarv Kidge into 
Chattanooga valley just at break of day, and had gone 
probably half a mile into the valley by the time it was fully 
light. We then could look back and see the ridge occupied 
by the enemy's cavalry. We joined the brigade amid much 
rejoicing, and soon ate a square meal; and it was well we did, 
for it was not long until plenty to eat could not be procured. 
The morning of the 2 2d, soon after breakfast, the troops l>e- 
gan to move out and take position around the town of Chatta- 
nooga, and, by the middle of the afternon, all hands were busy 
building fortifications. Late in the eveiiing the enemy com- 
menced shelling us, but the distance was so great that they 
did us no harm. We camped during the night in line of battle, 
keeping details at work all night on the works. We all got 
some sleep, b ing the first of any note for about five days and 
nights. 

IsTear the position occupied by the regiment stood a hand- 
some cottage, out of which came a lady, who said she wanted 
to go away, and requested us to see that her house was not 
disturbed in any way. The Colonel promised her most un- 
qualifiedly that nothing about the premises should be hurt. 
Pretty soon, however, after she had gone, the engineer came 
along, and directed us to go to work on our defenses, and to run 
the line through the yard; that that cottage w^Tild have to 
be taken down. The doors were locked, and the keys gone; but 
we got in all the same, carefully packed up all the goods, and 
carried everything out; took out the doors and windows; took 
off the roof, a side at a time; cut and pried the frame apart, 
and took the sides and ends down, in a manner, whole; piled 
the house around the goods and furniture, and removed the 
yard fence, and cut a large ditch across the yard, and threw up 
an embankment three or four feet high. AVhon the lady re- 
turned the n xt d'ly, she i-ctually looked lonesom'\ The necea- 
5 



66 The Thirty-Jvrst Indiana Regiment 

sitj of the thing was explained to her, and she took the thing 
quite philosopliically, and said, if she just knew where she could 
get a team to moTe her goods, she w^ould be all right. A call 
was made on Lieutenant James C. Beeler, the Quartermaster, 
who soon sent around all the teams necessary, and her goods 
were loaded, and a detail sent to help unload. She thanked us 
very heartily for being so careful with her goods. Her ac- 
quaintance with the Thirty-first was quite brief; but she \vill 
never forget it. We had an appraisement made of her house 
and fence, and an estimate of the damage done to her lot of 
ground. We hope she has received her pay. 

The following excellent paragraphs we are permitted to take 
from Captain A. C. Ford's ''Midnight on Mission Ridge:" 

"For days prior to the battle the Twenty-first Corps had 
marched through mountain-gaps and pine-forests, past Chatta- 
nooga and Grayville, to Lee and Gordon's Mills, and on to 
Crawfish Springs. Who of that command mil ever forget the 
crude uncertainties, the horrible forebodings, and the myste- 
rious and inexplicable stillness of those September days, as we 
aimlessly wandered up and dow^n the rugged byways along the 
winding banks of the Chickamauga, halting now for an hour, 
and now marching again without haste or apparent purpose? 
Soldiers climbed into tree-tops, or to some rugged height, while 
oflScers waited impatiently below for report of what they saw. 
On the 15th and 16th, over the tall pine-forests to the south- 
west, from one to three miles away, a long line of reddish-yel- 
low dust could be seen rolling up in the bright sunshine, evi- 
dently from a long column of marching troops, to-day moving 
in a southeast direction, and to-morrow moving back again. 
But who? Was it Thomas? or McCook? It could not be. 
Thomas must be further away, and McCook could not be nearer 
than thirty miles as the crow flies, and directly beyond the cloud 
of dust, marching, it was fondly hoped, to join Thomas, and 
Crittenden, somewhere between Lee and Gordon's Mills and 
McFarland's Gap. 

''The strain of these long and anxious days and nights, in- 
cluding the two days' battle ending in heaping the army in 



In the War of the Rebellion. 67 

tlie CliattaiiO( ga valley, was all and more than mind and body 
could endure; the Commander of the army himself almost suc- 
cumbing to the more than human task. But the dawn of light 
on the morning of the 21st brought fresh hope and renewed 
powers of endurance. No army ever more cheerfully marched 
to new duties than the Army of the Cumberland did tliat bright 
September morning. The Twenty-first Corps climbed to the 
top of Mission Ridge, and stretched its length along the crest 
to the north, from Rossville far beyond the point since known 
as Bragg's Headquarters. The day wore away, and the attack 
that had been hourly expected was not made. At 9 o'clock at 
night all was as quiet as a sick-chamber; at 10 o'clock, while we 
lay sleeping behind the barricade busy hands had been building 
from early dawn until after nightfall, an order came, delivered 
in low breath, to be ready to march in ten minutes, and with- 
out a loud word being spoken. Standing in line, awaiting or- 
ders to move, an order was received for a company from the 
brigade to be left deployed along the entire line of our works. 
Company A, Thirty -first Indiana, w^as detailed, and stepping a 
pac: or two out of Ine, we stood at attention while the iMmmnnd 
marched by and away, the officers stepping from their places in 
line to take a hurried leave of their associates, wdiile the sol- 
diers whispered a jocular message to General Bragg, or made 
request for a souvenir from Andersonville or Libby Prison. 
We stood in perfect silence until the last sound of the march- 
ing columns died away in the valley to the west. The lone- 
liness seemed almost suffocating, but recovering from the stupe- 
fying inlluences of the situation, we proceeded to obey orders 
by deploying the little command at intervals, sufficient to cover 
the ridge occupied by our command. 

The enemy, Polk's Corps, was in position on a ridge in an 
irregular line, in our front, and so near at places, we could 
plainly hear every loud word spoken, the marching of their 
columns into position, and the rattling of their a\-tillery over the 
rough ground all night long, while we stood looking steadily 
into the impenetrable darkness of the deep gulch and forest 
between us. Orders to rejoin our command, and morning, it 



68 The Thirty-jvrst Indiana JRegiment 

seemed, would never come. Suddenly lioof-beats of an ap- 
proaching horseman were heard in the distance, but, owing to 
the peculiar echoing of sound, the direction could not be deter- 
mined, A mounted soldier rode into our line from its right 
south flank, and was brought, between two bayonets, to the com- 
pany commander. To learn he did not bring orders ending our 
lonely watch was a severe disappointment, but it had its com- 
pensation. He claimed he had been sent from corps head- 
quarters with a bottle of whisky to the chief of artillery, under 
whose direction empty caissons had been rattling over the rough 
hills, away to our right, all night long. How he had ridden 
into our lines it puzzled him to know, and he was greatly dis- 
tressed at being a prisoner. AVe dismounted him, and relieved 
him of his arms and munitions of war, and gave him assurance 
that, although he would be unable to reach his alleged chief 
of artillery, immediate arrangements would be made for the 
disposition of the burthen of his errand. 

"Looking again to the east, the gray streaks of morning light 
could be seen shooting up in the horizon, and the gray line of 
danger was momentarily expected to be heard and felt. Who 
of us of the line, at about this period of the war, did not hope 
to bear eagle wings, and who of the field had not a dim, distant 
star to guide him? "With a command of not more than fifty 
men, on a lonely mountain ridge, miles away from the army to 
which we belonged, and but a few hundred yards from a powei-- 
ful enemy, I remember a thought came into my mind that 
this, perhaps, was the opportunity to do something that would 
make report of our services worthy the attention of our coun- 
try — a youthful ambition as commendable as hopeless. But a 
courier, that came crashing through the brush and over fallen 
timbers, from the foot of the mountain, stopped indulgence in the 
illusions of a foolish hope, and we hurriedly 'rallied on the cen- 
ter,' and followed, while the courier led the Avay down to the val- 
ley and on to the Rossville Road, a mile or more away. A hurried 
march of half an hour brought us inside the cavalry vidette, 
three miles or more out from Chattanooga. We dropped to the 
ground for a moment's rest just as the morning sunlight was 



In the War of the Rebellion. 69 

touching the tal.et pines on Mission Ridge. Ahnost instantly 
all were asleep. Awakening suddenly, I saw standing before me, 
with his hand grasping the rein of his horse, and still wearing 
a bayoneted gun on either side, our prisoner of a few hours 
before, who was as much delighted that our uniforms, that 
looked gray by starlight, were blue, as I was surprised that 
he wore the same color. 

"Resuming our march, as we drew nearer our lines, that 
ran from toward the foot of Lookout Mountain around to the 
Tennessee River on the north, we beheld an army playing at 
the game of war with spades as trumps. Far around to the 
northward, on the high ground, since known as Fort Wood, we 
saw standing on the half -made Avorks a squad of soldiers looking 
intently at our little moving column, and we directed our course 
toward them. Climbing over the works where they stood, and 
receiving congratulations at our unexpected return, we stacked 
our arms, and followed suit by also playing spades from quarter- 
master's deal, while distracted women and children stood stupe- 
fied and overwhelmed at the destruction of their beautiful sub- 
urban homes, that a few hours before had been the pride and 
ornament of Chattanooga. 

"Histor}^ tells you how successful the ruse was, and how 
nearly we came to a realization of our ambitious hopes, based on a 
daybreak attack. We could have almost taken an early dinner 
there, for not until many hours had passed did we see a long line 
of gray looking down on us from the barricade we had left, and 
they had spent hours shelling before occupying. General Polk 
had been invited by a farmer to breakfast at a reasonable hour, 
and General Bragg subsequently said he never let so trifling a 
matter as attacking an enemy interfere with his acceptance of 
an invitation of that kind. His failure in obeying orders to 
attack at daybreak was the cause for a renewal of a quarrel 
between them, that ended only when the Bishop General was 
killed on Pine Mountain by a shot from the Fifth Indiana bat- 
tery, on the 14th of Jime, 1864. 

"Attempts were made to throw shells into our lines, that were 
bv that time well-formed and fortified, from batteries on ^Mission 



70 The Thirty-first Indiana BegiineiH 

Ridge and Lookout Mountain; but the result, in most part, was 
more to our amusement than danger. But in the days and weeks 
that followed the amusement ceased, and the danger came, but 
from an enemy the Army of the Cumberland up to that time 
had been a stranger to — starvation. A record of the splendid 
deeds that saved us from that dread conqueror makes a page in 
history that reads unlike others. It tells the story of a. battle 
fought under the command, or from, the common impulse, of the 
lowest in rank, w^here and when a half-starved army, growing 
impatient of restraint, rushed upon a powerful foe, broke and 
drove his columns far from its front, and enriched its trophies 
of war with a hundred captured guns and thousands of 
prisoners." 

We remained in camp here at Chattanooga about a month, 
during which time the place was pretty well fortified, and from 
the fact that the rebel cavalry were in<iustriously disturbing our 
line of communication we were most of the time sho.t of rat"ons. 
On the 25th of October, 1863, we left for Bridgeport, Alabama, 
for the purpose of guarding the bridge and supplies at that 
place. On our arrival at Bridgeport., we relieved a brigade that 
immediately went to Chattanooga to take part in the battle of 
Missionary Ridge, which was fought November 25, 1863. Two 
companies of the Thirty-first guarded some thirteen hundred 
prisoners, captured in this engagement, to ^STashville, Tenn. 
While in camp here two hundred and eighty-five men of the 
regiment re-enlisted, or veteranized, which was considerably 
above an average. Those who re enlisted were mustered as vet- 
erans on the 7th day of January, 1864. Those re-enlisting were 
paid up in full, including the original bounty of $100, additional 
bounty and premiums of $101. The veterans left Bridgeport 
January 26th, and arrived at Indianapolis, January 30, 1864. 
The regiment v as held at Indi:ina])olis, and given a magnificent 
reception. The ladies and authorities of the city had prepared 
an exceTent dinner, after which addresses were made by Gov- 
ernor Morton, General Laz. ISToble, Colonel John T. Smith, 
Lieutenant-Colonel Francis L. Kneff. When the regiment ar- 
rived at Terre Haute, it found the city all aglow with enthusiasm 



In the War of the Rehellion. 71 

and patriotic ardor, determined to sliow their good-will and 
approval with a reception that was to eclipse everything else of 
the kind, and with their imino.tal Colonel R. M. Thompson, 
with his inimitible eloquence, tluy could not have failed; but 
the men of the regiment, who had been absent from dear ones 
nearly two and a half years, were too eager to get home. The 
arms of the regiment were deposited where they remained until 
March 14, 1861. There had been one man from each company 
sent home on recruiting service some time before the regiment 
veteranized, some time probably in N'ovember, who had gath- 
ered up a few recruits. The veterans while at home obtained a 
few more, so the regiment returned with several recruits. 

We returned from our homes to Indianapolis, March 15, 
1864, and immediately started to the front. On the ITt'i arrived 
at JSTashville, Tennessee, and not being able to obtain transpor- 
tation, we took up the line of march for Stevenson, Alabama, 
passing by the battle-field of Stone River, and arriving at Steven- 
son on the 29th, at noon. Here we procured transportation, 
taking deck passage on a freight train, and arrived at Chatta- 
nooga at eight o'clock at night, marched out two and one-half 
miles, and bivouacked. We rested here one day, and early the 
next morning we resumed the march through a rough, broken 
country, and arrived at Ottawa Station, on the Chattanooga & 
Knoxville Railroad, April 1, 1864. Here we rejoined our 
brigade, and soon found ourselves in comfortable quarters. 

The non-veterans of the regiment, during the absence of the 
veterans on furlough home, were attached to the Eighty-first 
Regiment Indiana Volunteers, and were commanded by William 
H. Zimmerman, of Company F. We rejoined them at Ottawa. 

During the month of April the army was making active 
preparations for the approaching campaign, and various changes 
were made in its organization. The Thirty-first Regiment was 
in the First Brigade, which was commanded by Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Charles Cruft, until the 10th of June, when, in consequence 
of sickness, he was sent back to Chattanooga, and Colonel Isaac 
M. Kirby assumed command. The brigade at this time con- 
sisted of the Twenty-firet Illinois (General Grant's regiment). 



72 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

commanded by Major James E. Calloway; Thirty-eighth Illinois 
Regiment, Colonel AVilliam T. Chapman; Thirty-tirst Indiana, 
Colcnel John T. Sniiih; Eighty-first Indiana, Colonel William 
C. Wheeler; First Kentucky, Colonel David A. Enyart — this 
regiment was sent home May 29th, to be mustered out, term of 
service having expired; Second Kentucky, Lieutenant-Colonel 
John E. Hurd — sent home June 3d for muster out, time expired ; 
JSTinetieth Ohio, Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel IST. Yeoman; 101st 
Ohio, Colonel I. M. Kirby, and after June 10th this regiment 
was commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Bedan B. McDonald. 
We were in the First Division, commanded by Major-General 
David S. Stanly until about August 1st, and tTien by Brigadier- 
General JSFathan Kimball. We were in the Fourth Army 
Corps, commanded by Major-General Oliver O. Howard, until 
July 27th, when he was assigned to the command of the Army 
of the Tennessee, and was succeeded in the command! of the 
corps by General Stanly. We were in the Army of the Cum- 
berland, commanded by Major-General George H. Thomas. 

The entire army consisted of the Army of the Cumber- 
land, commanded by Major-General George H. Thomas, and 
including infantry, cavalry, and artillery, numbering 60,773 
men and 130 guns; the Army of the Tennessee, commanded 
by Major-General James B. McPherson, with a force of 24,465 
men of infantry, artillery, and cavalry, and 96 guns; the Army 
of the Ohio, Major-General John M. Schofield, with 13,559 
men of all arms, and 28 guns, — all under the command of 
Major-General William T. Sherman, of the Military Division 
of the Mississippi. Grand aggregate: Troops, 98,797 and 254 
guns. About these figures were maintained during the cam- 
paign, the number of men joining from furlough and hos- 
pitals about compensating for the loss in battle and from sickness. 

These armies, about the first of May, had their head- 
quarters as follows: The Army of the Cumberland, at Ring- 
gold; that of the Tennessee, at Gordon's Mills, on the Chicka- 
mauga; and that of the Ohio, near Red Clay, on the Georgia 
line, north of Dalton. The enemy lay in and about Dalton, with 
about ten thousand cavalrv and between forty-five and fifty 
thousand infantry and artillery. 




GILBERT LISTON. 
Company F. 



LIEUTENANT JOHN AV. BROWN. 
Company F. 




CAPTAIN LEWIS W. BROWN. 
Company F. 



GEORGE CLAYTON. 
Company F. 



In the War of the Rebellion. 75 

ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. 

REPORT OF COLONEL ISAAC M. KIRBY, 
One Hundred and First Ohio Infantry, Commanding First Brigade. 

Headquarters First Brigade, 
First Division, Fourth Army Corps, Near Atlanta, Ga. 

September 11, I864. 

I have the, honor to submit the following report of the 
operations of this brigade during the campaign commencing 
May 3d and ending September 8th, in the occupation of At- 
lanta: 

From May 3d to June 10th, Brigadier-General Cruft com- 
manded the brigade, and for a report during that time I am 
restricted to information gained from regimental reports and 
from my Assistant Adjutant-General. On the third day of May, 
this brigade, composed of the Thirty-first Indiana, Eighty-first 
Indiana, Ninetieth Ohio, and One hundred and first Ohio, and 
detachments of the non-veterans of the Twenty-first and 
Thirty-eighth Illinois, attached to the One hundred and first 
Ohio, broke camp at Ooltewah, Tenn., and, under command 
of Brigadier-General Cruft, marched out the road leading to 
Tunnel Hill via Catoosa Springs, camped on a high ridge, half 
a mile south of Catoosa Springs, on the evening of the 4th. On 
the morning of the 7th, the brigade, in advance of the division, 
moved directly on Tunnel Hill. The One Hundred and First 
Ohio, and two companies of the Eighty-first Indiana, deployed as 
skinnishers, soon met the enemy's skirmishers, and drove them 
steadily back till our line swimg around on the base of Tunnel 
Hill. While lying in that position. General Whitaker's brigade 
moved down on the crest of the ridge, and occupied the enemy's 
works on the hill. That night the brigade encamped on the 
hill. May 8th, moved for^vard to the railroad, and lay in line 
of battle. , May 9th, brigade moved forward a short distance; 
skirmishers briskly engaged during the day. May 10th, occu- 
pied same position. May 11th: this afternoon, brigade ordered 
on a reconnaissance in the gorge at Rocky Face. One Hundred 
and First Ohio, Thirty-first Indiana, and a portion of the Nine- 
tieth Ohio deployed as skirmishers. Eighty-first Indiana, sup- 



76 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

porting the right of the One Hundred and First Ohio, pressed 
foi-ward, and drove the enemy from his detached works to his 
main line, and withdrew under cover of night. May 12th, 
moved to the right to a position occupied by a brigade of Gen- 
eral Davis's division, and intrenched. May 13th, the enemy 
having evacuated his position, the brigade, in the division col- 
umn, marched through Dalton, and bivouacked on the road 
leading to Resaca. May 14:tli, marched on in pursuit of the 
enemy; soon met his skirmishers; deployed the One Hundred 
and First Ohio, and drove his skirmishers back to his line on 
the hills near Resaca. The brigade was then formed for ac- 
tion, and, with the Fifth Indiana Battery, moved forward on 
the Resaca road beyond the junction of the Tilton road, and 
became hotly engaged. Owing to the extent of country to 
be observed by so small a force, the brigade was necessarily 
posted in detached positions. The enemy, sweeping down on 
us in overwhelming force, and pressing a heavy body entirely 
past our left flank, compelled the brigade to fall back in con-- 
fusion. The Fifth Indiana Battery, having been, fortunately, 
posted in rear of the lines, checked the enemy's further ad- 
vance, and punished him severely. Just at nightfall the brigade 
was rallied, re-formed, and moved to a position in rear of Colonel 
(now General) Grose's brigade, where it remained till the 
evacuation of the works at Resaca, the morning of the 16th. 
Moved forward that day in pursuit. Came up with the enemy 
on the evening of the 17th, near Adairville; formed in line of 
battle, and advanced skirmishers; light skirmishing until dark. 
During the night the enemy withdrew. Moved forward on 
the morning of the ISth; found the enemy near Kingston; de- 
ployed the One Hundred and First Ohio and Eighty-first In- 
diana. Heavy skirmishing ensued, driving the enemy about 
one and a half miles. Foi*med a line of battle, and moved for- 
ward, the enemy withdrawing; camped near Cassville. May 
23d, 3 P. M., marched with the division via Burnt Hickory, 
across Pumpkin-vine Creek, to a position near Dallas. Lay in 
reserve at Dallas till the morning of ]\lay 30th, when the bri- 
gade was ordered to accompany a supply train to Kingston. 



In the TFar of the liehellion. 77 

The Twenty-first Illinois, returned from veteran furlough, 
joined the brigade at Kingston, June 14th. Rejoined the divis- 
ion at Acworth, June 7th. June 9th, Thirty-eighth Illinois 
joined the brigade, having returned from veteran furlough. 
On the morning of June 10th, General Cruft was ordered to 
Chattanooga on account of severe sickness, and I had the honor 
to assume command. 

Moved out on the Burnt Hickory and Marietta road in ad- 
vance of the division; deployed the Twenty-first Illinois and 
Thirty-first Indiana as skirmishers. The line soon became en- 
gaged with the enemy's skirmishers; drove them back nearly 
half a mile. The line was here halted, and column deployed 
into position, and slight barricades constructed. June 11th, line 
was relieved by portions of Colonel Grose and General Whit- 
aker's brigades; and my command, by order of General Stanley, 
moved to the left of General Grose, relieving General Mor- 
gan's brigade, of the Fourteenth Army Corps, and formed in 
two lines, three battalions front. Just before dusk, commenced 
movement to occupy position four hundred or five hundred yards 
farther to the front; completed movement under cover of night. 
During the night my position was strongly intrenched. June 
12th, light skirmishing all day. Advanced the skirmish line 
about fifty yards; considerable firing on the skirmish line all 
night. June 13th and 14th, light skirmishing. June 15th, at 
early dawn, skirmish line advanced one-half mile without 
finding an enemy; took six prisoners. By order of I^Iajor-Gen- 
eral Stanley, brigade advanced three-fourths of a mile. 2 P. M., 
formed in double cohmm, three battalions front. 5 P. M., 
advanced to the front and right, deployed in position on the 
right of General Grose; advanced strong line of skirmishei-s 
under a brisk fire. June 16th, skirmishers briskly engaged the 
entire day. During the day, the Thirty-first Indiana, and 
part of the ^N'inetieth Ohio, intrenched on the skirmish line in 
an open field and immediately under the enemy's guns, perform- 
ing their work gallantly. The Ninetieth and One Hundred 
and First Ohio com]-)leted the line in the early part of the night. 
June, 17th, 3 K. ]\T., advanced skirmishers to the enemy's works. 



78 ■ The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

and found them evacuated. During tlie morning, advanced the 
brigade one and one-half miles to a commanding position and 
on the right of General Grose. Was relieved in the afternoon 
by Geneal Beatty's brigade, and moved to the left in position, 
supporting the right brigade of General jSTewton's division. June 
18th, advanced one-half a mile, supporting same brigade of Gen- 
eral !Newton's; 4 P. M., moved to position in front line farther to 
the right, and joining the left of General Wood's division. 
June 19th, moved to the right, and relieved a brigade belong- 
ing to the Twentieth Army Corps. June 20th, advanced a 
strong skirmish-line to seize a high hill held by the enemy in 
my front. Succeeded, under a heavy artillery and musketry fire, 
in gaining the hill, but the enemy immediately moved a strong- 
line of battle (under cover of a well-directed artillery fire) 
against me, and, my flanks not being sufficiently protected, my 
men were driven back. . June 21st, moved the brigade against 
the hill that I failed to hold on the 20th. The Thirty-first In-' 
diana deployed as skirmishers, Ninetieth Ohio supporting, all 
of the pioneers of the brigade following closely. These regi- 
ments carried the hill gallantly, and were followed immediately 
by the balance of the brigade, going rapidly into position pre- 
viously indicated. The enemy opened a heavy artillery fire; 
did comparatively little damage. My pioneers, particularly, 
deserve my thanks, and won my admiration on this occasion 
for their almost superhuman efforts and great gallantry dis- 
played. June, 22d, occupied the same position; the enemy kept 
up a constant and heavy skirmish fire on us, and at times during 
the day, opened a heavy artillery fire. June 23d, 3. A. M., 
was relieved by Colonel Scribner's brigade, Fourteenth Army 
Corps, and moved to the right about a mile, and relieved por- 
tions of Generals Hooker's and Kimball's brigades. June 24th, 
advanced skirmish line (Eighty-first Indiana), and seized a ridge 
occupied by the enemy's skirmishers. One Hundred and First 
Ohio and Twenty-first Illinois moved closely in support of 
skirmish line, and, with assistance of pioneers, soon had good 
works on the ridge. The Mnetieth Ohio was then moved up, 
and completed the line. The enemy resisted this advance stub- 



In the ^Yar of the liebellion. 79 

bornly, and continued to annoy lis very mucli during the night. 
My regiments engaged performed their work in an admirable 
manner. June 25th and 26th, occupied the same position, 
subjected to an annoying fire from the enemy. June 27th, at 
8 A. M., formed in column, regimental front, supporting in 
echelon. General Kimball's brigade formed for assault. The 
assault proving unsuccessful, was withdrawn and placed in 
same position occupied before. June 28th, 29th, and 30th, 
occupied same position. July 1st, in same position, with heavy 
skirmish and artillery firing. July 2d, late P. M., moved to the 
left, and relieved a portion of General Newton's line. July 3d, 
enemy evacuated, brigade marched via Marietta, and bivouacked 
in front of enemy, in rear of General Grose's brigade, five miles 
•south of Marietta. July 4th, went into position on left of Gen- 
eral Grose, pushed forward a strong skirmish line, and advanced 
in line of battle; took enemy's skirmish pits, and intrenched 
•during the evening. July 5th, enemy evacuated; brigade 
marched to the Chattahoochee River. July 6th, 7th, 8th, and 
9th, occupied same position. July 10th, at 10 A. M., marched 
on the road leading up the river, camped within one mile of 
pontoon crossing. July 11th, occupied same position. July 
12th, crossed the river, and went into position on high bluff, 
•one mile below crossing. July 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, and 17th, 
occupied same position. July 18th, brigade marched out on 
Atlanta road at 5 o'clock A. M,, following General ISTewton's 
•division; camped near Buck Head. July 19th, marched about 
three miles, and went into position on left of division. July 
20th, marched in rear of division, crossed south fork of Peach- 
tree Creek, and bivouacked in rear of Colonel Taylor's lines. 
•July 21st, occupied same position. July 2 2d, marched in pursuit 
of enemy; went into position in front of enemy at ten A. M., 
and advanced skirmish-line. July 23d, 24th, 25th, and 26th 
■occupied same position, building works and skimiishing. July 
27th, at 9 P. M. moved to left flank of army, and occupied 
enemy's old works. July 28th, 29th, 30th, and 31st, occupied 
same position. August 1st, in the evening relieved one brigade 
•of General Hascall's Division on the front line. August 2d, 



so Th< Thu'fy-iirst Indiana jRei/hnenf 

oecupieii Siiuie position. Aiigiisi od, made demonstration witli 
skirmisli line: k^t eight men wounded. August Ttth. same pi> 
sidon. August 5th, made demonstration with skirmish-line. 
August 6th. 7th, Sth. iHh. 10th. and llth^ all quiet. August 
12th, advanced skirmish-lme three himdred or four hundred 
yards: met very httle resistance, returned to old position. Au- 
gust 13th, 14th, and 15th, occupied same position. August 16th. 
shiftevi position to the left, the length of brigade. August ITth 
and ISth. all quiet. 

August lOth, put the brigade in position on the Augusta 
Railro-ad to the left of picket-hne. deployed Ninetieth Ohio. One 
Hundred and Fiist Ohio, and Twenty-tiist Illinois as skir- 
mishers, and advanced one-half mile: drove the enemy's skinuish- 
ers into their rilie-pits, and withdrew. In the afternoon, made a 
similar demonstration. August 20th. 2 1st. 22d, 23d, 2-l:th, and 
25th, occupied same position, occasionally making a display of 
tlie troops. August 25th. immediately after dark, broke up 
camp, and marched in rear of the lines to the right; crossed the 
Chattanooga Kailroad, and bivouacked in some old works: 
Eighty-^rst Indiana deployed as pickets. August 26th, the 
enemy advanced a strong line of skirmishers on our pickets, 
pushing them vigc>rously. succeeded in driving our pickets olf the 
ridge occupied. The Thirty-eighth Illinois was immediately 
deployed as support. The Eighty-tirst Indiana rallied and 
charged the enemy, driving the lines back handsomely. The 
brigade was then withdrawn, and marched otf to the right in 
division column, and camped at night in rear of the Fourteenth 
Corps. August 27th. continued march to the right, and went 
into position near Moimt Gilead Chuivh. August 2Sth, con- 
tinued march, and went into position near West Point Kailroad. 
August 2?th. occupied same position: Thirty-first Indiana en- 
gaged in destroying railroad track. August 30th, man?hed to a 
position near Mud Creek. August 31st, drove the enemy's 
skirmishers frv^ni works on the bank of creek, and camped one 
mile west of Macon Kailroad. September 1st, marched down 
Macon Eailroad, destroying track. About 3.30 P. M., became 
ensatred with the enemv's skirmisheis, and drove them steadilv 



In the War of the Rebellion. 81 

before us to their main line, near Jonesboro; formed junction 
with Fourteenth Army Corps battle-line, and moved upon the 
enemy; became very spiritedly engaged, driving the enemy into 
his works. JSTightfall compelled us to cease our efforts. During 
the night intrenched. The enemy withdrew during the night. 
September 2d, pursued the enemy through Jonesboro, coming 
up to him again near Lovejoy's; wont into position, and drove 
his skirmishers back to his main line of works. Again night 
compelled cessation of work. September 3d, was placed in re- 
serve to Second and Third Brigades; occupied same position 
until evening of the 5th, when we withdrew and marched to 
present position on Augusta Railroad, arriving September 8th, 
P.M. 

In the early part of this arduous campaign this brigade lost 
by sickness the valuable ser^-ices and directions of its proper 
commander, Brigadier-General Cruft. For its comparative suc- 
cess since then I am indebted to the intelligent and untiring- 
efforts of the regimental commanders. I am truly under lasting 
obligations to these officers for their cheerful and prompt execu- 
tion of all orders, and for their indefatigable zeal and watchful- 
ness by day and night. To the line officei*s and men more than 
thanks are due. They have labored and fought cheerfully and 
gallantly when physical energies seemed taxed beyond endur- 
ance. We mourn the loss of gallant comrades to the number 
of 6 commissioned officers and 53 enlisted men killed, and sym- 
pathize with 22 commissioned officers and 343 enlisted men 
wounded, and 15 men missing. Lieutenant-Colonel N§ff, Thirty- 
first Indiana; Major Angle, Ninetieth Ohio; and Captain Eber- 
sole. One Hundred and First Ohio; and Captain Harris, Thirty- 
eighth Illinois, fell in front of T\enesaw; Captain Rains, Nine- 
tieth Ohio, in front of Atlanta; and Lieutenant Hosmer, One 
Hundred and First Ohio, in the dark gorge at Rocky Face. 
Brave, gallant, accomplished gentlemen,, whose memory their 
comrades will never cease to revere, and whose virtues their 
highest aim will be to emulate. 

I must bear testimony of the invaluable aid rendered by the 
pioneer detachments of this brigade. They seemed to have been 



82 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

selected for their gallant and earnest enthusiasm in the cause. 
I offer niy thanks to Lieutenant Petticord, One Hundred and 
First Ohio, and Lieutenant Graham, Eighty-first Indiana, pio- 
neer officers. 

To make mention of the officers and men of this brigade 
distinguished for gallantry would be to make out almost a com- 
plete muster-roll; but I can, without detriment to the other gal- 
lant men, call attention to Captain Sutphin, Ninetieth Ohio; 
Captain Latimer, One Hundred and First Ohio ; Lieutenant Ford, 
Thirty-first Indiana, as officers deserving more than thanks. 

To all the members of my staff I am under obligations for 
the prompt and energetic nianner in which they have discharged 
their duties. Particularly am I indebted to Lieutenant Felton, 
Ninetieth Ohio, aide-de-camp, and Lieutenant Stevens, Eighty- 
first Indiana, assistant inpector-general. Always correct in their 
judgment, always on the front line when there was work to do, 
rendering active and invaluable assistance, and untiring in their 
efforts. 

I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

I. M. KIRBY, 
Captain E. D. Mason, Colonel Commanding. 

Ass't Adjt. Gen., First Division, Fourth Corps. 

From the report of Major-General David S. Stanley, who 
commanded the First Division, Fourth Corps, from the com- 
mencement of the Atlanta campaign to July 26, 1864, we make 
the following extracts: 

"I have the honor to state that at 12 M. on the 3d day of 
May, the First Division, under my command, marched from its 
camp at Blue Springs, under orders to move to Catoosa Springs. 
The division took the main road to Dalton, and camped the same 
night one mile south of Red Clay. 

"Marching early the next morning, we reached Catoosa 
Springs at noon, near Dr. Lee's house. General McCook's cav- 
alry, which was in advance of the infantry, exchanged shots with 
the rebel pickets, who ran away in the direction of Tunnel Hill. 
We remained in camp the 5th and 6th, and on the morning of 
the Yth marched for Tunnel Hill, this division leading. After 



In the War of the Rehellion. 83 

passing Dr. Lee's house, the main road leading down the base of 
Kocky Face was taken. Skirmishers were deployed, and the 
enemy's skirmishers were soon encountered. We found the road 
obstructed by fallen trees; but all difficulties were soon over- 
come, and we soon found ourselves in sight of the enemy's in- 
trenchments upon Tunnel Hill. As the force of the enemy was 
entirely uncertain, Brigadier-General Cruft, wdth the First Bri- 
gade, was directed to attack the line in front, and Brigadier- 
General W. C. Whitaker, with the Second Brigade, was sent to 
move down the ridge near Rocky Face, and attack in flank. This 
movement at once dislodged the rebels, who seemed to have only 
cavalry and artillery. Captain Simonson, chief of artillery, who 
promptly brought forward a section of rifled guns of the Fifth 
Indiana Battery, had a few fine shots at the retiring cavalry, and 
hurried their pace. The division was formed in line of battle 
facing east, having before us Rocky Face, the summit of which 
we could observe occupied by the enemy in quite strong force. 
In getting possession of Tunnel Hill, the division lost four men 
wounded. 

"Early on the next morning of the 8th, the division advanced 
in line of battle within four hundred or five hundred yards of 
Rocky Face. The enemy still held some round hills intrenched 
at the entrance of Buzzard Roost Gap, from which they annoyed 
the division by a flank fire. In the afternoon, General Davis 
formed a force to charge these hills, and Captain Simonson 
turning his batteries upon them, they very easily fell into our 
hands. The skirmishers of this division advanced with those of 
General Davis's Division, driving the rebels into their intrench- 
ments, and developing the fulb strength of the position before 
us. Early the next morning our skirmishers pushed up to the 
foot of the palisades under cover of the brushwood, and main- 
tained a constant fire mth the enemy all day. In the evening I 
received orders to press the enemy strongly in the gorge of Buz- 
zard Roost. This duty was assigned Colonel Champion with his 
own regiment (the iSFinety-sixth Illinois), and Eighty-fourth In- 
diana, Lieutenant-Colonel J^eff. Our men drove the rebels 
quickly to their main lines, and pushed up to the foot of the per- 



84 The Thirty-first Indiana Hegiment 

pendicular rocks of the mountain, and maintained themselves 
until niglit, when all but the pickets were withdrawn. The fire 
of the enemy was severe, much of it coming almost from over- 
head. Our loss in this affair was fifty or sixty men killed and 
wounded. Major Boyd, Eighty-fourth Indiana, a brave and 
devoted ofiicer, here received a mortal wound. During the 10th 
we occupied our position, slight skirmishing going on. The 
enemy varied the performance by throwing shells into the valley 
we occupied from some howitzers they had dragged to the top 
of the ridge. On the morning of the 11th, we made arrange- 
ment to relieve General Davis's Division in the occupancy of 
the hills commanding the entrance to Buzzard Roost Gap. 
It being reported that the enemy was leaving, a re- 
connaissance was ordered toward evening. This was made 
by the First Brigade, Brigadier-General Crufts commanding. 
The Thirty-first Indiana and One Hundred and First Ohio 
were deployed as skirmishers, and, pushing boldly forward, 
drove the enemy from his first line (an intrenched picket-line); 
but were met by a heavy fire of musketry and artillery. 

Our men maintained their position until dark, and 
during the night, having relieved General Davis's troops, we 
threw up works facing those of the enemy, and about six hundred 
yard's from them. This reconnaissance cost us, as upon the 9th, 
about fifty men killed and wounded. During the 12th we 
watched the enemy closely, the Fourth being the only corps be- 
fore Dalton. Early on the morning of the 13th we learned the 
rebels had left their works. 

"As soon as the evacuation of his works by the enemy was 
known, we started in pursuit. Passing through Dalton we moved 
down the Sugar Valley road. The enemy left but little behind 
him but his well-built earthworks. A few cavalry opposed our 
progress. We camped at night about nine miles south of Dalton, 
camping in line of battle, facing toward Tilton, our backs to 
Rocky Face. On the morning of the 14th, the division marched 
towards Tilton, to ascertain if any of the enemy remained in 
that direction. Upon reaching the main Dalton and Resaca 
road, I received orders to move south toward Resaca, this divis- 



In the War of the Rebellion. 85 

ion being the only one on that road, and forming the left flank 
of the army. The division advanced to within about two and a 
half miles of Resaca, di-iving in the skirmishers of the enemy; 
but as Wood's Division, on our right, had not yet come up, and 
as firing was heard in rear of our right, the division was halted, 
and directed to barricade. At two P. M., Wood advanced, and 
made connection with the right of this division, and we advanced 
together until stopped by the heavy fire of artillery coming from 
the enemy's works. I received about this time an order from the 
general commanding the corps to hold the Dalton road running 
by my left flank. To do this I stationed Cruft's Brigade upon 
the left of the road, posting two of his regiments upon a round- 
top hill about one hundred yards from the road, and directing 
them to intrench themselves. These troops were not yet in 
position when the enemy was seen forming to attack them in 
flank, and word was at once sent the corps and department com- 
manders of the fact. In the meantime, Simonson's Battery, 
which had been advanced, was as a matter of caution withdrawn, 
and posted to sweep the open ground to the rear of the threatened 
brigade. The attack came about an hour before sundown, and 
perpendicular to my line. The Thirty-first Indiana, stationed 
upon the round-topped hill, found itself fired into from three 
directions. They did the best they could under the circum- 
stances; they got out of the way with such order as troops can 
hurrying through a thick brush. 

''Directing their attack more to our rear than flank, 
the One Hundred and First Ohio and Eighty-first Indiana 
were soon driven back, and the enemy was bursting exultingly 
upon the open field when Simonson opened on them with can- 
ister, which soon broke and dispersed their attack. The enemy 
formed in the woods, and attempted to cross the open field again, 
but met the same savage shower of canister. Robinson's Bri- 
gade, of the Twentieth Corps, had also arrived, and formed 
facing the attack. The broken regiments of the First Brigade 
had re-formed near the battery, and the enemy was easily re- 
pulsed, with very severe loss to him. The troops of the brigade 
did as well as could be expected, situated as they were. Attacked 



86 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

in the flank and greatly outnumbered, tliey could only get out 
of the way the best they could. Had it not been for the timely 
aid of the battery, it would have gone hard with the brigade. 
Captain Simonson and the Fifth Indiana Battery deserve great 
praise ; their conduct was splendid. The coming up of the Twen- 
tieth Corps was also timely, though, in my opinion, the fire of 
the battery was itself adequate to the successful repulse of the 
enemy. The night and the day following, our lines were ad- 
justed and strengthened, and a constant fire was kept up upon 
the enemy. The division was formed ready to follow up General 
Hooker's attack, had he broken the enemy's lines. Artillery fir- 
ing was kept up during the night upon the rebel position. About 
eleven o'clock the rebels made a demonstration on our pickets, 
occasioning a general discharge of cannon and muskets along 
the whole line. Early on the next morning, the lt3th, it was 
found the enemy had evacuated under cover of the night. The 
loss of the division about Resaca, killed, wounded, and missing, 
amounted to two hundred. 

"Early on the morning of the 16th the pursuit was com- 
menced. Finding the bridges at Resaca destroyed, this division 
built a temporary foot-bridge upon the ruins of the railroad 
bridge over the Oostenaula, and pushed on, the same evening 
camping near Calhoun, On the 17th, marched in rear of IsTew- 
ton's Division, and formed line on his left at five P. M., three 
miles north of Adairsville, where the enemy had made a stand. 
On the 18th, passed through Adairsville, getting considerably 
entangled with the Army of the Tennessee, and camped at Cox's 
house. Early on the morning of the 19th, the division took up 
the line of march for Kingston. The cavalry pickets of the 
enemy were soon encountered, and driven before us through 
Kingston. We found them posted in considerable force upon 
the hills east of Kingston, beyond the crossing of the creek. 
Cruft's and Whitaker's Brigades were formed ,in line facing the 
enemy, and Colonel Grose was instructed to feel his way down to 
the left of the railroad', and drive him from his position. This 
was readily accomplished after some severe skirmishing. The 
enemy upon the main Cassville road gave back very stubbornly, 



In the War of the Rebellion. 87 

and at a point about three miles from Cassville the enemy was 
discovered, formed in three lines of battle perpendicular to the 
road, and very soon after the appearance of the head of the 
column the entire rebel line advanced toward us. The division 
was deployed hastily as possible, batteries were put in position, 
and other troops were coming up to form upon the flanks of the 
division, when the enemy was seen withdrawing. Some volleys 
from rilled cannon caused them to move off in a good deal of 
confusion, and the whole division advanced in line to the rebel 
position. Finding the enemy had left, the division moved on in 
accordance with orders, with a view of reaching Cassville. When 
within about a mile of that place, and while changing direction 
of the skirmishers, the head of the column received a sudden 
volley from the enemy across an open field. The division was 
again deployed, and as night had arrived, the men were in- 
structed to fortify their positions. Very sharp skirmishing was 
kept up the early part of the night, and early in the morning we 
foimd the enemy had again abandoned his works, and retired 
across the Etowah. 

"From the evening of the 19th to the morning of the 23d 
we remained in camp at Cassville, preparing for our movement 
upon Dallas and Marietta. The order was to take twenty days' 
rations; but this division was only enabled, from limited trans- 
portation, to carry seventeen days. The division crossed the 
Etowah the evening of the 23d, and encamped near Euharlee. 
]\Iade a tedious day's march on the 24th, reaching camp two 
miles from Burnt Hickory at ten o'clock at night in a rain- 
storm. On the 25th, we marched to Dallas, keeping the roads 
to the right of the main road. At three P. M. were ordered to 
close up rapidly, as General Hooker had found the enemy in 
force. We crossed the Pumpkin Vine near sunset, and at night 
closed up to Hooker's left. On the 26th, Colonel Grose's Brig- 
ade went into line on the left of Geary's Division. Wo also put 
in a battery to play upon the enemy's lines. Early on the 27th, 
moved the division to the left to relieve Wood's Division, which 
moved off to the left to attempt to turn the enemy's right. The 
position of the division here remained substantially the same 



88 The Thirty-first Indiana JRegiment 

until the night of the 4th of June, during which time the enemy 
evacuated his line. 

"Cruft's Brigade was started back to Kingston, as escort to 
the wagon train of the corps, on the 30th. On the night of the 
3d of June we relieved half of Davis's front on the left of this 
division. Our time was constantly employed, whilst in this 
position, in pushing out works, by successive advances, close to 
the enemy ; and a constant fire of musketry and artillery was kept 
up whenever we could annoy the enemy. The 5th we lay in 
camp near ISTew Hope Church. On the 6th the division moved 
on the Acworth road to the vicinity of Morris Hill Chapel. The 
division remained in position at Morris Hill until the morning 
of the 10th, when, moving through the lines of the Twentieth 
Corps, on the Marietta road, we soon struck the pickets of the 
enemy. Pushing forward, the enemy was found in force, with 
an intrenched line extending across the summit of Pine Top 
Mountain. The division was formed facing this line of the 
enemy, and intrenched in full view and under easy cannon-range 
of them. This position we maintained with some modifications 
until the morning of the 15th. On the 14th the position of the 
enemy was sharply cannonaded by all our batteries, and, as we 
learned subsequently, the second shot fired from a rifled section 
of the Fifth Indiana Battery exploded in a group of rebel Gen- 
erals, killing Lieutenant-General Leonidas Polk. Early in the 
morning of the 15th it was found the enemy had abandoned his 
work on Pine Top. Th^ position was at once occupied by our 
skinnishers, and it was learned that Pine Top was an advanced 
work, the main rebel line being in the rear and connecting Kene- 
saw and Lost Mountain. Shortly after noon the division was 
formed in column of attack, following the Second Division; but 
the General commanding the corps having decided an attack 
impracticable at that point where the head of the column struck 
the rebel line, this division formed in line and intrenched oppo- 
site to the rebel position. On the 16th, the line was advanced 
under severe fire. A heavy cannonade was kept up upon the 
rebel position all day. While laying out a position for a battery 
this day, Captain Peter Simonson, Fifth Indiana Battery, Chief 



In the AYar of the Rebellion. 89 

of Artillery, was instantly killed by a sharpshooter. This was 
an irreparable loss to the division. I have not, in my military 
experience, met with an officer who was the equal of this one 
in energy, efficiency, and ingenuity in the handling of artillery. 
He never missed an opportunity and allowed no difficulties to 
deter him from putting in his batteries in every position that 
he could prove annoying or destructive to the enemy. On the 
morning of the 17th, it was found the enemy had again evacu- 
ated his line, and we advanced to find that he had abandoned his 
hold on Lost Mountain with his left. Again we had the experi- 
ence of feeling for the position of the rebels, and found him, as 
usual, strongly intrenched on one of the small branches of 
ISToyes's Creek. On the ISth, the rain poured in torrents. 
Kirby's Brigade was sent to support General ISTewton's Division, 
which engaged the enemy's lines closely all day. This night the 
enemy abandoned his line, and on the 19th we moved forward, 
and found him in his intrenched line of Kenesaw Mountain. 
Our lines pushed up close to the rebel position, and intrenched 
during the night, Grose's Brigade on the left, Whitaker's in the 
center, and Kirby's on the right. These positions were gained 
after severe skirmishing. During the 20th we strengthened 
our position, and at four P. M. we made a demonstration with a 
strong line of skirmishers on our whole line. Colonel Price, in 
command of General Whitaker's skinnishers, gallantly charged 
the hill in his front, and took it, with a number of prisoners. 
General Whitals;er's main line was ordered to be established on 
the picket-line captured from the enemy. The pioneers had 
only time to throw up a few rails, when the enemy advanced in 
strong force to repossess their line. Our men at once stood to 
arms, and after a sharp contest repulsed them. At sundown the 
enemy repeated his attempt, and was again severely repulsed. 
]^ot satisfied, about eight o'clock at night they made another 
determined attack, carrying a part of our line occupied by the 
Thirty-fifth Indiana. 

"The good behavior of the Mnetieth Ohio, which coolly 
formed a flank and poured a fire into the rebel force which had 
broken our line, saved the brigade. The Fortieth Ohio was 



90 ' The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

brought up, and charged the rebel force which had broken 
through, restoring our lines. ' This affair, which was a very 
severe fight, reflects great credit upon Whitaker's Brigade. The 
men fought with great coolness and resolution. The loss in the 
brigade was quite severe. Five field officers were killed, 
wounded, and missing, and the loss in the affair amounted to 
two hundred and fifty men. Colonel Kirby's Brigade carried 
the bald hill in his front; but the enemy rallied and drove him 
back. This occurred three times, when, night having arrived, T 
directed the contest to stop. On the morning of the 21st, Col- 
onel Kirby was ordered to retake the hill for which he contended 
the d'ay before. As General "Wood's Division moved forward 
at the same time, this was accomplished with slight loss. During 
the 22d the division remained in position, excepting five regi- 
ments of Colonel Grose's Brigade, which marched to the right 
to relieve part of Butterfield's Division. At night General 
King's Division of the Fourteenth Corps relieved us, and we, in 
turn, relieved Butterfield's Division by daylight in the morn- 
ing. AVe occupied the day strengthening our position, and 
about five P. M. formed strong picket-line and charged that of 
the enemy, capturing about forty of them. Shortly afterwards 
the enemy made a counter-charge, and, outflanking the skir- 
mishers of Whitaker's Brigade, forced them back. Our loss in 
the affair was about sixty men. During the 24th, 25th, and 26th, 
our lines were a little advanced and improved. Our position was 
in easy musket-range of the enemy. 

"On the morning of the 27th, it having been determined to 
attack the enemy from the front of the First Division, this divis- 
ion was selected as the support of the assaulting columns of the 
Second Division, which was selected to lead the assault. Whit- 
aker's and Kirby's Brigades were formed in columns' of regi- 
ments; Grose's Brigade, to hold the line of breastworks, was 
deployed. From the failure of the assault the troops of tliis 
division were not engaged. Kirby's Brigade only passing out 
of the works, and yet so severe was the fire of the enemy, that 
the division lost over one hundred men killed and wounded 
while waiting the movement of the Second Division. Captain 



In the War of the Rehellion. 91 

McDowell, Company B, Independent Battery, my second chief 
of artillery, a most excellent and acomplished young officer, was 
killed while superintending his batteries, just before the as- 
sault. From this date, until the night of the 2d of July, we 
merely maintained our lines, very little firing, even between 
pickets, occurring. On the night of the 2d of July, the 
lines of the First Division were extended, relieving all of Gen- 
eral jSTewton's division. Early the morning of the 3d, finding 
the enemy gone, the division followed their trail, leading 
through Marietta, and taking the road east of the railroad lead- 
ing to Pace's Ferry. This division was in the lead, and had 
some skirmishing, and in the evening came again upon the 
enemy, intrenched at Kaff's Station. Grose's brigade alone was 
deployed, and severe skirmishing was kept up during the 
evening. About eleven o'clock on the 4th, the General com- 
manding the division having expressed a doubt of there being 
an enemy in force in front of us, orders were given to feel the 
position strongly. To this end a strong skirmish-line, well sup- 
ported, was deployed, and advanced at charge-step over the 
open corn-field against the enemy's rifle-pits, which were plainly 
visible and very strong. Colonel Grose's skirmishers, having 
the least distance to move to strike the enemy, at once came 
under a most galling fire. The day being very hot, the men 
dropped down to gain breath, after making half the distance; 
but as soon as a little rested, they were rallied by the brave 
Captain Hale, Seventy-fifth Illinois Infantry, commanding the 
skirmish-line, and dashed forward, broke the rebel line, and at 
once occupied their pits. The main lines of the division were 
moved up at once, and established themselves on the late 
rebel picket-line undter the severest and most continued cannon- 
ade the rebels had ever used upon us. Our loss in this afTair 
was one hundred men killed and wounded. We took fifty 
prisoners of the enemy. This same night the enemy abandoned 
his line, and withdrew to the river, and on the 5th the division 
followed in rear of the corps on the railroad, and took position 
on the Chattahoochee, above Pace's Ferry. From the 5th un- 
til the 10th, we remainerl resting in camp, occasionally shelling 



92 The Thirty-Jlrst Indiana Regintent 

the rebels across tlie river, and picketing tlie river and islands. 
On the 10th, the division moved up to Soap Creek, and bivou- 
acked near the pontoon bridges thrown across by General 
Schofield. 

"On the morning of the 12th, the division crossed on the 
pontoon bridge laid for the Army of the Ohio, and, moving 
down the river, occupied and fortified a prominent ridge 
covering Power's Ferry. The rest of the coi-ps having crossed 
and taken position, the 14th, 15th, and 16th were occupied in 
building a bridge over the Chattahoochee. This was well done 
by Major "Watson, Seventy-fifth Illinois, with the pioneeers and 
Thirty-sixth Indiana. On the morning of the 18th, we marched 
for Atlanta, marching via Buck Head. We encamped that 
night at Buck Head, and the next morning sent a regiment on 
a reconnaissance to Peach-tree Creek. Finding but little re- 
sistance, the division was crossed over the north fork of Peach 
Tree on bridges rebuilt by us, and encamped in line facing At- 
lanta. Earh^ on the morning of the 20th, we marched on the 
Decatur road to the match factory, when, turning to the right, 
we crossed the south fork of Peach Tree. Rebuilding the bridge 
burnt by the enemy, and driving his skirmishers back, we 
forced him from his intrenched skirmish-line and back to his 
main line, near Wright's house. The enemy made an effort in 
the afternoon to retake his picket-line, but was badly repulsed; 
and late in the evening. Colonel Suman, Ninth Indiana, 
charged their picket-line further to our right, and took forty- 
three prisoners without losing a man. 

"During the 21st, we improved our line, skirmishing with 
the rebels all d'ay. Captain Snodgrass, Fortieth Ohio, was 
killed. The enemy evacuated his line during the night, and 
early in the morning. Colonel Grose's brigade leading, we fol- 
lowed, and soon came upon the enemy again in force, in their 
intrenchments of Atlanta. The entire division was deployed, 
and advanced, under a very annoying artillery-fire, to the near- 
est point we could occupy without driving the enemy from his 
lines, and breastworks were thrown up to shelter the men from 
the enemy's shells. This same day, the rebels attacked the 



In the War of the Rehellion. 9J^ 

Army of the Tennessee heavily upon the left, but made no 
demonstration upon our position. 

''From this, until the night of the 2Gth, the division was 
engaged in strengthening our position, and especially in con- 
structing a strong abatis, as it was probable that the division 
would be required to hold a very long line, in consequence of 
the withdrawal of troops toward our right. On the 26th, Colo- 
nels Taylor and Kirby's brigades were sent to occupy the reverse 
lines, to the left of the Twenty-third Army Corps. On the same 
evening, the command of the Fourth Anny Corps was trans- 
ferred to me, and my connection with the First Division, as 
commander, ceased. 

"I have thus imperfectly traced out the marches, fights, and 
labors of the division. It would be difficult to give a description 
which would adequately show the services rendered for nearly 
three months. But few days had passed, that every man of the 
division was not under fire, both of artillery and musketry. ]^o 
one could say any hour, that he would be living the next. Men 
were killed in their camps, at their meals; and several cases hap- 
pened, where men were struck by musket-balls in their sleep, 
and passing at once from sleep into eternity. So many men 
were daily struck in the camp and trenches, that men became 
utterly reckless, passing about where balls were striking, as 
though it was their normal life, and making a joke of a naiTow 
escape or a noisy, whistling ball. 

''We lost many valuable officers. Colonel Price, Twenty- 
first Kentucky; Colonel Champion and Lieutenant-Colonel 
Smith, Ninety-sixth Illinois, were all severely w^ounded in the 
fight of Whitaker's Brigade on the 20th of June. Major Duf- 
ficy. Thirty-fifth Indiana, a gallant and daring officer, was 
mortally wounded; and Lieutenant-Colonel Watson, Fortieth 
Ohio, captured in the same afi^air. Lieutenant-Colonel ISTeff, 
Thirty-first Indiana, a most excellent officer, was killed by one 
of those chance bullets, so destructive to us during our occu- 
pation of trenches in front of Ivenesaw Mountain, 

"To mention all the officers deserving of special notice for 
zeal and good conduct in this long and arduous campaign,. 



94^ The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

would require the naming of the great majority of the officei-s 
of the division." 

When General Stanley took command of the Fourth Corps, 
Brigadier-General Nathan Kimball assumed command of the 
First Division. He made an official report of the transactions of 
the division from the time he took command until September 8, 
1864; but his report is very general, and deals almost exclu- 
sively with the command as brigades. 

ISTeither General Stanley nor Colonel Kirby does the Thirty- 
first Regiment justice in their reports. At one time the 
Thirty-first Regiment, alone, captured a line of rebel pickets, 
who were strongly intrenched in rifie-pits, without losing a man, 
and who numbered more than the whole division had captured at 
any one time. The regiment was complimented in Special Or- 
ders; but the fact is not mentioned by either of the command- 
ers in their reports. 

Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph S. FuUerton, Assistant Adjutant- 
General, of the Fourth Army Corps, kept a daily journal of 
the Atlanta Campaign, in which the important events of the 
entire coi-ps are faithfully recorded. He says, under date of 
August 5th, after heavy firing had been heard in front of 
Generals Schofield and Palmer, and it was suspicioned that the 
rebels had weakened their lines on their right: "At five P. M., 
Colonel Smith's regiment — Thirty-first Indiana — was sent out 
to the left on a reconnaissance to move toward the Augusta 
railroad. After Colonel Smith had gone six hundred yards, he 
came up with the enemy's skirmishers, and he quickly drove 
them back to their main works. Soon he discovered one regi- 
ment of the enemy moving out to his left, and another to his 
right, and he slowly fell back to our works." 

The order for this reconnaissance was given by General 
Kimball in person, who shook hands, bidding us farewell, with 
tears running down his cheeks. We inquired about the cause 
of his trouble, when he replied, that the result of obeying that 
order would be the destruction of the regiment. We replied 
that there were nearly a hundred thousand men there around 
Atlanta, and that we were ready and willing to do our share 





CAPTAIN NOAH BEOWN. 
Company H. 



JAMES C. BEELER. 

Quartermaster. 





GEORGE M. NOBLE. 
Adjutant. 



M. T. KELLEY 
Company I. ' 



In the War of the Behellion. 97 

of the work in destroying the rebel army; but that we did not pro- 
pose to destroy the regiment simply in trying to obey an order; 
that, at the end of an honest effort, we would stop. 

After we had got within full view of the rebel rifle-pits, a 
portion of the regiment was deployed into a skirmish-line, and 
we advanced; but, on getting within easy musket-range, the 
rebels abandoned their pits, and marched back to their main 
line. The regiment advanced to within a hundred and fifty 
yards of the rebel works, when it was halted, and we approached 
the works, near enough to talk to the rebels in their woi-ks. We 
had not passed along their line very far until we discovered 
the regiment was moving back. The rebels very kindly noti- 
fied us, not to go back, and invited us to come in. We replied 
that, for several days, we had been thinking about coming in, 
and to please give us a little time. Just ahead of us, a short 
distance, was a ravine, and we found it quite difiicult to walk 
leisurely, until we reached the ravine; but, when once there, 
we made long, rapid strides to the rear. After passing the rebel 
rifle-pits, the rebels threw a few solid shot, some of which came 
dangerously near us, but no one was hurt. Our escape grew 
out of the fact that the rebels thought they could throw a force 
around us in such a way, that they could capture the entire 
command, and sent out lines, both to our right and left; but 
they failed to make connection. We were enabled to make 
report of their number of siege-guns and batteries, the charac- 
ter of their works, and apparent force. General Grose called 
in question the correctness of the report, and he and General 
Kimball had some pretty hot words in relation to it; and as a 
result. General Grose was sent out the next day to verify the 
report with his brigade. He made a vigorous attack on the 
rebel rifle-pits on the same ground, and was unable to move 
them. He lost about thirty men wounded. After the fall of 
Atlanta, we had the pleasure of inspecting these works along 
with General Grose and Major Brant, of the Eighty-fifth In- 
diana Regiment, and the General frankly admitted the correct- 
ness of the report, and so informed General Kimball. 

May 3, 1864, we broke camp at Ooltawah, Georgia, about 



98 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

noon, and took up the line of marcli towards Ringgold, and 
arrived at Catoosa Springs about noon the next day; and here 
we joined the rest of the division. In the afternoon, we moved 
out about two miles, and camped on a high ridge, south of 
Catoosa Springs. This afternoon we had some skirmishing with 
rebel cavalry. We remained here in camp the 5th and 6th, 
and the morning of the 7th found us on the march for 
Tunnel Hill, our division being in the advance, and our brigade 
in the advance of the division. We had not moved far until 
we commenced skirmishing, which was kept up all the way to 
Tunnel Hill, the road being obstructed in every conceivable 
manner by fallen trees. We reached Tunnel Hill about noon, 
and, after some very sharp skirmishing and heavy artillery firing, 
we passed through the town a short distance, and bivouacked for 
the night. The morning of the 8th, we soon found the enemy 
strongly posted at Rocky Face, and still holding some of the 
hills, on which they were intrenched, at the entrance of 
Buzzard Roost Gap and along Chattahoochee JMountain. Our 
corps was halted in front of the Gap, and remained here until 
the morning of the 13th, having more or less skirmishing every 
day. On the evening of the 11th, the brigade was ordered 
to charge Rocky Face. The Thirty-first Indiana and the One 
Hundred and First Ohio constituted the front line of battle. 
The face of the mountain was so steep, and the fire of the en- 
emy was so severe, that the troops had to be drawn off after 
dark. In this fight the regiment lost two men killed and eighteen 
wounded. The 12th, the regiment was engaged in throwing up 
breastworks in front of the Gap. The morning of the 13th, 
it was ascertained that the enemy had evacuated his works, - 
and had fallen back. We marched immediately through the 
Gap, and passed through Dalton, and bivouacked on the road 
leading to Resaca. During the night we intrenched, there 
having been sharp fighting to our left. The 14-th, marched 
on in pursuit of the enemy, and were soon engaged with his 
skirmishers, driving them back. We were now heading towards 
Tilton, and followed the Tilton road until we reached the main 
Dalton and Resaca road, when we turned south, our division 



In the War of the Eehellion. 99 

being the only troops on that road, and forming the left flank 
of the anny — our brigade being the extreme left. We had ad- 
vanced to a point within about two miles of Eesaca, and had 
been driving the skirmishers of the enemy the most of the day. 
With a view of holding the Daltou road, and protecting the 
flank of the army, the brigades of our division were in detach- 
ments—our brigade being' still to the left of the Dalton road. 
The Thirty-first Regiment being sent up on a round-topped hill, 
with orders to intrench, and hold the hill at every hazard. 
After a sharp skirmish, the liill was taken without loss, and 
skirmishers were advanced; but they soon encountered several 
lines of battle, and troops were rapidly passing around to our 
left. Word had been sent to the brigade commander that the 
hill could not be held twenty minutes. The orders sent back 
were but a repetition — to hold the hill at every hazard. We 
immediately sent the Orderly back with the word that we could 
not hold the place ten minutes. The orderly had scarcely 
started, when we discovered Colonel E'eff about-facing the 
three left companies. Inasmuch as we had three lines of battle 
in our front, we knew the emergency that required that action 
must be great, so we stepped quickly a half dozen steps to the 
rear, and, to our amazement, we found two lines of battle climb- 
ing the hill in our rear, and very near the top. The command 
was given, "By the right flank, double-quick; every fellow for 
himself!" and much quicker than it can be told, every man of 
the regiment, except two, came off— William E. Boon, of Com- 
pany F, and , of Company — , were unwell, and 

thought they could not run, so they were captured. The regi- 
ment had been cautioned, and told that, in the event it had to 
come off the hill in confusion, to halt at the Dalton road, and 
form a skirmish line, hold the enemy in check, and fall back 
as it was forced to. The regiment reached the road, all at about 
the same time; and skirmishing immediately began. It was 
then discovered that we had but few ramrods. While on the 
hill, the men were so hotly engaged that they did not take time 
to return rammer, but stuck it into the ground, and their 
departure was so sudden, that the rammers were left. We 

LofC. 



100 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

liad been at the road but a very few minutes when a young 
officer rode up, and directed us to march back across "a field, and 
support a battery. The regiment passed out of the wood on 
quick time, and then went double-quick across the field, and 
formed in line to the left of the Fifth Indiana Battery. By 
the time this was accomplished, the rebels, in three lines of 
battle, marched exultingly out of the wood into the field, with 
their guns at right-shoulder shift, as though they were going 
on parade. They had come about half across the field — prob- 
ably within one hundred and fifty yards — when the battery 
opened. After the first fire, we could see nothing in consequence 
of the smoke from the guns. A few rounds were fired, and the 
smoke rose up, and not a man could be seen standing up. Just 
at this time General Hooker rode up, and deployed a brigade of 
his (Twentieth) Corps, and advanced, and retook the hill. The 
Thirty-first Eegiment gathered up the dead and wounded, result 
of the work of the battery. There were two hundred and sixty- 
eight dead, and probabl}^ twice that number wounded. A de- 
tail of one man from each company was sent out for ramrods, 
and very soon each man returned with an armload. The entire 
brigade suffered more or less confusion, as each regiment was 
more or less detached, completely flanked, and contending with 
such a superior force. As night had come on, we moved to 
the right, and bivouacked in rear of the division. During the 
most of the day, the 15th, there was heavy fighting, more or less 
along the whole line. Early in the morning of the 16th, it was 
ascertained that the rebels had evacuated under cover of the 
night, and the pursuit was immediately commenced. The regi- 
ment marched through their works, and on through Resaca, 
and crossed the Oostenaula River on an improvised foot-bridge 
on the ruins of the railroad-bridge. The rear of the rebel 
army was closely pressed until night, when we bivouacked, near 
Calhoun. The 17th, we continued to press the rear of the rebel 
army, and had some sharp skirmishing. Companies F and Gr 
were side skirmishers. The 18th, the regiment was rear guard 
for the entire corps train. Did not get started until noon, and 
marched all night, passing through Adairsville. The regiment 



In the War of the liebellion. 101 

slept about an hour, and was into line on the 19th, and took 
position in the front line. About ten A. M., we arrived at 
Kingston, and scarcely passed through the town until heavy 
skimiishing and artillery firing commenced, and continued the 
remainder of the day. We were pressing the enemy closely, 
and moved in line of battle, over hills, across hollows, and 
through brush and briers. The army settled down at night 
to rest, with heavy skirmishing in front. The two next 
days we rested. On the 23d, two P. M., we were again 
on the march, and crossed the Etowah River, and contin- 
ued our march until eight o'clock at night, and camped near 
Euharlee. Made a tedious day's march on the 24th, and went 
into camp a couple of miles from Burnt Hickory. The night 
was extremely dark, and it rained quite hard, and a large number 
of men fell out of line, and did not get in until next morning. 
On the 25th, at ten A. M., marched for Dallas, keeping the 
roads to the right of the main road. In the afternoon, we 
crossed the Pumpkin-vine Creek, and at night closed up to 
Hooker's left, he having had a pretty heavy engagement \vith 
the enemy at Dallas Woods. The 26th, the army was 
maneuvering and getting into position all day, with heavy skir- 
mishing on the front line. The morning of the 27th, the 
Thirty-first took position on the front line, and, for awhile, 
was under a terrific artillery fire; but, during the forenoon, 
was relieved, and took position in reserve, in support of artillery. 
The 28th, moved to the left, and commenced throwing up 
breastworks close in the rear of Wood's Division. There was 
heavy skirmishing and artillery firing all day. We re- 
mained in this position until the 30th, when the regiment moved 
to the left to support some cavalry. The regiment returned late 
in the. evening, and in a short time started back to Kingston 
as escort to wagon-train of the corps; moved around the right 
of the army on to the Kingston road, a distance of about six 
miles, and camped on Pumpkin -vine Creek for the night. 

The insti-uctions as train guard were, to keep a sharp look- 
out for the enemy in the direction of Richland Creek as the 
train approached Stilesborough, and to keep the train at Kings- 



102 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

ton until the arrival of General Blair's command there, and to 
follow it back as far as he marches on the return route. 

On the 31st, again on the move with the train, and arrived 
at Kingston, June 2, 1864. On the 4th, the train was loaded, 
and started for the front, arriving at the foot of Altooney 
Mountain on the 5th. Here the Thirty-first was detailed to 
help the train up the mountain, working until midnight. We 
made slow headway the 6th, owing to recent rains and the 
rough country we had to pass over, but reached Pumpkin-vine 
Creek, and bivouacked. The Yth, had considerable corduroy- 
ing to do on the roads, as the ground was everywhere soft, and 
some places were swampy. We rejoined the division about 
two and a half miles from Acworth, near Morris Hill 
Chapel. We remained here until the morning of the 10th, 
when we marched three miles, passing the front lines. The 
Thirty-first being thrown out on the left as skirmishers, we 
soon engage the rebel skirmish-line, which we drive back two 
miles, where we find the enemy strongly posted, with an in- 
trenched line extending across the summit of Pine Top Moun- 
tain. The division was here put into position and intrenched 
in full view and easy cannon-range of them. This position we 
maintained with very little change until the morning of the 
15th. In the meantime, we continued to strengthen our works 
and skinnish with the enemy. The 14th was a rainy, disagree- 
able day, and our batteries kept up a pretty vigorous fire most 
of the day. We soon learned that a shot from the Fifth Indiana 
Battery exploded a shell in a group of rebel officers, and killing 
rebel General Leonidas Polk. This evidently exasperated the 
rebels, for they opened with their artillery on us, and a solid 
shot passed under the neck of Colonel Smith's horse, break- 
ing both bridle-reins, and, passing on to the right and rear, it 
knocked down a few panel of fence, and killed one man. On 
the morning of the 15th, we found that the enemy had, during 
the night, evacuated their position on Pine Top Mountain; and 
we moved forward, and occupied their late position, but soon 
after moved on through the woods, changing our course more 



In the War of the Rebellion. 10^ 

to the right, the rebel army being, all the time, our objective 
point. 

On the moraing of June IG, 1864, the Thirty-first went 
on to the skirmish-line, with orders to press the enemy. The 
rebel skirmishers were driven into their intrenchments, which 
were strongly built on the farther edge of a prominent ndge, 
which was some seventy-five yards wide. We determined to 
intrench on the crest of the same ridge. There was a large log 
lying in the valley, off of which we took a cut some sixteen 
feet in length, which we rolled up the hill into the line where we 
desired to erect our works. A line of men was formed, lying 
down, and a quantity of brush was passed along up the line, 
and thrown over the log. Then the shovels were kept busy, 
cutting a large ditch, and throwing the dirt o'ver onto the brush. 
This operation was repeated until the entire log had been rolled 
up the hill, and the regiment strongly intrenched, in open day- 
light, and within less than a hundred yards of the rebel works. 
The ]Srinetieth Ohio Eegiment continued the line, and by a 
little after night the two regiments were in a strong position. 
General Joe Hooker came along in the morning, just after we 
had commenced to work, and directed us to quit. He was in- 
formed that he was not in command of these troops. He then 
told us to go, and report to our commander that Joe Hooker said 
that work could not be accomplished, and for him to have 
us quit our foolishness. He came along again in the afternoon, 
dismounted, walked up, and inspected the work, and inquired 
if we had reported to our commander what he had said ; and, on 
being informed that we had not, he said, "Please, do n't say 
a word about it," and then added, "Put in that other regiment, 
and the rebels will either have to put you out of this, or else 
they will have to get away." Soon after, the rebels opened on 
us with their artillery, and it looked, for a time, that they would 
knock everything dowm that we had put up; but it was not 
long until our batteries got into position, and the rebels were 
quieted; and the night following, the enemy evacuated. The 
next morning, we moved into their works, and took our break- 



li'4 The Thirty-Jit'st Indiana J^et/iment 

fast. This Avas the line of Avorks that had been erected under 
the supervision of Governor Brown, of Georgia, for the Yankees 
to use in butting out their brains. The building of these works 
by the Thirty-lii-st, on the 16th, was one of the most gallant 
and skillful performances of the entire campaign. The work 
was done under a brisk skirmish-fire and at verv great risk, 
and vet there was not a man hurt. The credit of the thing 
was wholly due to the Thirty-fii"st Eegiment, although Colonel 
Kirby, in his otficial report, tries to deny it. He says: "June 
10th, skirmishei"s briskly engaged the entire day. During the 
day, the Thirty-fii-st Indiana and a part of the Xinetieth Ohio 
intrenched on the skirmish-line, in an open field, and iimne- 
diately under the enemy's guns, performing their work gal- 
lantly. The Xinetieth and One Htmdred and First Ohio com- 
pleted the line in the early part of the night." 

The evacuation of these works compelleii the enemy to 
loosen his hold on Lost Mountain. As soon as we had taken 
our bi-eakfast, we again started in pui-suit of the enemy; and 
after marching some three miles we found them in a strong 
position, well inti-enched. It seems as though they had all the 
coloi-ed men of the South constantly engaged in building works. 
They would evacuate a position that actually appeai-ed impreg- 
nable, and fall back but a few miles, and in less than half a 
day were in position, apparently just as sti"ong. Those moun- 
tains were admirable for defense. All afternoon there was 
heavy shirmishing, and late in tJae evening there was a regular 
artillery duel, our batteries firing '*by battery." The 18th, rain 
fell in sheets and in torrents. Our lines were advanced, and 
there was considerable fighting all along the line. In the after- 
noon, we took position in line of battle, and threw up temporary 
works. The enemy oj>ened on lis with their artillery, and made 
things quite hot for us. After nightfall, we moved a consider- 
able distance to the right. The morning of the 19th, we ad- 
vanced between two and three miles, skirmishing heavily all 
the time, the rebels falling back stubbornly. In the evening 
of the 20th, we charged a bald knob with skirmish-line, and 
captured it, and, after holding it for some time, our ammuni- 



In the Wav of the Rebellion. 105 

tion being exhausted, we had to abandon it. In this charge, the 
regiment lost one man killed and four wounded. 

In the evening, Ocnoral Stanley came to us, and said he 
was directed to take that hill with one regiment, and, as it was 
directly in our front, he guessed we would have to take it. We 
told him, if we could have our own time and way, we would 
willing-ly make the attempt. "When is your time?" was his 
inquiry, and we replied, "To-morrow morning, at daylight." 
"All right," he said, "take it to-morrow morning." The hill 
was really a kind of short, abrupt ridge, just about midway be- 
tween the two armies, and near tlio end of it, to our left, there 
was a sugar-loaf hill. From one end of the ridge to the other 
there was a continuous line of rifle-pits, occupied by a heavy 
line of pickets. Soon after dark, in company with Lieutenant- 
Colonel ISTeff, we explored the -sugar-loaf hill, and found that 
it was not occupied by the rebels; but they had a rifle-pit 
within fifteen yards of its base. We agreed that Colonel Neff 
should intrench his old company (D) on the hill. This was 
a difficult undertaking, as it was so near to the enemy's pickets, 
but it was skillfully and gallantly done. Before daylight the 
■next morning, the regiment was moved out by platoons to a 
point as near the enemy as we. could get without attracting at- 
tention, and was to lie down until six o'clock, at which time 
Company D was to open fire on the rebel picket-line, and, while 
their attention was attracted by the firing from an unexpected 
direction, the regiment was to charge the line. The whole thing 
went like clock work. We captured every man on the line — 
a number almost as large as the regiment — without firing a gun. 
We immediately went to work, facing the riilc-jiits the other 
way, and oth(M-\vise strengthening the works. The rebels 
opened On us immediately with their artillery; and it was 
here they cut down a dead tree, nearly a foot in diameter, 
with a cannon-ball, which fell lengthwise with our line and a 
very few feet in its rear; and before the thing was still, men 
enough took hold of it to pick it up and carry it into proper 
position for the breastworks, and called to the Johnnies to cut 
down that other tree that stood near by. The taking of this 



106 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

hill was considered such a clever trick, that the regiment was 
complimented in Special Orders, as follows: 

" Headquarters First Division, Fourth Army Corps, ] 

" Kexesaw Mountain, Ga., June 21, I864. J 

"Colonel,- — General Thomas has been notified by General 

Howard of your success in charging and holding the^hill in 

your front to-day, and in a note to General Howard expressed 

his gratification and thanks to the troops for the work they have 

done. Please communicate to your command the thanks of 

Generals Thomas and Stanley for the success they have 

achieved. 

"I am your obedient servant, 

" N. H. SINCLAIR, A. A. G. 
" Colonel Thirty-first Indiana." 

The 22d, we were sharply engaged, skirmishing all day. 
Late in the evening, the enemy advanced on our skirmish- 
line, and, at the same time, opened on us with a battery. The 
shells came immediately over us, and exploded very near us, 
but our works had been so strengthened that we were well 
protected. About ten o'clock P. M., we moved out about one 
mile to the right, and stacked arms in the rear of the line of 
battle, and remained imtil about eight o'clock A. M., June 
23d, when we took position in the second line of works. In 
the afternoon, we moved forward in line of battle until we 
found the enemy in his stronghold on Kenesaw Mountain. We 
immediately went to intrenching under a hot fire from the 
enemy, and had one man of Company E — William A. Lewis — 
killed while at work. The 24th, at three o'clock A. M., the 
regiment advanced to within easy musket range, and went 
actively to work fortifying the position. All day we were busy 
strengthening the works, and skirmishing. Most of the day, 
there was heavy firing all along the line. We lost three men 
killed, and constantly had to keep down behind the works for 
protection. We remained in this position until July 3d, we 
occupying the crest of a ridge, while the rebels in our front 
occupied the crest of another. Between the two lines was a 



In the War of the Rehellion. 107 

ravine, or hollow, so deep that, in looking across from one line 
to the other, you looked above the tops of some pretty good- 
sized trees that stood on the lowest ground in the hollow. It 
was about two hundred yards, down the hill on our side, and 
up on theirs. It was something like half the distance straight 
across. If a man showed half his hat above the works on either 
side for half a minute, he was very apt to get a bullet-hole 
through it. We were, virtually, prisoners, and so were they; 
and the regiment lost several men, killed and wounded, here. 

June 25, 1864. This moniing, Lieutenant-Colonel Francis 
L. ISTeff was killed. He was sitting under a chestnut-tree, where 
he and the colonel had slept the night before, reading a paper. 
The ground off to our left got lower on our side of the hollow, 
and the rebels during the night had cleared out some under- 
brush that, the evening before, covered the position he was in, 
and which left it exposed that morning. His death cast a deep 
gloom over the regiment. He was a most popular officer, and 
had the good will and confidence of all. He was companionable 
in his intercourse, and generous almost to a fault. At the or- 
ganization of the regiment, he was commissioned Firet Lieu- 
tenant of Company J). He was made Captain of said com- 
pany, July 81, 1862. He was commissioned Major of the regi- 
ment, February 11, 1863, and was commissioned Lieutenant- 
Colonel, July 15, 1863. He was killed on Kenesaw Mountain, 
in the State of Georgia, June 25, 1861. He was about thirty- 
four years of age, in the prime of life, full of ambition and hope. 
Physically, he was small in stature, rather below the medium. 
He was gentle in manner as a child, and had a heart soft and 
tender as a woman. We doubt if he had a real enemy in the 
world. He was modest in bearing and pure in life; he was 
an example of those virtues that chai'acterize the true man, 
and crown the real hero. His remains were sent to his home, 
in Sullivan, Indiana. 

The 26th, there was heavy cannonading and considerable 
musket-firing all day. Early the morning of the 27th, the 
Second Brigade of the Second Division of our corps made 
an unsuccessful assault on the rebel works in our front. Our 



108 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

brigade was under orders to support the assaulting column. 
This assault was gallantly made, the rebel skirmishers were 
quickly driven into their intrenchments, and the assaulting col- 
umn charged up within a few yards of the rebel lines; but the 
ground to be passed over was so completely obstructed with 
fallen timber, and an almost impassable abatis, and, being ex- 
posed to a crossfire of artillery and musketry, the troops fell 
back, and were withdrawn. The Thirty-first, being a part of 
the supporting column, passed over its works, and, for awhile, 
was fearfully exposed without being in position to punish the 
enemy. Wagoner's brigade lost in this affair four commissioned 
officers and thirty-five enlisted men killed, and eleven commis- 
sioned officers and one hundred and sixty-five enlisted men 
wounded. This certainly was the most inexcusable and sense- 
less assault we saw made during the war. 

The 2Sth, Colonel John T. Smith, being officer of the day, 
he and the rebel officer of the day arranged a truce, under 
which it was agreed that there should be no firing in our di- 
vision front until further notice. This arrangement was con- 
tinued for about three days, and was hugely enjoyed, as it vir- 
tually released us from prison. The same afternoon, the regi- 
ment had an opportunity to exchange its surplus coffee with 
the rebels for tobacco. The next day, there were hundreds 
of the troops met the rebels in the hollow between the lines, 
and exchanged papers, and traded coffee for tobacco. The ar- 
rangement would doubtless have continued a day or two longer, 
but our boj's got to stealing the Johnnies. The second day of 
the truce, the men of the regiment brought off fifteen rebel 
soldiers. Their plan of operation was, to take a suit of our 
uniform — -pants, blouse, and cap — in their haversack, and 
when they could find a fellow who wanted to get out, a lot of 
them would get around him and have him put on these 
clothes ovei' his, after which he could walk off with perfect in;- 
punity. After getting him up into our works, they would have 
him divest himself of these clothes, and return to repeat the 
operation. The terms of the truce at first provided that there 
should be no work done, of any kind whatever, on the fortifica- 



In the War of the Rebellion. 109 

tions on either side, but it was afterwards agreed that each 
army might do anything it desired or wanted done on their 
works, xi while after this, the Colonel was called out by the 
rebel officer of the day, and told that he must look out for 
artillery; that the enemy was putting in two guns in our im- 
mediate front, and that he could not control them, and that 
they were liable to open on us as soon as they got them 
planted. This intelligence was immediately conveyed to Gen- 
eral Stanley, and in a few minutes he and his chief of artillery 
were at our front line. We were ordered to get out on our 
front, and to pile up an immense heap of brush to conceal our 
operations. It did not require fifteen or twenty men long to 
pile up the brush, and then a couple of guns were brought up, 
and a few men were sufficient to pull the brush-pile down the 
hill, out of the way; and the two guns opened. On the top of 
the rebel works were some timbers, leaving a space under the 
timbers, through which they could fire, while the timber pro- 
tected their heads while firing. The top of the rebel works 
was lined with men, more numerous than one ever saw chickens 
on a fence after a shower. At the first shot from our guns, 
these timbers, and the men that were on them, were knocked 
several feet up into the air. After a few shots the firing ceased, 
and the guns moved back. In a little while the rebel officer of 
the day called again for the Colonel, and told him he need have 
no further fears in regard to artillery, for their guns would 
hardly make good kindling-wood. He said they intended to play 
a trick on us, and they had got beat at their own game, and if 
we had not got so many killed and hurt I would be glad of it. 
Nearly every man on those timbers was killed. "We then had 
peace until the morning of the 30th. About one o'clock A. M. 
tremendous heavy artillery and musket firing was heard on our 
right, which kept extending down the line until it reached us, 
and which was continued for some time. We had more or less 
cannonading and musketry firing until the night of the 2d of 
July, when they evacuated their position on Kenesaw Mountain. 
Early the morning of the 3d we moved out to the right of 
Marietta, and some five miles south of it, having some light 



110 Th^p TMrty-^r^t Indnitw J^f^itfifnt 

skirmishing, until in tbe ercning we again foimd the enemy in 
position. AVe advanced in line vvf battle, having heavy skirmisli- 
iug and some cannonading. We Invonackeil for the night in line 
of Kettle, July 4, IS 64. skirmishing is continued, the enemy fall- 
ing Ivaok st.ublx»rnly. In the afternoon we found the skirmish- 
ers intrenched in ritle-pit-s. As tliey seemed disposed to remain 
in their pit^ we chargvHl them, and captured a lot of prisoners. 
The reWis then beg;m to use their artillery quite freely. In the 
evening we threw up some light works, and txvupied them dur- 
ing the night, TTe had four men woundevl during the day, one 
of the men dying during the night. This afternoon, after cap- 
turing the rel>el picket or skirmish line, a detiiil was sent lv\ck 
to bring up our pack animals, as we felt by this time like it would 
be agreeable to celebrate the Fourth with some dinner. .Vbout 
a quarter of a mile to tlie rear, while Oliver Leonard, of Company 
B, was leading an old mare along, loadeil with the household and 
kitchen furniture, together with an amomit of their provisions, 
the old mare put her head down to get a bite of grass, when a 
cannon-ball took off hex head and one of Leonard's legs. The 
boys told it on him, and I guess it is a fact, that Leonard said, 
*'Ain\ tliis a hell of an out, a veteran a quarter of a mile to the 
rear, with his leg shot off?" Leonard is still living, and a mem- 
ber of the Post, at Cataract, Owen County, Indiana. 

On the morning of the 5th we foimd that the enemy had 
agjiin fallen back, and we moved forward aK>ut six miles to the 
Chattahoochee River, with but little resistance. We remained 
here near Viniug's Stativ»n, skirmisliing with the rebels acjoss 
the river, and cannonading more or less every day until the 12th, 
when we crossed the river and intrenched. We remained in this 
position until the iSth, when we adv;mceii alx>ut six miles, skir- 
misliing most of the way, and cam}>ed near Buck Head. The next 
day we crv>ssed the north fork of Peach Tree Creek. Anding very 
little opposition. The f 0th, we marched on the Decatur road 
soane three miles, and then turned to the left and crosseil the 
south fori: of Peach Tree: had some sharp skirmishing, and cap- 
tured some prisoners. The iJOth, the regiment rcmainevl in 
position all d;n-. while considerable skirmishing wns Iving done 



In flu' War of th, h\l>rllii>„. \ I 1 

in front. 'IMu>. iMst, we MdxMiiccd, drivinu llic ciumiiv into liis 
intreiu'lmuMits nrouiul .\ll:iiil;i. I'lic 'JiM, we pressed up as near 
as possible to the rohel works, and l)(\i2,aii to fortify, tlio rebels 
slielling US most of \\\o dav. (Jeiieral Hood liavinp; been put in 
conmiand of the i-ebcl anuy, lie lliat aflcruoou attacked the 
Army of tho Tennessee lieaxilv, ininieiliately to our left; but 
was defeated with terribl(> loss. 'I'he 'riiirlv-lirst lie;j,Mnient oeeu- 
piecl.a position on the (^xtrenu^ left of the Fourth ( 'orjis, and was 
to connect with the Ai'uiv of the Tennessee; but it was attacked 
before it got into position. During this engageniout General 
McPlierson was killeiL I'^-oni this time until the 2r)th of August 
we were cngugi^l in the siege of Atlanta, making various riH'on- 
naissanees, marching and eounternuirehing, and during almost 
every day doing more or less skirmisliing, and l)(>iug each day 
nnder the fire of rebel gnus. N't) n^giiufuit in tli(> service was 
more fortunate in getliug jobs. If a forage train was to bo 
gnarded, if the wagon train was to be ])ul aboai-d tlie eai-s, if a 
train had to be assisted uj) a hill, if the railroad had to In; de- 
stroyed, or anything else had to be done where only one regiment 
was employed, the lot was sure to fall to the Thirty-first Regi- 
uient. 

August 25, .1801, we (piietly withdrew from tho left, and 
marched around across the Chattanooga Railroad, and bivou- 
acked in some old works. The next uKn-ning the rebels com- 
menced skirmishing vigorously, antl at first drove our pickets 
back; but the skirmish line was re-enfoi"ced, and the enemy 
driven ))a'']v. In the afti'rnoon we were withdrawn, and marched 
about seven miles to the Sadtown road, and cami)ed for the 
night. The 27th, we resume the march, and about noon go into 
position near Mount (lilead Church, and intrench, there being 
coiisidei-able skirmishing in front. The 2Sth, the Fourth Corps 
mo'Ne i)ast us, the Thirty-first being rear guard for the Corps, 
excejit Company F, which was side skirmisher for the brigade. 
The regiment moving out about noon, after marching some five 
miles, we reach the Montgomery Railroad. The 21)th, we occu- 
})ied the same position as a brigade; but the Thirty-first were sent 
out to destroy the railroad, which we did etiectually. We burned 



112 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

the ties and heated and twisted the rails so they could not be 
again used. The 30th, we move up the railroad, and then leave 
it to our left, and continued our march until dark; the Thirty- 
first supporting the skirmish-line, while the rest of the brigade 
were throwing up works. The next morning we moved about a 
mile and a half, and came to a line of the enemy's works. "We 
throw up temporary works and skirmish until nearly noon, when 
we charge their works, finding but a light line of the enemy 
there. We captured some prisoners, and move on to within a 
short distance of the Macon Hailroad. Here we took position 
and fortified, and during the night sent a detachment to destroy 
the railroad. 

September 1st: we moved out this morning, and strike the 
Rough and Ready Railroad sixteen miles from Atlanta, and 
move along the road towards Jonesborough, tearing up the road 
as we go, until we get near the town, at which place we find the* 
enemy strongly posted. We are formed in line of battle, our 
brigade being on the right, the Thirty-first being on the right 
of the brigade, our right being on the railroad, the Fourteenth 
Corps being on the right of us, and having its left on the rail- 
road. We advance on the enemy, and sharp battle ensues. The 
enemy is defeated; we capture nineteen pieces. of artillery and 
about twenty-five hundred prisoners, when darkness intervenes, 
and the battle closes for the day. The regiment lost one killed 
and five wounded. During, the night the rebel army falls back, 
and the next morning, as soon as three days' rations can be issued 
to us, we begin the pursuit. We soon find them in a strong forti- 
fied position at Love joy Station, some ten miles south of Jones- 
borough. We were formed in line of battle, and pressed the 
enemy into his line of works, and were stopped by reason of night 
coming on. Last night the rebels blew up their arsenals, and 
destroyed their ammunition at Atlanta, and evacuated the place, 
and the city was to-day occupied by the Twentieth Corps. Sep- 
tember 3d, the day opened with sharp skirmishing, which was 
continued all day, and also the next day until noon, when we 
were relieved, and we moved back in rear of artillery. On the 
5th we came back to Jonesborough, and took position in rear of 



In the War of the ReMlion. 113 

our okl workis. The (Jtli, we strengtliened tlie works, and skir- 
mished with some rebel cavahy. On the 7th we took up the line 
of march to Atlanta, arriving there on the 8th, marched through 
the city, and going into camp on the left near our old position. 



"Headquarters Military Division of the Mississippi, 
" In the Field near Love.ioy's, September S, 1, 
" Special Field Orders No. 62. 

''The General commanding announces with great pleasure 
that he has official information that our troops under Major-Gen- 
eral Slocum occupied Atlanta yesterday at eleven A. M., the en- 
emy having evacuated the night bef )ie, destroyed vast magazines 
of stores, and blowing up, among other things, eighty car-loads of 
ammunition, which accounts for the sounds heard by us on the 
night of the 1st instant. Our present task is, therefore, well 
done, and all work of destruction on the railroads will cease. 

"By order of Major-General W. T. Sherman, 

"L. M. DAYTON, 

"'Aide-de-Camp." 

On the Gth of September the following Special Field Orders 
^o. 66 was issued: 

"The General-in-chief communicates with a feeling of just 
pride and satisfaction the following orders of the President of 
the United States, and telegram of Lieutenant-General U. S. 
Grant, on hearing of the capture of Atlanta: 

" Executive Mansion, ^ 

" Washington, D. C, September 3, IS64. S 

"The National thanks are tendered by the President to Major- 
General AV. T. Sherman and the gallant officers and soldiers of 
his command before Atlanta, for the distinguished ability, cour- 
age, and perseverance displayed in the campaign in Georgia, 
which, under Divine favor, has resulted in the capture of the city 
of Atlanta. The marches, battles, sieges, and other military 
operations that have signalized the campaign must render it 
famous in the annals of war, and have entitled those who have 
participated therein to the applause and thanks of the Nation. 

8 "ABRAHAM LINCOLN, 

''President of tin- United States." 



ll-i The Thirty-first Indiana Iieghrunt 

" City Point, Va., September 4, I864, 9 P. 31. 
"Major-General Sherman, — I have just received your dis- 
patch aunouncing the capture of Atlanta. In honor of your 
great victory, I have ordered a salute to be fired with shotted 
guns from every battery bearing upon the enemy. The salute 
Avill be fired within an hour amidst great rejoicing. 

"U. S. GKANT, 

'^Lieutenant-Genei^il." 

All the corps, regiments, and batteries composing the army 
were authorized, without further orders, to inscribe "Atlanta" 
on their colors. 

It has been estimated that during this Atlanta campaign of 
one hundred and twenty-five days, the Thirty-first Regiment 
was engaged in actual battle, time equal to ten days; in sharp 
skirmishing, equal to twenty-two days; in building breastworks, 
seventeen days, besides the almost constant marching across hills 
and over mountains, through heat and rain, day and night. The 
regiment lost sixteen men killed and eighty-four wounded; cap- 
tured three, and one died of disease with the command. 

The regiment remained in camp near Atlanta, from Septem- 
ber 8, 18G4, to October 3d, when it struck tents, and started back 
with the Fourth Army Corps in pursuit of rebel General Hood, 
who had passed to the rear of our army. The first day's march 
brought us to the vicinity of Marietta. October 4th, the march 
is continued, passing through Marietta and following the road 
to Kingston, we reach Pine Top Mountain on the evening of the 
5th, where we go into camp, and remain until the 8th, the time 
being occupied in sending out scouting parties. On the morning 
of the 8th Ave move out some seven miles on the Acworth road. 
On the 10th we pass through Altoona Gap, and go into camp 
near C-artersville. The 11th, we march in the rear of the Four- 
teenth Corps, and hear considerable cannonading in the direc- 
tion of Rome. We went into camp within two miles of King- 
ston. The 12th, we did not take up the line of march until four 
P. M., then taking the Calhoun road, and continuing the march 
until twelve at night. On the march again next morning at day- 
light, and ]iass through Calhoun and Resaca, and go into camp 



In the War of the Rehellion. 115 

near the old Resaca battle-field. The 15th, on the march at 
daybreak, crossing a small mountain into Snake Greek Gap, just 
in the rear of Hood's army. We had a sharp skirmish, and cap- 
tured some prisoners, and going into camp at the foot of the 
mountain at dark. The 16th, moved down the valley some dis- 
tance, removing impediments out of the road which had been 
thrown there by the rebels, and we go into camp in Dry Valley 
at night. On the 17th foraging parties are sent out, who return 
during the day \v\\\\ a pretty fair supply. On the morning of the 
18th again early on the march, passing Summerville, and on to 
Galesville, Alabama, arriving there about sundown. On the 
20th there was a detail of ten men from each company, put under 
command of Quartermaster,, whose duty it was to forage for 
supi3lies. We remained at this place seven days. On the morn- 
ing of the 27th we break camp, and again take up the line of 
march, arriving, late in the evening of the 28th, at Lafayette, 
where we bivouack for the night. The next morning move out 
on the Chattanooga road, passing Lee and Gordon's Mills, and go 
into camp at Rossville. On the 30th we pass through Chatta- 
nooga, and go into camp near the foot of Lookout Mountain. 
The next day our brigade is detailed to guard the wagon train; 
the balance of the corps took the cars for Pulaski, Tennessee. 
iN^ovember 1, 1864, we move out in charge of the corps 
train, passing Shellmound, Bridgeport, Stevenson, and Ander- 
son and Tantalon Stations. We then cross the mountain, and 
take the road to Decherd's Station. AVe there leave the Hunts- 
ville Railroad, and march, by the way of Winchester, Salem, and 
Brantville, then to Fayetteville and Pulaski, arriving there on 
the 12th. Here we rejoin the division, and go into camp. On 
the 15th, Colonel J. T. Smith reports with two hundred drafted 
men and substitutes, together with some additional recruit-s. 
There being a vacancy in the position of Sergeant-Major, James 
E. Terhune, of Company — , was appointed to the place. We re- 
mained at Pulaski until the 23d, when, at two P. M., we take 
up the line of march, passing Reynolds Station, and arrive at 
Linnville on the JLvTashville pike on the 24th ; passing on, we reach 
Columbia after dark. Early on the morning of the 25th, we 



116 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment , 

take position, and intrench. Between two and three o'clock in 
the afternoon the enemy began to shell onr pickets. The cannon- 
ading was continued the remainder of the day. KX eight P. M. 
we were relieved. We then moved to the right, and worked on 
fortifications all night. The 26th, the enemy drive in our pick- 
ets at daylight, and there was heavy skirmishing, fighting, and 
cannonading all day. The skirmishing and cannonading were 
continued all the next day, and at eight P. M. we moved some 
two miles back to Duck River, which we crossed, and went into 
camp about a mile and a half from the river. The 28th, we move 
back, passing through Columbia, the rebel skirmishers coming 
into town as we pass out. We cross the river ^id take ])osition; 
in the meantime Hood's army is crossing the river some distance 
above, and passing to our rear, the skirmishing being vigorously 
kept up in our front. The Second Division had gone to Spring 
Hill, where they were attacked, and a heavy fight ensues. At 
nine o'clock at night we move out, and take the pike towards 
Spring Hill, arriving there about two o'clock in the morning. 
Just before we get into Spring Hill, however, we encounter about 
thirty men on picket standing on the pike. One of them fires 
at us; but he shoots too high, and the ball passes over our heads. 
General Kimball and his staff ^vere in front, being closely fol- 
lowed by the Thirty-first Regiment. The General and staff 
dismounted, and not knowing whether these pickets were friends 
or enemies, the General gave orders not to fire without orders, 
and at the word to run on to the- pickets. At the given signal we 
made a dash for the pickets, who fired a volley and fled. They 
missed everything, firing too high. The camp-fires of the enemy 
were brightly burning not a third of a mile away, and we could 
distinctly hear the commands as they rapidly fell into line. On 
our arrival at Spring Hill, we found the road and streets com- 
pletely jammed and packed with wagons, ambulances, and artil- 
lery. General Stanley was heard to say that we were surrounded, 
and unable to get out. General Kimball replied that he w^as 
going out, and Stanley told him to proceed. Colonel Smith was 
directed to work his way through the jam with the regiment, 
and as soon as he could get out to divide the regiment, putting 



In the War of the RebelUon. 117 

one-half on each side of the pike, and when he came to the head 
of the train to move it up, and fight his way through and go out, 
taking the train with him. The Colonel said he approved the 
order; but suggested keeping the regiment all together, and hav- 
ing the One Hundred and First Ohio, following us, to move up 
abreast, and talce one side of the road. The suggestion was ap- 
proved, and the movement was begun. After getting out a short 
distance we were halted a moment for Lieutenant-Colonel Bedan 
B. McDonald to report with his regiment. We had not pro- 
eeed'ed more than one-third of a mile until we found the teams 
were abandoned by the drivers, and a little further on wagons 
were afire and burning, with the teams wandering about without 
drivers. A Lieutenant w^as detailed to take charge of the train, 
and men were detailed for drivers, and soon the train was moving 
along all right. We had not gone, much further until a volley 
was fired into us from the opposite side of the pike. Colonel 
Smith ordered the One Hundred and First to be right-faced, 
and reply to the volley. 

In their immediate front was a cornfield, and the regiment 
firing into a field of dry cornstalks made a racket very much like 
that of a small cyclone. And the rebel cavalry fairly hustled to 
get out of the way. We had no further trouble until after day- 
light, except to keep awake. Men would go to sleep walking 
along, and Lieutenant-Colonel James K. Hallowell went to sleep 
on his horse and lost his hat. 

Soon after daylight. General Kimball came up, and had the 
Thirty-first Eegiment to halt to get some breakfast as quickly as 
possible, and form the rear guard for the Corps; and, in order 
to prevent the rebel cavalry from gobbling us up, we nmst keep 
well up with the column. Three companies, however, and the 
Colonel, were to keep three hundred yards in the rear. The 
rebels were impudent, and kept close and to press, when the 
Colonel sent the Adjutant forward to request General Kimball 
to stop a couple pieces of artillery on a hill a couple of miles in 
our front. As soon as we reached the foot of the hill, we double- 
quicked to the top. The pike, then, for half a mile was crowded 
with rebel cavalry. They were allowed to approach within a 



118 The Thit'ly-jirst Indiana Hegiment 

hundred yai-ds, when the guns were nm up, and fired. It looked 
like a third of the men "were unhorsed the first fire, and a few 
more shots were sufficient to give them to understand that they 
were not wanted, and they gave us no further trouble. We 
reached Franklin about eleven A. M.. having marched all night, 
the night before, and not having much sleep or rest for several 
days. Trom and including the 25th. we had scarcely had an 
hour's rest. TTe were marching, skirmishing, or building breast- 
works almost constantly. We foimd the troops at Franklin 
pretty well intrenched. We passed through the works and 
around to the extreme right of our lines. The right of our bri- 
gade rested on the river below the town. About two P. M., the 
fight opened, and from that until night it raged with tremendous 
fury. The rebels made charge after charge, and each time 
they were repulsed with terrific slaughter. There was no attack 
made in our front until about five o'clock in the evening. Their 
advance on us was made in two lines. TTe alloweil them to come 
within a hundred yards, when we gave them our first volley, 
which took about as much effect on their second line as it did 
on the first one. The attempt was repeated several times, and 
was repulsed each time with severe loss. About two hundred 
yards in our front stood a house — a double log-cabin — in which 
the rebels took shelter. !Men were called for t^ volunteer to 
go and bum the house, and quite a number responded: but only 
two were sent. The end of the house being towards us. and 
no window in the end, we thought these men would be safe, 
provided, the regiment could force the men in the house to 
stay there. The men provided kindling stuff and matches, and 
faithfully performed their work, and returned safely. 

We had one drafted man who said he intended to st-ay with 
us and faithfully do all the duties of a soldier, except to shoot — • 
that he would not shoot, that he never intended to fire a gun. 
Tie was told that he would get along all right then, for no one 
would ever tell him to shoot. About the time that it was seen 
that the rebels intended charging us, the Colonel went to where 
this man lay behind temporary works, and found that his gun 
was empty — neither loaded or capped. He called to the Ser- 





RK^HAKD HARDIN. 
Company F. 



MAJOR SILAS GRIMES. 





JOHN W. McBRIDE. 
Company F. 



LIEUTENANT-COLOIJEL JAMES 
R. HOLLOWELL. 



/// tJte ^Vav of tJie JiehellioJi. 121 

geant-Major to make a detail of a (\)r})oral and two men, who 
would rather shoot a man than not. The Sergeant-Major soon 
reportcil with the detail, and said, "If such men as you want 
are in the regiment, I believe 1 have got them." The Colonel 
said he believed so, t<Jo. The Colonel then direet4?d the Corporal 
to lay down there near that man, and not tell him to shoot, nor 
allow any one else to tell him to; but, when the regiment tired, 
if his gun di<l not go off, to put three bullet-holes through him. 
'J'he Colonel walked away, and the drafted man said to a com- 
rade at his elbow, 'T believe they will do it." ''Of course, they 
will," was the reply. The drafted man then got up and care- 
fully loaded his gun, and, capping it, again lay down, and, turn- 
ing to the Cor])oral, said, "Xow, if this darned thing ex[)lodes, 
and the gnn do n't go off, you must give a fellow a little 
<'hance." Ihit his gun went off, and it was thought that he was 
the first man in the regiment to fire, and he kept it up manfully; 
and after the engagement was over, he seemed to be the proudest 
man in the conniiand, and ap])arently seemed to think he had 
done it about all. 

.Vbout midnight the night of the oOth, the army very quietly 
withdraws from Franklin, taking artillery, wagon-train, all 
safely off the battle-tield, and reach Nashville about eleven 
A. ]M., and go into camp about two miles from the city. It is 
remarkable that the regiment should pass through .such a series 
of skirmishing, endure such cannonading, go through the battle 
at Franklin, — all without any casualty of any kind whatever. 

l)(H'(nnber 2d, abont two P. ^I., the enemy makes a demon- 
stration, and w(» mo^■e into position, send out skirmishers, and 
fortify. The next day, the eneni}' makes an advance, and drives 
Inick our ])ick(^ts. The 4tli, we move to the right a short dis- 
tance, and take ]iosition in the front line, and the next day we 
lay off regnlar camp. There being considerable skirmishing and 
c:innonading along the lines, the enemy throwing up fortifications 
in onr front. The lUh, there is heavy cannonading to our right. 
AVc continue to shell the enemy in our front, but get no response. 
The Tth, th(^ skirmishing and cannonading is continued. The 
8th, the (MKMny advances, driving in our skirmishers. We charge 



1-- T/n T/ih'ft/-n'/'^i l/ufiana Rtt/inuNf 

tlionu and thev ;nv drivon back to thoir old posiri<>n. Wo oap- 
t\iro a fow prisonors. Tho lUh. Uhh. and llth, tlio woatlier is 
oold and dij^igrooablo. Tho li*tli. wo voooivo vn-dors u> sond 
all who are nnable to niaivli to hospital. Tho UUh, tho day 
moiv pleasant; thawed oonsidenible in the at'r.nnuxni. The 14th, 
wo wore onlerod to have all extra baiiuago sent to brigade head- 
quarters, and to be ready to move at six o'elook the next mornino-. 

TllK r.ATTLE OF ^" ASUV ll.l.K. 

IXvonibor lo, 1804. — AVe move out at daylight from the left 
of the llillsborongh pike. The battle opens with eonsiderable 
fnry on onr extivme right, and for about two honrs the enemy 
is pi-osseii and pushed and driven, and after it was tJionght tliat 
lie had removed all his ivserves from our left, the tight is opened 
there, and his right turned, lie is then pressed along the whole 
Hue. The skirmishdine of our brigade is in eommand of Lieu- 
tenant-Coloiud dames U. llollowell. of the Thirty-rii-st, and no 
svkirmishdine was ever handled with moiv eoiisnmmate skill. 
The Colonel knew liis men, and they knew him. and there was 
no mistake made by either during the day. During the day the 
regimental eonunajtder eoneluded that the Colonel would surely 
get shot, as his duty required him to pass so frequently imme- 
diately under the guns of a fort, and so he sent baek to get 
a large tlag in whieh to wrap the Lientenaut-Colonel after he 
had fallen, l^ut. then, he never fell, and the Colonel had to 
oarry the tiag through the engageuu^nt. Tn the afternoon, we 
eharged the rebel works. The rebel fort was in the immediate 
front of the Thirty-tii-st Kegimont. We had to eliud> a eon- 
siderable hill to reaeh the works, and then had to jump quite a 
large diteh. Some of the boys eould seareely make it, and had 
to have help to get out when they fell into the diteh. The 
Chaplain. Rev. Jauu^s B. Hamilton, was among the tii'st to seale 
the rebel works. AVhen Robert Ctxx^ket, of Company K. was 
pulled out of the diteh and got on top the rebel works, and saw 
the Chaplain over among the relvls, making them lay down 
their arms, he exelaimed. "ITell. a ehaplain in a eharge!" We 
eaptured the artillery and a lot of prisonei-s. and seeurely held 



I„ ll,< War of Hi,' L'.lxlHnn. I'J.'i 

tlicir front line ol works. Ni<;'lil, (•(»inin^' on, we movcuJ to tlio 
left, and bivouackod on (lie (ir;in\ill(! piko. TIh? niorn'ni}:; ol" tlio 
lOtli, wc ii(l\nnc<'<! iit (liivlifi,lit nnil |)i'oni|)tly Ixi^an to skirmish 
with tho enemy, and charged and took some works and prisoners, 
in the afternoon w(> saw tlic cdldi-cd troops make a (tonple of 
charges, which wore (U)n(', wilh great gallantry. Abont three 
V. ]\1., a general charge was made; along tlu; (fiitire lim;, with 
complete snccess, ca))tui'iiig tin; entire rebel line and a niind)er 
of prisoners aJid gnns. The enemy was f(»ll()W('<l np, :in(l skir- 
mishing was kept np nnlil night, when w(! bivouack(!d jd)ont 
six nnh\s from Nashville. The loss of I lie regiment was eleven 
men killed and twenty-seven wonndcd. We advanced, on the 
morning of the 17th, the cavnlry in front. We met, in the fore- 
noon, a detachnient taking hack two rehel Hags and a lot of 
prisoners. We go into camp on llarpeth lviv(!r, near Frank- 
lin, the day having been rainy and somewhat disagreeal)le. The 
18th, we follow th(! Colnmbia pike, arriving at Spring Hill at 
three P. M., and pas-s on a mile and a half, when we move in 
front of the cavalry, and take position in line of battle, with a 
strong skirmish line; wed I to I lie front. TIk; next day, we only 
advance two miles, and bivonatd^ed on Kntherford ('reek. De- 
cember 20th, about noon, we cross the creek, and pass on across 
Duck River and through Columbia. Hear sharp cannonading 
beyond tho town, wdncdi resulted in our cavalry capturing four 
pieces of artillery and five liundred jirisoners. 'J'he regiment 
continued to advance, following up the cavalry, which does 
more or less skirmishing each day until the evening of the 28th, 
when Ave reacdi Lexington, Alabama, 'i'lie rebel army having 
crossed the I'ennessee Kiver, further ])ursuit was abandoned. 
The 81st, we take up the lino of march, and go into camp at 
dark within two miles of Elk River, liaving marcdied eighteen 
miles during the day. January 1 and 2, LSr/f), we put in build- 
ing a bridge across Elk River. On the 8d, about noon, we start 
for Huntsville, which Ave reach aftei- a tedious niandi over bad, 
swampy roads, about eleven o'chxdc on the 5th, and, pa.ssing 
through the city and going half a mile east, we g<> into camp. 
The next day we were directed to prepare winter (^uartei's, and 



124 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

from that until the 14th we were busy getting our houses in 
order, and then regular camp duties were taken up. Th6 19th, 
our baggage, which we left at ISTashville at the beginning of the 
campaign, arrived. We remained here in rather comfortable 
quarters until the thirteenth day of March, 1865. We found 
Huntsville to be a beautiful city, well supplied with water, in a 
fertile section of country. While here, there was a Court-martial 
in session most of the time, of which the Colonel of the regi- 
ment was a member, but it had no occasion to be troubled much 
with any member of the Thirty-first. 

On the morning of March 13tli, we struck tents, and about 
noon shipped aboard the cars, passing through Stevenson and 
Bridgeport, Alabama, and Chattanooga and Knoxville, Ten- 
nessee, and on to Straw] )erry Plains, arriving there on the morn- 
ing of the 15th, and go into camp in a most beautiful place. 
The troops continue to arrive, some going into camp on the 
other side of the river, and going on towards Buell Gap. 

On the 23d, our wagon-train arrives, and the next day we 
break camp, and cross the Holston River, and then on to ISTew 
Market, and go into camp on ]\Iossy Creek. On the 25th we 
again resume the march, passing through Mooresville, and on 
to Russellville, and l)ivouac; and the next day we arrive at Buell 
Gap, and go into camp. The 28th, we again break camp, march 
through the gap some six miles, and go into camp, where we 
remain until April 3, 1865, at which time we march with the 
brigade, with three days' rations in haversacks and seven days' 
rations in wagons, leaving baggage behind. We take the ]S[orth 
Carolina road, and after marching fourteen miles, we halt for 
the night. The next morning, we are on the march early, and 
cross Chuckey River, and go through narrow passes in the moun- 
tains, and cross French Ijroad River into J^orth Carolina. 
April 5, 1865, we are on the march early up the river. At ten 
A. M., we halt and draw rations, and leave the wagons and ar- 
tillery behind, and after a march of seventeen miles we reach 
Marshall. On the 6th we move on early, and arrive at iVlexan- 
dria at ten A. M., and, after destroying a bridge, we move on 
up the river. We arrive at Asheville at three P. M. Here we find 
the enemy. Lines are immediately formed, and sharp skirmish- 



In the War of the Rehellion. 125 

ing ensues, whieli continues until night, the enemy using a 
battery. Just at dark the right wing of the regiment was placed 
on picket, and it captured several prisoners and some horses. 
At about eight o'clock we were drawn off, and marched about 
ten miles, and went into camp for the remainder of the night. 
On the morning of the 7th, were on the march early, and after 
marching about nine miles, halted on Clear Greek for breakfast. 
The next day we marched fifteen miles. April 9th, we took up 
the march early, and reached Hot Springs about ten A. ]\I., and 
went on over across the mountain, a distance of ten miles. The 
next day, continued the march, taking dinner near Chuckey 
River, and then went on into camp near Greenville. We con- 
tinued to march on the 11th, and reached our old camp on Lick 
Greek about two P. ]\r. April 12th was a rainy, disagreeable 
day. The next day clear and delightful, and every one rejoicing 
over the news of Lee's surrender. The 18th, we received orders 
to get ready to march at once, and at two P. M. we marched 
to Buell's Gap, and bivouacked. The 1 9th, our division hospital 
was shipped aboard the cars. The 20th, we took the train, and 
passed through Tvnoxville, Ghattanooga, Stevenson, to l^ashville, 
where we arrived at eight P. M., the 22d. We disembarked west 
of town, and bivouacked for the night. Then we move out 
six miles, the 23d, west of the city, and go into camp. The 26th^ 
the sutler arrives with a full sup]dy, and at once becomes the 
center of attraction. We remain here in camp until June 17, 
1865, performing the usual camp and guard duties. In the 
meantime a number of drafted men and non-veteran regiments 
were mustered out of the service. 

June 17th, we break camp, and take the ears for Johnson- 
ville; and the next day we get aboard the steamer SUrev Moon, 
having ten days' rations and the entire brigade aboard. We ar- 
rive at Paducah the 19th, and immediately .head down stream. 
We ]iass Gairo, ]\remphis, Yicksburg, N'atchez, Baton Rouge, 
and halt for a short time at ISTew Orleans, and then run down a 
few miles, and tie up for the night, on the evening of June 25th. 
The next day we disembark, and move out about two miles, and 
go into cam]i, where we remain and are kept busy fighting mos- 
(luitoos, snal-es, and crocodiles until Jnlv Stli, at wliicli time we 



126 The Thirty-first Indiana Begin lent 

march back to the boat-landing, and bivouac for the night. On 
the 9th, about noon, we embark on board the steamer McClellan, 
and run down the river, arriving at the Gulf about dark, and 
after a run of three days, without any special event of interest, 
we arrive at Indianola, Texas, July 11, 1865. We disembark the 
next day, and march out about a mile and bivouac. The next 
day our baggage, tent^, and camp equipage arrive. The water here 
is brackish and hard to get. The 16th, we move at four P. M., 
and march twenty-two miles through a barren, sandy desert. 
We had to carr}^ water with us, as there was none on the route. 
We halt, and go into camp on Green Lake, where we remain 
until the eighth day of August, 1865, when we again take up the 
line of march for twenty miles through a country destitute of 
shade or water, and bivouac on a small stream. On the i9th, we 
are on the march at six A. M., and arrive at Victoria, Texas, 
about midnight, and bivouac for the rest of the night. The next 
morning we are on the march at five A. M. We wade the Guada- 
lupe River, and halt for breakfast. We then march some five 
miles, and go into camp on the river. Here we reraiain under the 
most rigid camp-discipline until the 26th of September, when 
we strike tents, and march back to Victoria, and go into camp" 
on the railroad, about a mile from town. On the 28th, forty 
men were detailed from the regiment to work on the railroad. 
October 24th, we have a storm of rain and wind, followed by a 
few days of cool weather, called by the natives a !N'ortherner. 
December 1, 1865, the muster-rolls for payment and discharge 
are made out and delivered, and the details of the regiment were 
relieve,d and returned to the command. December 2d, brisrade 
headquarters break up, and the next day Adjutant John J. 
Meacham goes to Indianola to procure transportation. Decem- 
ber 6th, we turn over all our camp and garrison equipage, and 
the next day we take leave of Camp ISTeff and march to Chalk 
Lake, a distance of twenty-six miles. We have to remain here, 
waiting for transportation until the llth. We then get off and 
arnve at Indianola about two o'clock P. M., and here we remain 
until the 17th, the weather being cold and disagreeable. De- 
cember 17th, four companies go aboard the Tilla, which moves 




LIEUTENANT J. B. CONNELLY 

COMPAXY I. 



EDWARD D. LITSEY. 
Company I. 




THOS. J. EATCLIFF. 
Company I. 



DAVID J. RATCLIFF. 
Company I. 



In the War of the Rehellion. \'1\) 

out to the bar, and casts anchor. The 18th was so foggy, she 
could not run. The other six companies ship aboard the Ala- 
hama, which comes out to the bar, and anchors. The 19th, it 
is still foggy. The 20th, the Alabama pulls out and gets to sea; 
and about four P. M. the Tilla makes an effort, but fails, and 
do€s not get out until the 24th. In the meantime, however, she 
goes back to Indianola, and eight days' rations are drawn. The 
Tilla gets to IsTew Orleans the 2'7th, aiid runs up to Greenville, 
and rejoins those who came on the Alabama. On the 28th the 
regiment ships aboard the Virginia, about midnight, and about 
two o'clock A. M., the 29th, makes the start up the river home- 
ward. We reach Cairo, 111., January 4, 1866, disembark, and 
take the train for Terre Haute, the place we had started from 
more than four years ago. We arrived at Terre Haute January 
6th, at eleven A. M. We were met at the depot by a delegation 
of returned soldiers and citizens, and escorted to Dowling Hall, 
where we were served to a most sumptuous and bountiful dinner, 
and given a magniificent reception by the citizens of the city, 
which we claim as our military home. We then "broke ranks" 
for the last time, and departed for our respective homes. 

CONCLUSIOK 

In retracing the steps of the Thirty-first Regiment Indiana 
Volunteers in the War of the Kebellion, after the lapse of a 
third of a century, it is a matter of astonishment that so many 
incidents which have not been thought of for years have come 
to mind. Incidents of individual personal bravery and daring; 
incidents on the battle-field, on the march, in camp, and, in fact, 
all along the line, that ought to be mentioned and perpetuated. 
But into this inviting field we have not dared to venture — space 
would not allow, and we would not be able to do equal and exact 
justice to all. Therefore, we have mainly aimed to record the 
acts of the regiment, and suggest that all items of this character, 
together with many things that have escaped the attention of the 
author, and that should have appeared in this book, be carefully 
written out, and delivered to the regimental historian for any 

future use. 
9 



ROSTER 

OF THE 

Thirty-First Regiment of Indiana 
Volunteer Infantry. 



Tin' 'J'hirty-p'/rsf fiidldiKi /i/t/tnicvi. 



l.'i.'i 



c 






W 
W 
P^ 
H 

;^ 

;::) 

C 
^^ 

-^ 

< 

I— ( 

t— ( 






(—1 

Eh 



H '/I 

< '— 



o5 



0/ . CO 

"- . — .T3 

§ _& tt - 

3 ''^ ''7; i 
fc, O 0^ .^ 



.-H CI CO 

cc oc «: 



51 •— Tl 



rH CI eO lO 

CO 03 ^ "ZO 

cc cc cc a. 



CI I- ic CO 



CO S 

CD - •• 



C-l O- ' 



-( 






;;^<r: 






« GO 



S 3 CO S — '^ 
O 1/ ''>^ "1/ "1^ "l/ 



/--'UJ-C^'-' 5 :7, h-i ^ H-' I-; 






CO -]y o ^ 
•^1 ■-; •- i 



C 1, -1- O «-. 



x!;;~i5::^5s 






i5£: 






, r. , ^,-».^ , /• 



-H Tl CO CO 

CO CO xi CO 
c/: v: -x v. 



p I - 'X I 
fi — — ' ' 



1 CO CO 

I CO CO 

■x -x 



r^ CI 

CO CO 
■x cc 



oT =; 0/ 5 3 57i,5 

O; >-; ^fa >-; h- r/;; ^, 



K5f-^ 






-J tx. 




usa 






CO 

'X 


S CD 


CI CO 

CO CD 


CO 
'2 


3'S 

-X 'X 


— • Cl 

coco 

-X 'X 


71 


^ 1 - 


r" '•'^ 


CO 


1 - 1 - 

Cl 


<p.os 


y, 






73 


I-; h^ 


■xS 


• - 


' 






• ■ 





Cl Cl CO CO -fi ■+! lO --Cl 
CO CD CD CO CD CO CO CD CO 
X 'X 'Xj "X X 'X 'X OG "X 



^l-CIOC-H CD I -CIO CO Ci 

- ir-- oji iC' = > i t:^ >' 






HmcQcq xhS'-^hpsS P>h3:S^^ h ^xx ^^ 









Ot-: H; »-^ 



--5 



;j u .7, cj „ ^^ ;ju -r • i; f" DS '^ 
"^^ ;X|J — .-.EiJ 5i^_: 

— ^ — "-^^ ^ i-^^Zo Ota 



134 



o 
O 

I 
(0 

cc 

UJ 
UJ 

I- 
z 

D 

_l 

o 
> 

< 

Z 
< 

Q 

Z 

I- 

z 



The Thirty-Jirst Indiana Regmient 



CO O 



ci « 



G 


r1 


03 


o 


^ 




OJ 




^ 


o 


bL 


^ 



PhPw 












oi C 
^ bC 

QP4 



o o 

be be 
*^ xl 
d S 

OQCQ 

Pi 3 

s3 si 

-*^ -s 

_cc .2 

O C fl ^.o 
P O O 05 fl-' 






O 



^'S 



c^ <1^ 



O S fe CI o 
g ^ ^ .be g 

O o o Sp O 

i^ ^ ?> O) >H 



505 _ 

Is! 0) oT 

^ a; oi 

o G C 
S_bc_bJD 

Q [K cc 

^ dj 0) 



OS 



CI CO Tfi 

CO CD CD 

CO GC' GC 



Oh,;?; 






OQ^ 



^ 00 ^ 

CD CO CO 

cx; 00 00 






CO ^ 

CD CO 

00 00 






1^ T-H C-l 
CD CD CD 
CC 00 00' 









S2 



(M CO Tfl 

CD CD CD 

CO 00 CC' 



OI-50 



^ CI 10 
CD CO CO 

CO 00 00 






mO 



-H CO -tff 
CO CO CO 

OC CC' GO 






— ^ CI CI CI CO tH 

CD CO CO CD CD CD 

CC CC 'X' 00 00 00 



• T T" -^ ^+j 






■ i^ ■ 

(P O-r- 
O 1=1 > 

q; O O 



-r oi 



-5 OJ O 



Oj O 






s 



-^"S = bE 

cj ^ 0/ O) l> 

^ O H HO 



5 ^ 



0- ci a:' 



aj o S 



O .r^ 

oj 75 
■> S « 

OJ cs ~ 



Opq 



Sh; 



[B O) r- 

cc S^ 

Sr:: =s 






. ^ f^ ^ M .ti 
5 o; ct ai>'^ 

^ _; S !■ '^ - • 
I — ^ r^ r^ r^ - Qj 
r— I rH r^ (^ C- ^^ 

> S CS a^^^ 



< ^ 



^ tS r-l 

0:7:0 



In the War of the RehelUon. 



185 



. .T3 ■ • 

^ ^ •-, ct ^ 

ft q.^ a a 

-t^ -(J O +J 4J 

o o ;2 o o 

5 3 f^ S c 

in S^ I' i^ ii 

pLn a^ ;Di 0.J il^ 






O 1=1 o 

t^ K tH 



<rlo 



CO ai 



^3 ST 

bCbC 

rn rfj 



T3 ci a 

O O G 

5 3"^, 

1h I, OJ 

2-1 P-< P^ 



'S CD 

X 00 



-^ — I n 'M 'ti lO 
CD CD CD ^ ^ ^ 
X X' 'X CC OC X 



— I --^ C^l 'M CO lO 

CD CD CO CD CO CD 

X X X X X X 



— I 'M ^ 
(:D CO CD 

X X X 



—I fM C-l ^ 

CD CO CD CD 

X X X X 



■^-l^x 



O O G S 

i 2.2 i 
p« P- ^^ pj 



CD CD 

XX 


CO CO 

X X 


'M ^ 10 

CD CD CD 

XXX 


CD CD 

XX 


-M CO 

CD CD 
X X 

1— I r-i 


^ CO-* 
CD COCO 

XXX 

1— 1 rH 1— 1 


^ 01 CO ■>* 
CO CD CD S> 
X X X X ^ 


— 1 -M CO CO 
CO CD 'CO CD 
X X X X 


^"oT 


lO-H 


CO -H 05 


10 ^ 


COtM 


10 ■* T-H 


iO C^l ^ --H 


icri -fi rr 




C/2O 


May 
Nov. 
June 


iu6 




Sept. 

Jan. 

Nov. 


Sept. 
Oct. 
Jan. 
Nov. 


Sept. 
Oct. 
Jan. 
Marcl 



—H 71 •M CO 10 

CD CO CO CD CD 



( 1— I 10 Oi ' 



ft > ^ 2 ft 



t; > tn l^ ^ r- 

0; o ft ft a 3 



a; o a; 



oj y o 0) 



ft*-* ^ s c 



CO CZi 



7; • N N 



2-9 § 3^0 



.is:.- 
= c -J o 

P3 J 1^ r^^ 1-5 r? 



C S o U <D 

S rSJ ^ :7s ~ 
a; Qi "K > > 
.^r"^ -u ^ _^ _K(; 

o^^ «:i o o 



;^oaa 



o J- c;> o 
fl S C c 
o '-; a; 1; 
ft,-r ft ft 



r-rS 



3 i-. 
SC'^ 
3 O 
<Ph 






I 'S 'g c 2 



y< 3 ' 

<: r - - • 

H ^ ^ w t- 

^, ^ 2 r/} 0^ - 



OQ 






^S^-<;3> 






^ 3 O 

< « .- s 

a. •— ^^ -^ 

'i. B "^ 

cl " *•" 
^ 3 '^ 



S'- 3 -i ■'- 

?i:5 X S 2- ? 



--^ > 3 



'i &■ .:i> J-Ji 









^ X = ■ 



3ft?. 
g D 3 



:>ti:a 









136 



The Thirty-Ji^'st Indiana Regiment 



o 
O 

CO 

QC 
UJ 
UJ 

H 
7. 
D 
_l 
O 
> 

< 

< 
Q 

I- 
Z 
LU 

o 

UJ 

oc 

H 

w 



p »o 






. bcbc 

T3 •— -^ 
m cc O! 



iM .^ 



oj a> o ^ 
c S c3 o 
_bjc_bc be s 
t/j cfc crj 5 
Oj OJ Oi s- 
P^H Ph 5h PM 



4J +i -t-i 

C C fl 

C5 Cj Oj 

C C G 
OJ O) OJ 

+J +J +3 



H^ ^ h3 5 2 



tin ^Ph Ci^ fa 

'^ 't^ tS 'd '^ 
o ^ a; oj O) 

o-r; c o 'c 

c x3 s S S 

p OJ O C p 



^ '^ ^ 



. . cc 

.S.S'"' 

oS sj Q 











Coo 


COS 


Ms C 


C C bC 






S o O 


o c y 


1^ ^ *H 




Wii-Ph 


PhPhP4 



O g 



— I 01 ^ lO 
CD CD ^ CD 

OC QC CC X 



OJ D 0) L^ 



fliJO 



-^ 'M cc 
CD CD CD 

00 cx; 00 



GO<!fa 



T-( (M CO 
CD CD CD 

CC 00 00' 






h o 






a; s a) s 



— ri -t< lO lO 

CD CD CD CD CD 

00 CC CC 00 CC 



m 00 »o t^ I— I 



^ i; r- a — 
'/i t& I-; -ll 1-5 



— ' "M ^ -^ IC IC 
CD CD CD CD CD CD 
CC 00 00 00 00 00 



r/^ fa S ;2; (-: -^ 



I -M CO 

CD CD CD 

OO CC 00 



GO*-: fa 



T-^ c^l CO 
CD CD CD 
OO X CC 



aij5 a; 
^cSfa 









iPhH 



si oe 












0) O) Oj Qj 




+J 4J -kJ +J 




S 5 S 3 




oj 03 ci « 




ffiWffiK 



^ >, a^ Qj o oj 

^ii t^ tl fcl tl 
^ ^ dJ a; a; o 
P:^ tf H H H H 



S S 3 



>i 



O 



55 15 .22 ^ 
t ^ o o 



•;:: -H Oi G 
S'p.bca 
?^ «i^ oS 

'-' rrj ir^ 7- 
OJ r- a; K . 









Of*ip^ 



S S c -' 

" ^P^j3^ 



'fe^- 



5-^ 

oi ^ 



T3 S 



H<1 

id 



oj oj 



c;:^ 3 H 
O — ^ CO 






Q S 



1 ^t3 



H -T3 O 

Eh St: ^ ^^^ 

U 0) oi si 



fa 



Ih^Pm ^ h-lP-ifa 



t>> 



riiPIg 






;faO 



Ih Sh 5J 
faOOi 



In the War of the IiebeUion. 



187 



a 

C . . 
4J i:d <» 

5 OC 00 



1- o o 

O G C 

O t/3 OC 

•; oj 0^ 







-^ +J -*J 






H C S 












c c {=; 


s 


iM 


0) (U 0) 


«D 

CO 


-t-> +3 -t-s 

3 3 S 




. 1— t 










o . 


tail 
10. 
tail 
tail 


-t-3 -« -U 






!h t. t- 


O^^OO 


[ilfSHfe 


-^ 




T3T3T3 


a; OJ' 0; 








o c 


O S O O 


o o o 


^•S.SP 


S bCG S 








CD O Jf^ 


o ?? o o 


o o o 


■- ^H <1^ 


;h a^ In >H 


i^ ^ u 


PpMpi 


PhP2Ph(1^ 


P-l pH PL| 








^H 'M CO ■* 


^ (M (M CO -* 


^ -71 iM'* 


CD CD X) CD 


CD CD CD CD CD 


CD CD CD CD 


CC' QO CC' 0C> 


CC GO 00 CO 00 


OC' 00 00 00 



P CO 



.bfg^.&jD 
tf PhWP5 



-^ C^l CO 
CD CD CO 

00 00' 00' 



r-i n CO CO lO 

CD CD CD CD CD 

OO GO CO 00 00 



lO ^ 'M ^ 



CD CD 

00 CO 






-H 'M CO lO 
CD -CD CD CD 

00 00 00 00' 



'/}i-5!^;5a 



T-H 'M (M ^ 
CD CD CD CD 
OS 00 00 CC 



*^ l-l r- ^ ^ 

rj2 H-j <i !^ J^; 



'cud 5?«^ 



^ C^ fM CO -t< 
.CD CD CD CD CD 
00 GO 00 00 00 



— I rM c^i Tt< 

CD CD CD CD 

X QC CC CC 



oT ci ,0- ^ ^ 



— H •M CO CO lO 
CD CD CD CD CD 

00 00 00 '00' QC 



IC CO CD Tl 



lO CO T-i CD iM 



ic 00 '— I OO 



. a; 
« a 

(D ^ 



M^' 



C; h^ X- ^ <! H^ 



O) oj S OJ 
'32 1-5 1-5 CO 



a; 3i 5 s o 
CCi-si-sHsCC 






ft a -^ ft - 



a; a^ a^ aj ij 

-M 4J -W -l-i +J 

3 a s a s 



KKQhE PhhhhhPhhm 



in Sh ;-! ^ 

;h ^ ;h ^ 

a; 0) OJ 0-1 

HHHH 



^ ;h ;h ^ ;h 
a) o aj a^ a^ 
HHHHH 



3 3 52 

O) 0) a; a 
u u ^~ o 

in iH fc< c 

0) aj a; r-i 
HHHCC 



-— "3 "3 ■!> "i 
•- qa !C «a ta 
'' a a c a 

o 3 o o S 

CC O O O O 



2 



>; 



w - • 'ai^ 



UJ 






1^ 



H-: i-; l-i 'O ?- 



Eh ^PM O Qj 

* a> • T~ 



•-■ ^+J -" 






2 



CO 5 o'x^ 

r- "- -- C 



•XH 



« a ^ "^ _c ' 



-< - - 

!?; be 

w • - S^ " 

S o « a; P 

hJ o '-O •- -. 

-^ MO 

- .2 T — I^ 






^ 2 a a 'H 0^ 



o 



■S-' 

o - 



» '— a -— ' 
!- a;.3 c 



o Mjgt-i .P 

.3 .2 ^ - 
— -5 — ?^ ''• 

"^ L^ fl. , ^ i^ 



i;38 



The Thirty-Jl/rst Indiana Regiment 



a; — o 

0(-5 O 

^'^ s 

C a; p 



ad 

.S B 6 .S 

aa o ft 
« cs •♦^ c; 

'^ 'd ^ "^ 

dJ QJ t< OJ 
+^ ♦J (j; +3 

O O--*-; O 

r^ r^ !J} i~* 

c H c a 

O O oi O 
(h ;h ;. Ui 







+i 


+^ 


43 


43 


03 




IS 


o: 


03 


03 


i=l 




5 






C 


OJ 




o 


a; 


<V 


<U 










4J 


43 


S 


a 


^ 


^ 


^ 


^ 


0) 


0/ 


OJ 


0) 


0) 














M 


OJ 


1— i 


t-lhJ. 


l-l 


4J 


u 


_^ 


+3 


,^3 


43 


m 


m 


rll 


r<i 


rf) 


r/l 








u 




1^ 














P^ CflH E^ |JH fl-l 


1^ r^ '^ n^ f^ T^ 


0) 


(K 


Oj 


<v 


CU 


OJ 


+-< 


-w 


-t-j 


-u 


-fcJ 


43 


O 


n 


O 


O 


o 


n 


a 












a 


S 


S 


fl 


^ 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 




iH 








Sh 


;ihPhPh 


p_l 


PhPh 



bOcu 

^1 43 

- 03 O 

03 O 



C^ (^ Ow 
-^^ -t-3 4^ 

& P4 P^ 
S2 Qw C« 

ooo 

tS '^ 'O 
OJ OJ Oj 

43 43 43 

o o c 



o o o 



^-^ 'M CI CO CO ■* 'f »o 

cx;-x 00 00 cc oc oc 00 



IC rt^ CO OCi iM ■ 



"S,-"^^ ^ > > 

a; « S <1^ ^ ° ° ' 



I gj u^ w w . -^ 



^ fM Ol <M CO Tfi 
zo ^ '^ zo '^ '^ 

OO OC OC '00 OC' 00 



lO -^^ CD CO 00 iM 

(M T-H T-H 1— I 



j;^ 5 a -; oi o 

GQ I-: <! H-: fij |Zi 



T-^ IM ^ 

1^ 1^ 1^ 

00 00 00 



a^> 



-H -M Tt< ^ 

!X5 CD CD CO 



0; O O O 



^ Ol (M CO CO -+ -ti lO 
CDCDCDCDCDCDCDCD 
OO'XOOOCCCXOOOC 



^^ fM 'M C^l CO '^l to 
CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
X X X X X X X 



lO ■* CD CO ^H lO ^ 



^ C^l TtH 

CO CD CD 

00 X X 



173 Its I— fc OQ OQ O ^ 



43 -T t>5x -2: 
a G S — -^ -^^ " 

03 l-j < Hs tti O I— 



ft43 ft 

a> o oj 



a-t^, a a 

•OJ O dj q; 



'^ T^ 'Ti "^ 43 ^ '^ 

"J ■ 'o; "o '3 ^'S "o 

cc 43'~tf: « cc .^ cc cc 
- ■ - - S P S P 



.^ c b b b b b 
t4 o c o^ o c 



^ '^ "^ '^ '^ T^ 

■ ^* a» 'oj'aj s^ aj 
43rH-i-4::cncccccc 
Tr Q C C C C G 

.r- ^^ o o c o o 

sshSSSSS 



o o o 

43 43 43 

be tiC be 
CSC 



pqmw 



bC it' S be 






T3 

CO oi c a 

s <;i o :; oTScb 



. a2 



•t: Oh^ iH^ ^-^ 

• C S '^ P-i P^ j' s 
^ 03 03 aj -^ 5«" =« 

Hs ?- ?- i-:j <; 1-5 H^ ;> 




In tlui War of the Rebellion. 



189 



-2g 



C fl O 
CC C/J 5 

a; o! i; 



■ S pL| CO 









c 

Oi 


S OJ s 








c 


= bCrt 


1862. 
1864 
G. 


to 






Oj s CU 
+3 rA) +3 












2^6 


.:::o o.S 




o 


43 t« +^ 


Nov. 
Sept 
3d to 






c» 




^^'^^ 




as 


fe^lpJH 


T3T3 1; 


0) ^ In OJ Ti 


-« 


oj oj a< 










+3 +J +J 


^ ^ ^*~< 


O C=^H O 


n 


^ 


o o o 


be tyo°2 


S ^2 S 


bC 














CC r/l 53 


O ^ ci O 


.-• 


XT: 


o o o 


a; Qj r; 


iH O ^, t^ 


<D 


a) 




P5P5H 


aHp^He.^pd 


cd 


P-P-iPu 



r> 


., 


r^ 


lO 




T— H 


O 

+3 








^H 


T3 


OJ 


a- 



£ •; c; c; o; 



- '3J 



t^P- 



— 00 CO 
CO CD CO 
GO CC' 00 



-H (M rH 
CO CO CD 
X CO X 



»0 iM 1:^1— I 






!^S 



COl-s 






CO l-T i-5 






— I --i Ttl »Cl 

CO CD CO CD 
OC X X X 



-H 'M tH lO 
CO CO CO CO 

QC X X X 



-^ 'Tl '^ ^ lO lO 
CO CO CD CD CO CO 
X X' X X X X 



— I ■M OO ■*! -ti lO 
CO CO CD CD CD CO 
X X X X X X 



-H !M '^ 

CD CD CD 

X X X 



»o X lO CO ' 



Lt) X O l'^ lO ' 



0,4jX! C 

c; « cu S 



X •". -/, r^ 









^ > 2= +3 ^ S 

■» ^ S O O ^ 



a2-<5a2 



c c o o 

43 43 4J +J 

be be bjC be 



s s s s 

0000 
0000 

2SS3 



bcbc° bc 


bebc^'tebiS 
i 5:^ i: ^ be 


bei be bcvrt' S M 






X2X2.SX2 


^^ccc xj.:: 


^ X! ,12 CC .:: -2 




fC 03 r; CC X. r- 




C C3 S C 




= s G a S s 


0) Qj 0) 


O) oj oj 


a) a; oj a; 


& & ° S 


& ^ ° & ?^ 


& & &,2,2 S 


P2 


M C P3 


C 32 P2 






Si; o 
p:;23 25 






t>sS3 



t-1 

llp^d 

5 "S ?^n:3 



S^^ S 5 



►^ :s 



ffi^' 



^■^ 



C CC t-l 

M --^ -^^ 



K pq.^P5 



>>.s. 



o £ ^ 5^ S 



55 



a; 



H '§ .S M r^ C O 

w S '" a< •- I2 -^ 

^, tc 03 I- K — 

fti <; pq s: ;:; x 



>< 









^ ^> 



^l-r 



;o 



140 



The ThiTty-jlrst Indiana Regiment 



c s 



• a cua> 

C ej e3 a 

c o o c 

'cc O o ^ 

0) !i -i o) 



+3 


-tJ 






,t^ 


fl 


s 






f^ 


ej 


S3 






oJ 






















O 


OJ 




CD CD 










GC X 




<D 




CO 


,— 1 I— 1 




h-^ 


h-l 


CD 

or- 


0105 


H-l 


~k3 


-ti 






+J 


92 




eo 




t. 


[i^U^ 




-^^ 


\^ 




p. 


0/ Oi 


0) 

-t-3 


n 


o 


<l 


c a 


o 






T-i 


tojbt 


s 


o 


o 


0) 




o 




t^ 








Ph 


P-4 


Q«P2 


^ 



^ CO . 

■ o ^ '^ 

OJ tJ '^ '^ 

-u 'IJ OJ 01 
O G C S 

O !^J !» t/1 

i^ a; a; a; 
Cm 05 Ph (15 



Cj OJ 3i 



m S c 3 

<l^ tn li tn 

PnCLlPLieU 



C 
03 

(M ^ CO 
CO ^ GC 

2 «"" 

CO" ^1 
a; is O) 

a o s 

Ol O !/l 
QJ ^ OJ 



-^ 'M CI 'f 

(Xi CD CO CO 
CC CO QC iX 



^ ■>! fM CO -^ lO 
CO CO CO CO CO CO 

CC CC 00 00 CC 00 



1-H c-i ■C) CO ^ 

CO CD CD CD CD 

OC' OC OC OO 00 



^ 'M fM CO 'ti 
CO CD CD CO CO 
00 00 00 OC OC' 



.— I C^l CO 

«:> CD CO 
aocc CC 



>ci 1— 1 1— I OS ■ 



Q.-0 t^ > 



X' C^ ^ ^ r— >-; 






oT^ o * o 
-/; ^ O -^ 1^1 



X' h- c p^ ^ 



<D D li 



i-H 'M c-^ ti i.-n 

CD CD CO CD CD 

00 00 00 00 X' 



^H 'M 'M CO -t^ iC O 
CO CO CD CO CD CD CD 
X OC OC 00 00' OO 00 



1-1 'M C-l C^ -t< 

CO CD CO CO CO 

ao CC CC OC CC 



^ -M C"1 CO Tt* 
CD CO CD CO CD 

X X X X X 



T-H C-l CO lO 
CD CO CD CO 

CC cccccc 






113 t^ O t^ X T— I 1— I 



CU <D & a O 3 -i^ 

o} iii -< <1 !?; 1-5 < 







q; s c3 s 



a; Qj a> O) - 

o a; o o <L 
p3pqp5tfM 



oJ 07.2 .2 "TJ 

!= > > UCn^tC 

S O O " G ^ -3 
■ g; O O G S 0; ^2 

pp 05 P5 <r^ <; pq g 



q; Oi OJ di O 

-^ -4.3 -^ -^ -^ 



w; 



0) Oi D D O 

L. Lh ^H ^ t^ 

<D 0) dj o aj 
HHHHH 



ci 53 c5 c3 S3 
QJ O QJ iD <3J 

^ ^ t^ ■ ^ *H 

a; OJ ij 0) aj 
HHHHH 



a> o (D oi 

+J +3 +J +J 

3 S =: 3 

C^ CS ^ QJ 

<D a; a> OJ 

^ ;h Sh ^ 

^ ;h ^ ;h 

Qj cu q; oi 
HHHH 



in — ' O 

a^ ^ 2 



^ 2 









•M P- ?* ■ • 
P5 ■ ^ 22 lJ 

^ ^/3 h^' pa 2 

<a'u r- q; 2; sh ^^ 

« c3 S "* " M -I 

^^0^~^SP-tffiS 



M^C 



X P5 -••'-"'-' 



- >< ;h ci c 
g O O 'T'p O 



P5 -hrHO w";i-HOaJ 



<:Ji-^ 



^•^ 'A o; a; 






a- 

5P oi 



he >^ S^ 

! S o c^ 

! cS O) « O 

;|ziOMP5 






o 

o . 

H O) rt - .- 

M ^ o S c 

n n^ '^ 5j 



bC^ « 



° <^ S 

P50. - 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



141 



o 
O 



fe 



M & . a, 

" O) O iK 
OGQQCO 

_g o.S o 

> 5j ai (i; 
0^ r- 0) pj 



Oh 






■ 


D 


s 


(D 


Oj 


03 




W 


w 


> 
^ 


Oi 


a; 


O 




t, 


o 




QJ 


tf 


H 


H 



<A 

p 
z; 

S 



PQ 



£ O 



t> p! 



Oi o 






K CQ 



o o g £ o'c 



N T .r-c 



K s:' 









m - 



' 1h «^ 
I 05 S 

■Ot-: 



& s 

'" OS 



as—. 



i-:Q; 



142 



The Tliirty-first Indiana Regiment 



< 

> 
z 
< 

Q. 

o 
o 

u. 
O 

z 
o 

UJ 

h- 
co 

_l 
z 

UJ 







-5 OJ 










U) 




















^ « 










r/^ F^ 










, 










■*5 OQ 










cS.- 










T3^ 






c 




> 4J 














0) 










be. 




2 






u 




0) s 


+J 




<D 




;h 0) 


. c 




GC 




r/i ti 


i>3c: 


>.a 




hty. 
unci 
Liei 


X2 o; 


4^ ;h 


Sf=ii 


<— 1 





03 GO 


53 1* 


&, '/I 


^T^ 


''^ ^ 


M OJ 






II 


T3 ai 






QJ 


?2 <» 


(M 


r/jQC 


"1 


"CO 


5? 00 


CD C 










00 OS 



03 

be 

o3^ 



«= i^ ^ ^ .t; 



>^ 






tJ 00 



PU 



4^ 





s^.^^i^s^^u 








S2^^^^22^^^ 


TS 


& 


^-^l-bT^XS ^ 'T3T3 


0) 




IT3 a a; .^cc' ^ aj 


txj 


c 


_cu^ bCbC&C^ ^ bJDbC 


03- 


CS 


C—!r!c3oi5oc3:i 


^ 




rom 
illec 
isch 
isch 
isch 
eter 
D 
isch 
isch 




DC 






Q 


> 


pL,tiiQOM> CQ 



o o 
bct, 

r-; (U 



00^^ =3 -^ 

■w "r* " s3 

hOQJ '^'-' ^ 

^ if •- -CD 

. ^ . „ 0; 0^ •^~' 

g g o3 ^^ 
^ S -g -^ T3 



'-' CD 

.^oc 



3 <U 
1-5 CO 

rdTd 
a; a; 
be txi 



o3 ci 
- - ^> "^ « 

rn tn CJ ai !/j 



Q H Q > > C Q OOP 



>o^ 



CO 



5 S • 






«<S<1 Pi 






53 .;::^ 



^ .^ 



5 . • 3 
tn c to 

> X — ' > 

Je bCT3 Jj 



^ 3 



O =3 
P3ffi 



I— 1 jd I— 1 






O . ■ rr' di 



o 

" -^ Ph 7^ lJ =? ." 



5 03 w 

o g o 2 < 



fS be 
o 

■ w 



P<J w 



a ^ 

<( +3 . . . ^ flj 15 
M o - ,- m '^T^ o 

.ii.S C3T3 4) '3'^ 

iz; >► p << pq hX ^ 



In the War of the Rebellion. 148 



tf 



.s ^ 



-fj o r'Oi aj oj 50 O ^ C 

•— « 3 CO .-^ CO " ^ CD ^ cri ^ ^ ^ ^ ff^ ^ ^ -^ o rr "^ en r/", Z^ — ^ ^ -^ C c 




^ .y; £^ 5 g o 5^ £t3 g S 2 S S^ £ g'^ g'« 5 * 2 S '^^ g « S '^ ^ ;; „ 
.^ g "£ .Si /;2 ■£ .i .2 .2 'S ~ a .2 .i' a; .2 .9i "£ "£ :;2 "£ ::: /£ .Si .2 .2 .Si .Si "£ .S! .2S .Si o .25 .Si .2^ 



2'-' fi*'S'-'i ^ SCfi 'J-i-^^i^GiHCrt 

-gSg §|.Sgg^o g Sog lg.3£.^'«gog § 



Skt^o;^. 55.... ^"5 .s -3 Sf^G-S-- -^-otj -5103^!--=! 



144 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



< 

z 
< 

Q. 

o 
o 

Ul 
O 

z 

LU 

o 

UJ 

I- 
co 

_l 
z 

UJ 






Ul' fT^ i-«j 

CO r; ^^ 



« 


00'"' ^, 




t^^ ^'00 - 


abilit 

uly 9, 

une 2 

Dec. 




.2l-5»-5T3 




(B 2 *H 






••^+i oS oi - 








CC rK C ^ 










rged 
n; d 
atK 
n ; d 









* -" ^^ -^ 

.i oj •- o 



Ph- 




+s t 




C3 O 




c3 o 




^.?.- 


lO 




CD 


c»22S 


00 




U5 00 


'^ ; 


CO . • 


o 


22^ S 


^^ 






- <B 


-w lo a< 


^-M 


O,^ bC 


0) . ^^, 


^ sS:: 


r/3 4J ejv 


-S-^ 


-I ^-^ 


(U o 


TJ a; o 


flH CO 


(Z/'Jj X 






-^73 


TS rQ T3 


CJ .^ 


.. 1) .^ 




r^ tie- 

S Ih S 


:: c8 oj 


Oj oj « 








o> 


>Q> 



r-H OS 

05 Ih 

^ o 

O 
F?0 



O-Ji- 



X! CO 

-03 r-( 



.r- . -U CO 

CO o ;:^ (m' cc 

CO QJ — CO '"' 
OC- Q ^ 00 ' 

^-> Oj ^H f3 

CO 0;^-! iOq 

ftj::co ft s 

tc g be be'-' 
oi Ji oi ci oj 

tc TT oc a3 Oi 

5 > £ S 5 



in 


• ^ 


iCi 




a 


1— 1 


^ 


-^ 


,4.3 


O- 




ft 


0)^3 


« 


uC 


Oiro 








TS'^'C 


Oi 




OJ 


?^ 


_, 


bt] 








53 


oj 


SJ 


^ 




^ 






. o 

^^ IT r-t ro * 

X2 CO ^O;" g CO 

«ooh2Soo 
ai ^" _, ^H 

'Soc't^cooo" 

.. . O "' . 

rn Cj a, o '^ 

|P Sfx^O 

1-1 CO ~ .^ [» 

bC ■ C Mh • '^ 

tn G 5 ^ C 

S S'~= =* 2 



o S 



^ be ' ai ^ bObt) 
C '-I G p S ^ s- 
a; 3 « - XJ 3 S 

CajSN^icoai-' 
>H t>5 ^< 0} a; a; d) 
a> > OJ 4^ > — "H 

*^ S-^ C C S P 
« 03 « o ce E S 



. aj"bb^ 



- 3 

o 



OJ.-. 



+j._- > aj~ 



5^ 



^1 

<^PI 






bjoxi - • ^ • be • 
iH be oi ^ be . ^ 

S -C 3 C S 3 JX!'2 



-C 3 s S 3 ^^Q'o 

I»^3;-XJ--=It«C 

>c c-2*" ^ fe > 



be - 

11 

oo l-H 






'§;p £ o o^tl:l§||;?^ 



*r;_S »H JO bjS g 

ai'^ Hi C C r^^ O 
^•-; S^JS S OS'S 



CO ^ 

' ■ ' 2 '3 ^ 

rx ^ G CD C 

> S S o S 

PcCi-:Oh^ 



xn <Si U , 






o o 



a CO 



!_; tj' P '^ 
"S E = 

53 o3 

c p;^ « 



ft OJ 

CO S 
O 05 



S '"' P OJ P S ^ 

p c.'p, 85;=! ^:--; 



.^ CO 

^ s 



/;/ ilii' War of the Rehellion. 



145 



t*iOC 



_qU. 



."If • "'Xi ^' 



-Occ 



~Tt^ S cc :: 



S ^ ^H T3 



CO 




Td 


-J 


"o 




^i: 


OJ 


•;:: 


VJ 


tStJO 


^ 


-r 


XJ 




Oj 








^?f^ 


^ 




rH 


c: 


S-d 




Ti 


03 


o 


o^ 




'li 














QP^>M> 



o 



TS 



r/i ■■/; " 

P OCD 
cS > CO 

tH ■*■ r-l 

.~^ tffl "^ CO 

"•^ --^ — , co" 



02 I 



't'^QJ^^ 



fciC! 



l^ C QU - 

OJ D ;- 3 
«<-i 1-5 ci ^ 

fl tS "o tS 

C3 (» [« OJ 



a) oc 0) ~ 

^ t: •-= 
t:! h-i "t:! 



hCd it' 

^. 0; s^ 

y ^ y 



+j ^ -u 



tSt^x) 



K -S 



;:s lo ^ cc. 
CO " ^ 



'5 CO (Xi CD CD '*5 
?0 GO 00 00 CC <! 



CD '^ 






lO . 



a; cd: 



r^ X' -^ I-: X! 



'd "T^ t3 "^ ^ 

<!; O^ (1; Qj Qj 4^ 

be be it' M be a 
^ ;.. ^ ;h ;h (11 
OS C3 K « cix 



o a' 






C3 (» [« QJ 



=5 n: • .*^ ^ ^ if TJ 

'00.^ ,.-^ ^-^co 

. 3; --^ ^t-- - rt "GO 

,QC^OC^ -Mcc-i 

i - X P ^ C ^ P g 
; ^-.'ci t3 Ti 'tJ 

O 0/ CL OJ 

bjc be bcbc 
;h :-. ;^ ;- 
ci a s c: - 

„oot)« oc^ii' 
-^ n r/j CO ■/•- X fC JJ 

MPPPP PPP 



be bJCTJ 

- I. <u 



'ti ^ -* O) (M -+i 'M 
CD CD CD CO CO CD CO 
00 00 CO' 00 GO 00 CO' 



CDCDCDCOCDCO COCO 
00 'X 00 00 CO 00 GO CO 



CD ^ CO 

CO 00 00 



^ -. ^ 



I cocoiocoi.tico coco ira C-^CCCO COIOCO 

". oi 'M rsi . ■^-i " 'yi ^ r-^ ' CI 'M 



> iH -jf bcbC^H be 

(~i Cv ^^ ^ ^ o3 3 









be sh 

3 =3 



G,5 ■^ 

x2x 




bC oi be 

^ 3 b 

^' 3 C 3 

^-^ rjj >i m - 

■;- Qj Oj OJ " 

'^■' '^ r' rl 

0^ r o r 



^ 3 ^^ 
I — N i — • w :^ 
•r <1>T 0; 






-1^ be 

3 Oi 



f' 0^ 



.z s 



? XI 



^ bcS g-g 



S cj 3 
«= a; 3j 



;3 r/i S pj 

^_3;3 o 



be -/J 



o 



cS O t3 



•2 ^-c 



= c: li -2 s ^: »' 3 -^ s o . 

Ph 05 ci 3 :: •- -r: -^ J ^ O 



o b 



^^aibebO.^^^'^BSe 



C 
-3 o 

' '3 .22 ' 



be' 



3 ,** •""- 



"- 'S CJ t- ^ 



'.:s:;z; 






3 J.T''^ ^ '^ ' X 



^^^ 3 



5 a ci o 
5-3 X 3 :ii 






<J U- (-; 









;^^?^<ih~ 



5^3. 3 .5 

il a; 3 ;:^ 
a i - — 



146 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



< 

>■ 
,z 
< 

Q. 

o 
o 

ll 
O 

z 

UJ 

:S 

Q 
U 

I- 

^ 

_l 
Z 






OJ 03 '-' si 



^ CO "—I 00 

S iO ^^^ 00 - 

,- • OJ • 

g r- a^ 

a; oj oi 
'd &C U) be 

a; Jh ^1 tn , 

+J c3 oi cd " 

^ o o o 
^ tc '/; tc 

a555 



,Q lO CO 

CC ^ " 



<D 



a< oi a,' 
be bJD&t' 
Jh ;- ^ ^ 



o o o 
n ai f. 

2q5 



~ 'DC' CC "^ 

^"^ ^"^ — r 
i^ . vV, • <» O" 

^- OJ S CU r-H 5 
^r^ -^ t3 '^' r^ 

53 aj ^ aj • o 
§ &C be U3C bC 

rr^ Og ^ Cw t~; ci '* 

?? ^ -C ^ A 

^ O O o'd y 

' — I m -ri -J} 0) cc 

555255 



COCDCDCOCO COCDCD 

ooQOooocoC' occx;cc 



CD CD ^ CO "-H CD lO CD 
'M ^H "M 1— I T— I i fM C^J ■M - 

CO !a CZ3 !«^ Ci. rr2^'ri 



» - ^^ - 



a^ 



a^ 


^ 


aj 






a> 


;~; 


, 








■3^ 


> 


•^ 


K* 


Ul 




7. 




>1 




t^ 


be 


03 


aj 


03 


^ 


(1) 







OkJOW 



-i 


■ ii 




J- 


^ 


^ *^ 


aj ^< 


c 


aj 


~ 0) 


> 0) 


be 



'>r:: 



;^ 

a; s 

- %^ 
Cl, O) 
•^ > 
0)0 

be 
Oh, 






S a- be— G tc fl 
S S.S 5"^' 3t S;3 StjO o 



.. 5 S .2 5 '^' 3 t; be 5 5 Td 

OJ 55 ►> •'- 53 S-l O 

-5 1-: ?^ W C W 1-5 



- TT^ TZh ^ F^ ^ 



°^^o^^^ 



i-^O 



o 




p 




4J 




. fo 


rj 


t>> 4^ 


O 




t; 






+J::: r^ +^ 


Oi +i 


5-8 -d =^ S 
ci 03 J: > 53 


S 5 


l^r^l 


. 3- 


3 a^ a; 3 




cond L 

. 1, 186 
3spital 
wounds 
cond L 


"Sp 


CO 5 
QC O 


T-H O 


a; "i^ t^ . aj 
02 a>K g-yj 


^ a; 


■*"xs-*"'d^ 


^ "^ 


'^ Ji,'^ 'c!^ 


oj 'O 


aj be a; be aj 


fe % 


-u ;m -i-i ;h +j 


O ci O oi o 


ra O 


p^ S-^ S 


Oj S 


O 05 O ^ 3 


'i^ 3 


tH •— ;-! •- i^ 


•-■ t- 


PhPCmG^ 


t:d&. 










^'^^^^ 


a.^ 


33 O O o 5? 


O 0) 


-t-' c c si 2^ 




C oi a^ ^H s 


OJ c 


53 aaa) ^ 


&i :3 



■Jl 



03 „ be fcT 

S S3 ■£ W S ^>^ 

<h o " 53 " 

+^ ° O C 03 

in K.H-5i_ii-s 






5 a; 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



147 



4:> 






o 


% 




be 


^^ 






o 

O 


Q;--H 








^j sS 




'-X.^ ' 


•— ' 


X '/3 




r- c: IC 


7:1 lo 


2 CO 
~ CD 






'doT 


'CC 












CO Zj 


lO t^co 




rt I- cc 


0) CO bJO 


sS 






-ti 3 


^ 


O ^ " 


* C3 


P<C 


00 






i* c3 




r-l r- o 


~ O 


XJl^ 


-t-> 


^ ^ .i- 


<!.i 


'Z>'T2 


^T3^ 


Tl-^ 


Zj i; 






O/ 


f^ -^ ^ 


^ S^'g" 


bCj. 


sj :j 


-t-j 


TS 5 S 


ci ^ 










X 


ii oi^ 


o^ 










PQ 


G 


^b> 


G> 









- ^ i la ^ 








7^ "^ *^ r/") S 








a a. t-.T .H^ ^ 


>s 






-^ . K . — ~ X k" t>v. '" '^^ 


-tJ 


:52 




-5 -Ifio «cdS =■- '^IJ 




.^co' 




CD 

cc 

T— 1 


CD ^ 




ii <j 2 T3 -^22 73 C3i '^^^ ^■% -l25 r:3 


QC 




CO 




> 

o 






t3 


T3^ 




,^'^r^'T3,_J,^T3r^r^'M^^+=^^^T30S 


a> 


<1J .^ 




bc^ bc^ bCbC- bcbcg bJObcg bcbcb£'« 


bc 


bfi^ 


rf. 








ej 


CC C3 


r^ 


cSgsSJioSc3j;jssPc3cioo3~oiKP 










O 


O^ 


Td 


.2 ^ =£ g3 --c 'Xj "J (» '/) cc X p ry. 03 X ■^ a; 




.»^ 




Q 


Q>P 


q>5>55>5q55q^5p5>S 






3f=H .fa 

O O' C -H " 

X fa :/: <1 X 



§oOfa 

« 0) o *;■ 

^faX'X 



Ofa o fa 

> G o S 

C X X X 



-rt .' '^ U 



1; 






si 




tS 



























N 




~y 






1> 




H 


si 


Wffi 


;2; 


m 


-1^ 






t>i 


K 


« 


T) 


ci; 


^| 


^ 


^ 


^ 


.^ 




X3 


;;:; 


^ 


^ 


u Oj 






2 (i 



= s 






o 



-9 si 



si 



!:z;^ 






■^ 3 5; H^ r/, rx ,, bc^.a_ . 



SW 



0) CD Q G ^ a^ rO 

si sir^>°.C 



.G -S si 



n * " 



i o o 

; o 

' 2'd 

S * 

o 



, <A si 

iPP 



!>x 





^■^ 


C 


si 
bC 


ni 


T? 




w 


T3 


X 

a 




^ 


P 





148 



The I'JJriy-Jird Indiana Hajimcnt 







coSi 






SP=! 






orporal. 

Musicia 

Aug. 15, 
at Stone 
orporal. 
wounds. 

rgeant. 




VI 


oun. 

ivannah. 

64. 

for wounds. 
. 8, 1865, as C 
nsville. 

disability. 
. 8_, 1865, as a 
disability, 
disability, 
disability, 
loun. 
. 8. 1865. 
disability. 
1862. 
unds. 

eserve Corps 
3 ; wounded 
. 8. 1865, as C 
e 20, 1865, of 
t. Donelson. 
2; disability. 

disability. 

8, 1865. as Se 
disal)ility. 




P3 




8. 1862. at Calh 
h 20, 1862, at St 
died Aug. 15. 18 
d Sept. 5, 1864. 
d Aug. 17, 1862, 
discharged Dec 
30, 1863. at Eva 
d Sept. 15, 1864. 
d Sept. 20, 1862 
discharged Dec 
d April 3, 1862 ; 
d Nov. 4, 1862 ; 
d April 3. 1862; 
17, 1861, at Cal 
discharged Dec 
d Oct. 27, 1862;- 
Shiloh, April 6. 
1 30, 1862. of wo 
Xune 8, 1862. 
^d to Veteran I^ 
d March 27, 186 
discharged Dec 
discharged Jun 
b. 15, 1862. at F 
d March 29, 186 
Xune 8, 1862. 
d Sept. 15, 1864. 
d Jan. 15, 1863 ; 
Xune 15. 1862. 
Xune 8. 1862. 
discharged Dec 
d Dec. 24, 1862 ; 






en 








■XL or, , ■ajo..aja>ai,;..o ,t" •LO.,,,oaj ooj .,0) 


>• 
z 








Q. 


o 




i! 2i "S"23 o "£ .i .22 .^ cj .22 .22 .22 .Si %B~.'^ .£ £ .;£ o a; " .22 % .'ii.'^ o S o .22 




QQ>PG'^aap>PPQQ>QWQPEHQ>>t(iQPQPQP>Q 




CD 


LJ. 




or^ 


GO 

T-l 




W H 


\a ^ ^^^^^^^^-^^^^.^^-.^^^^.^^^^^^^^^^ 


/. 


H X 




Ill 


-<& 




^ 


m)^ 


"£< 


D 






LU 






1- 


^ 


w 


o 


_l 


» 


u 


z 

LU 




oT c ' c ' ' " ' S ' 'a 


c 

M 


ikton. . 
ta Fe, . 

ckton, . 
ncer, . 
ckton, . 
ncer, . 

encastl 
and, . . 
ncer, . 

caster, 
idalia, . 
jsertovv 
edom, . 
isertow 
aract, . 
ncer, . 

ncer, . 
nt Com 
ncer, • 
edom, . 

isertow 
ckton, . 










P3 


'^ ■ c~ '. i 6' ' '- 




^^^^ ' e u . ' ^' ■-§■=' g g ■.■■ ■ 






< 
< 


John H. Everett 
Lewis B. Evans, 
Micliael Frock, 
Joel Fowler, . . 
< 'hirles A. Frew 
William Goff, . 
Henry H. Goff, 
I^orenzo D. Gard 
Jacob Gonser. . 
John H. Green, 
Eli Hamlin, . . 
Absalom Hamel 
Thomas Hammo 
Benjamin F. Ha 
James H. Highn 
George Horn, . 
Emanuel Huffm 
John E. Hostett 
Jacob B. Jordan 
Disberry Johnso 
Joseph Kenoyer 
I^ewis G. Lybarg 
Oliver Ijconard, 
Francis M. McM 
WiUiam G. McG 
John M. McGuii 
William McClar 
Jefferson McEnc 
Albert B. McKe 
Gabriel McBride 
Daniel Misler, . 
John U. Needy, 



In the War of the ReheJHon. 



14i) 






«S .-^ ^ 



• O ^ 5 'M 
lO ^ 5j * CD 
CD^ [V, 1-5 GO T , 
CO r-^,^ -I CO 



rj S O O 

'::} =^ =3 t, 

CD X 'X' -i^ 
1 — I 03 



OJ 


,;^ 


-g 


f^ 


o 


dj 


(>>C 


x> 


o 






CO 


o. 


CD 


,4_i 


CO 


K 



•HI .'^ " 



_' >5 



CO 



' lO »0 'M ' -M 

-r oi >— I CD O CD 

-I . CO. 71 CO 

-r "^ X! ^ I-: CO 

'C T3 '^ ^ t3 
a; O) ai aj oj 
^ ;-. Ij f^ tH ' 



<5^\ 



oi f> aj ^ t? 

fcn -C X' ^. Oj, 



^ O) ^ Oi ^f 

o be bC^, 

- ?:co 2 >'^< 
'-5.22 -..^I^ o 

^„-^\^ bed 

^1 — 3 -' J- OJ 

S S*^ £ S "E 

•^ a; rrt 1; "7* aj 



cj t3 oJ tS t3 ^ 

i; o i^ a; o . ., 

•^ hf,'^ bf] hfi . 






bC . 

02 S 
+3 <U 
m bc 

.- a, 



^ CO p 

5 — Tl ~Y 
Ji t^CD CD 
S £^CC CO 

"S ^ CC ?j ^' 



•' -d 



x > a " 



'-< . 



.,^2 ' 



> 'X3 



tj w 



oj i; Qj 
bJD c3 ■ ' 



O.'^O CD W 
■X a.' t» 









5 g-d 

■u u sj "y S — r; 

.2 .;^ .i .2S "S ::= "S 



^ CD 

■ oc 

a; .. 

-d . 

b£cS 



.cd 



pp 



-d >o i.t. ij^ 

lO ^ r-H 

-;^f<^0 1-5 

t— tJ tS "d 

o; a; a; 

T^ be bC be 

O) tn ^ ;h 

2- C/j X GC 

PPP P 



IC CD CC GO CD 



K- 2 -^ -^ G. 

!a r*. C C '/} 



bfi 



bjC 



"d o 
cd 



So 



GS^d oi 
C 1/ S 
'Tl fe 'i2 



o 2 



, o <:^ o 
K :i o * o 

(i: -r: -^ 6 '2 



g xi .2 rrt a- a 

Cj dJ tn i; tn +^ 

O £ ^ > H r^ 



;-2 
'd -r 'd 2 - 



1^ i 

■OOE 



6:ii^ 






^r. 2 



2 i! 



o 

5h O 

. o 









§:- ^^ tAo s 



c 5 :^ 'd ;2 .5P 



^ 3^ ~ S 2 ^ aj 



I -^ '^ — ^■ 

W • -i r-' -^ 



r-'cTpH - 



> • s Ph^ s 









a. 3 



■73- 



■H . ' 



O 5i. 
H>' 



-W 



5c "o 



^ ^ S _, d 



^ ;-! ~ — — ^ ^ (D ,- 



:^S^c 



^1 



i:-^ o « c3 



0.0^ 

O 03 
t-5^ 



^ . ^ 

.5 j; sj 
^-d 's 

?- < P 



fe .mmp 

s -<■ -< S 
"" fl _'d 

C ~ ■!> -1 S 

c: 2 be - 03 
C:x<J 



M 



150 



The Thirty-Ji/rst Indiana Regiment 



.'CJ 



^ ■u<i> 



3 



a-^ 






' Lti O 



SCX) ^ 



52 t3 



CO «3 

00 CO 






0^ 

-3 ,-*^ -<-= 
'-13 

'SI 



' Tfl 






> O g 
T3 



"lO 



rtl 



»0 CD •" 

QC , — \ f^ 






00 '5' 



Oi 



CO r; GC O CC' > C 

^ bcti MS S^ !ac W3 
oj ai ?^ fE :^ a* 1^ x 

p p a p M p p p 



- ^ rH IC -tl 

GO (7^5 , ^ CO 

. a) fM ^^ T-H < 



Oi iO ^^ 
'-'-^ o 
^ • ^1 



; CO ,^ CD lO ig 

"/>^<£^-^^'^~. 
s o :: W-+J 

3 OJ r3 s ^ 

^Pt-s<jO 



lO ^ to 



OC -M 'X ■ 

. «3 .■ 

O CO cj 

a; ^ O; 
PrCP 



a. 3^ OJ 0^ <!' 

be b£ tJD lac M 

j_, ;^ ^ ^ ^H 



a"? ^^ 

J^CD ^^ ^; 

S CO Oi 03 

H GO 

s • 
Jo 

^t3 



OS© 

■^ '^ i-i "S o '-^ '^ 'd '^ T3 T3 '^ '"' 'd 

bC bXJTS ai Q " &£' !=£■ bC laC M 'oC'z: 5iC 

cS gS +^ ^ r^ h^ 

ocj^xJ-ii'acjcooo o^'o 

</3 CO ^ ;^ 7^ O CC t/2 -X X rX CC OJ IM 

ppppSpppppp ppp >-p 



^ ci ^ ^ h-^ 03 ^ 






O) 



tc 



o 

CO J; -1^ 
r^ CO H-^ 



3^ o 



iPPh' 



ft a; 

OS 



CDCDCD CDCDCDCDCOCOCOCOCDCDCDCDCD CDCDCDCOCD COCOCO 

OOCOCC' CCCOGCCCCC'XCCCCCOOCGOOCQC GCCCGCCOCC QOCOQO 



CD lO CO ^ 






^wsi'JiO'JiOmf^l^'r^^m O O 03 P ^ P C O 



«^ -tj -1^ 2, 2r 



, 0) 

t^ bJDg 
Si r- T 
OJ .5 .^ 
•/) < — ^ i^ 

oj o 03 



c3 -u +^ cS 
0) O as o 

HhJOH 



Mm 



S '^ 

osOJ 
o. • 



O; ^ O) 






(D 'T3 

C O; 






.. PI 



=i.2 




i 0) o 






•0) n 



^^^^^^■^^ 



3 3P^ 2 3 



OS C3 



'i» 1-^ t-s <i ^^ O W 



■■%1^<'h 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



151 



t^. 






QJ T. P. '^ 



51 



W3 ^ " 

5^3 






3! ^ r^'Zi 



g 






00 C^^ 






CD tg !X) 

CO ^00 

<^ ^' ?5 <^ - 

CClO '*<'"= 






^ lO iC CD 
F CD CD CC' 
^*COr-l 

. ^ ^ , lO 

lo 00 lo ^^ 

00 o^ > 
i-H Oi 5 O 

^^ T3 '^ '^ 

^' W) SC' bC 



^ C5 frf — Ct H-j C3 Cg - p??; Sw C3 Ow 



MP QP QQPQ PPPP 



CD CD 

CC' CO 



CD CD 

00 00 



^ Tt< Tti 

CO 00 CD 

CC 00 CC 



t^ CD CO , 



PS 



. 4^ 



■ p J. 



CO CD CO 

00 CC' CC' 



t^ "M lO 

— t <^5 T-H 






HH g O 

iH O) O 

aj Sh o 



H> 



u 




-ts 




c 


O 


>^^ 


O 
Pi 


O 






< 




P 

"3 




o 


D 


rjl 


tn 


? 



« re -— " 



;^H, 



'-yj _r - 0; -i-= ■ 

2-"^ O" bC-S ^ _ 

't; O- Q^ -; 2 > 13 

C tc > +j -7; S -/-, 

^ ^^^'J2 O'JJ 

>. D 0) • G . 

a. Pi Pi ^^^/i-^ 

Cu Ur Wl' , I 

•/J b£ bc >> i; S i 
;s o o cts o P 
-^ O C K <: H X 



>> <ij ^ 



^ ^"T^. ^ 



5 ^ r ,« 

o S '=* "^ 



03 fH 






o .^ 
,^2 CO 



^ ■* -rtT 

T3 "• CD 



s ^ 



O II •*1h •*'^ W 



r/j O 
£PP 



:^ 


4/ 


^ 


b/j 






<: 


« 






•^ 


CJ 





[/J 



pp 



^s;o-g 



I C 'M O 

' CJ CD o 
I ^ CC ^ 



; '^ '-z; '^ 

) p OJ o 

ip^p£ 



; . ^^ 

; u . tj 3j 

;= k CO 2 

- "T S "^ "5 

i ^ o "* 

^~ a- ^ CO 

?5m CD 00 

-* OC -H 

"ii +J '"' " 
- « 'O 

^ -^ ~ u 

. — ?-'?' 

-^^ si 

pShp 



l^^ - 



a- . 



. +3 

o a; 



o 



O 



,-0 K ^ St: 

'S 3i s -- -^ 
~Pr^ = C'> 



^ be • = " • • • 
xS . 5 5 • ' ■ 

• ►S ^s "t^ - > 2 






^ - 5 



152 



The Thirty-first Indiana lleginient 



O0.2 



>^ 
X m 
O aj 

CD 



W 



IT3 GC 
Sire 



0; 0) 



OC 'd 5 o ::^ 

> " o . 

o CO '^ '^ ^ S 



I t3 ic _, 

1 (U CO ^ 

! +J QC 



^^ 



s > 

■^ '-! > 

CO r~ r T 



O- 



'SI 

5^ 



a;. Si .2 c 



0) 



c 

0; 
be 

, ^ 
3 CO 



CO 

OC 






; te- 



la; 






'^ OC rjT 

Mi 

Sao 

CC 1; Q 

c55 



' ^^ CO 

^&2o.o'- 

^^CDT3-- 

0^ Q Q '- "^^ 



'd in 

C CD 

S <^ 

^ 00 -- 

'^^ « 

CDQ 
00" 

2 be 
'a'o 









^ »0 "* 

'd (^ CD 
fl 00 00 
I— I T-H ^H 



^ Oj QJ 



w p> p55 






'/3H 



• 3 • 
. =3 . 

-- ^; 
S-> ;h ^ 

o a; o 

OHO 



bc^ 



e3 



=^ .22 ^^ •£ -^ 



r^na^^,- 



Its "'I 
c 



'Si 

pq 

C 



^H^<1HffiH 



>- 


;5 


t3 


Oj 


o3 




Sh 


m 


m 




^ 


W 










o 


« 


« 




CO 

1— 1 


0/ 






•: =o 



o 2 



.^"i 3 2 2 2 

S ^-5:S a be So , 

ar- O ,p o ^ ^^ a; 



^rM 



°^5 



wow 



kS^o.2go«G:rSSa5'S=^S:Z'S^r^j: 









In the War of the Rebellion. 



158 



<» -CD 



'rt 'd tS 

0/ 0) O) 

;h L< ^^ 

si 03 C3 - 

coo 

'/3 CO tC 



lO:-. 






CO 0) oi 00 "S '^ 



00 


> 




43 


o 


m 


OJ 


CS 


n» 




c3 


bJj 








o 



5 iW 

=3 ^^ oj 
- -T3 - 

55 t- CO 

S <D'ogf 

• ' ^ Ml 'M 

ii o Jt3 



> > 



H "** 



M o o a; 
^« n c X 



"71 'C 'C t3 
y a; <D a; 

^ ^ cd ^ 
_^42 43^- 



o 






S! CD S 



G O 

^1 



ties 






o ^ 



•C CO 0) CD 

r; '^ . ^ > 5 

3 ^ cc g ^ o GC' 

3 •' «;S ?^ u 

^'d-^^ "S ti'^ 

. O) C3 « 53 O' 

,T— I be , ^ - Hri 

^^ ^ 'M 
>, si CD 

- y — I 

a> ., 



CD CD oj 

OG. 00' ^ ^ 



P^ 



.2 0-=" 



O 03 fl 



bCc3 

S u 

oi O 

4^ CO C73 CO 

03 OO42 00 
frt ^ o3 ^ 
55 - CO 

^00"2 00 

S ^ -* '^ 

3 O ro O 

• - o 10 o 
CO Sfic'^ ^ 



-HJ3.Q 0,42 i 

- O ,<1^ O O 
CO ^P^rK! c« 

^I '5 rjj r^ ^ 

o c ^ iH C 

>X! ?3 oj 03 « 

?H rH r^ M J 

^3 i^'ol 



P^ 



; "p o 

I O O) 






.'Z.-z o 






T3'd fl 
<D O Si 



















]^ 




Haute, 

Haute, 

ton, . . 

Haute, 
ton, . . 
Haute, 

ton, . . 
Haute, 

rland, . 
Haute, 

ton, . . 


ton, . . . 
Haute, 



1, o ■ O 

H OH 



^H o r 



O G <D 

i< 3 l< 

^ S ^ 

O * Oi 



G 0) 


a; 


3 ^ 


> iH 


ss rl 


^ 


43 


r-l 


X!H 


OH 



3 b3 O 5- 

cKOcctf H 



o 
O 






2K 



W 83 O 
*^ A O 



Sg = 



- CO 

00 O 5E 
Oj ^ o 



G £ £ c'--: 



i< ;; j: o 

<u G ~ !-a3 
-^ — 13 _ 

iiH:^<ia 



O r^^ O 

r; "/I •'- 
G OJ-G 



o 

W.2t 



t7 O 

o o 



I oS hi 
I O 



0.2 



1^ 

O 03 






rz: o 



g^S 



IS-S 



i-i 






2, '^ 



;^ jh ti- ►::; K: t 



S 5 

-G t< 



oi -S £ 03 ,=3 ^ o ^ 



CO 0) 

O . 

O 'O 

o G 



O 

G ^-' 



o 00 

^ =« o 

li^ 

^ P5 z^ 

"3 "^ • ^ CD 

5 '^ I-, o_o 

, . C i* _ 3 in 

S G _0 2 =^- ■r S G 

" '^S.H^H^tlo 



-- o 

r73 fcH o 
i-G o o 

) ■ rH 
I >^ ,-• 

G C i* 



154. 



The Thirty-first Indiana^ Regiment 



o 

u 

o 
O 



.o 
ceo 
o3 ■ 



302 






10 



Qj be 



00 %^ 



o 



ii * 



« 2 ■ o 



l«o 



o 






10 a; 
COM 

^§ 
CO o 

be a; 
« o 






OC' • Si rv] "^ Q 

^ iM =C W QO ^-^ 
, CD 2 4J '-^ TS 

ic "^ oj ^ a; 

+J g t>iCD • <^ 

0; ^- S --I 0) O 

Ti ;?; T3 ^ 'Ti '^ 

bCT3 bc-^ be ^ 
u <s u O ^ " 

.2 ^ .22 .2 .2 % 



<o ;; 



P p.. Q P P PP>> 



loo- 

cp 



cc^ 






S 00:: 

0) . 

PS 

u .^ 

a; P 

03 -^^ 






0) 



oi q; cs oi 



> P> 






fl 03 



CO 
GO 



;ai be 



■- 01 s 






a,T3 be 

OJ O) tn 

T3 %"% 
<D ^ ai 

PQQ 




ci 9 



.^^-z 

.^-§2 



0. ©TJ 






C;p^P5 S 



32 W 



W 



0) 

M r- 2 K 
^ g £ QJ 

^ s s s 

i-ji-sHi-: 






• 9 '^^ 

y-S 5 - 

03 o c ;h 

=s ^ S =^ 

tC tS 03 i_i 



es 


c 


< 





yj 


i^ 


2 









-w 


03 


c 






-i= 



>■ ^H r* "-^ X* 



CD CD CD CD CD 

CC OC 00 OC' oc< 



^H 05 10 U3 •* 



[ii ^ :x; !z; |zi 



QOH02 H O H^ P <b^ 



K, , > 



a 



- be 
be a 



K tT ^ 



O o .= r^ rS 



^W M' 



i o'> S s "= 
' a^ S i 3^2 






^^ S o S 



oDpUpKaj 



In the War of the Rehellion. 



155 



In w 

'!!& 

CO («^ 02 
CO _^CX) 

'"' oe^ 

Q .« 

Ih 5 *^ 
o ^ o 

03 (U cc 



o; ^• 



ct 



5 ?* 

CD ^^ ^H "ti CO '"^ '. " T— I 
GO - ^ " OC' ^00 
'-H^-^CO^--HCC-Hio'QC;^ 

cT^ 6 ,^ oT ci &£'S 6 

1-5 Tj XJ . h- 5 '^ T3 — < T3 

'tS bX3 be SPt! bJD be 5; tao 
f=ojaJ<;4Jo3si<J5ci-. 

S .2 .2 .£ ^ .22 "" "^ 2 



-;^i; 


T3 


"^ •'^^'^ 


.- <u 


cu 


(Lfrt 0)^3 0) 




-l^ 


ii oij o^ti 




5m 


rO CO 


cS 


<A^ CS5« « 








cc 73 


73 


ts c;i3 j-'^ 



;(a3C0CDC0C0CD^C0iCC0m,r; r-^AO 



OlCC'COQOt^OO ,T— I -COiO 

", <i> ■-•, 0; ^v r^ a; q; ..■. • . co 



VI WJ 



^ > at c bC p OtJ^* C Z '^ > O CO CJ 



.73 !zi <i i-s <i I— -s^ 



-,<;z;p '3 



lT3T3T3T3'eT3'T3T3'T3'd'T3':3^'d 
CbCbCbCbjObCbCbjCbCbCbCbCbjD-'bC 



sjJSojcSiSoJcicjcJKsicSoS^K-. sja- S 



CO ^ 



be be 



0) a; 
bCbO 



•~^ S- Ih 



QQQ QQQQpQOpa Q QQQ Qp QQQ QQ QQa p p p p p 



■* 00 (M r^l ■* -^ 
CD CD CD CD CO CD 

00 00 00 00 oc 00 



■* ■* CO ■* 

CO CD CD CD 

CO 00 CC CO 



CDCOCOCOCDCOCDCO 

CCQOOCOOOOCCOCOC 



•^i ^ -^ ■* CO ■* ( 
CO CO CO CD CD CD < 

OC' 00 OC' 00 OC' 00 ( 



CO CD 

00 00 



O 0) 






a 5^ c 



o 

55 cop 



J; O O^ O <U o g' 



. . cj . . c; 

> > h > o h 

O O^ O O) * 

i^i:^;S^pS; 






a; 


> 




U 


> 











CIJ 


03 


to 



01 



ffi: 






H^^ 



s :; 0) > 
> o a3 a; 



c 
^ P 



Mt? S 



CC O 

so 



.22 *^ c o ' 



0) 0; ■> (H 



" " s > 

» Vl « SH 03 
> O > OJ > 



22 '^ t>s i^,c c-" 



K ?> 






^ 03 C c3^ =« be' 
^r:: g ox: c Ox: 



0)0 






O 

•Pp 



s o 



■* 5 >i * 

'< S3 1h ^ 



bjDca^ 






0.5 

c; o 

03*-; 



C 0) ■ 



KH U 



o i- 



50 



-^ o^ 5^ 



bc-2 
beg 



E «> S '^ »i e '^^ 






5;;?> o>-..^^ os:;=L:r==^7?'o^r So 



^;^ 



: j: 5: tti ffi ^^ ^ S 






2i ^ 



■^i-jHh^^; 



C „" ~ 

• .22 S > 
t = S 9 

0) 5 * '"' 
x: r::: c 

3 c>-.> o 



156 



The Thirty-Jird Indiana Regiment 



PS 



(U 



Ol 



III 111 . ill t 

r/i "5 "-^ ci ^ t» 73 G -cj _: 

^,oa:oc CCQ5 .-XJ iffl co oc g QO g ^ 2 ?? 00 

QO ^ - ^ — I CD [K - ^1-^ _-'— ' 13 ,^ ' 

'^GC-j -(x> , Qc „-r^ <r> ^o ^ E_ri^ 

^ ^- (u oc ^- • :; - ' ''^ • oj • . • . ici • a> . 

O c <^ ^^ J2 <1 Q -g .^ ^:: ^ Q <*^ p ^^^ hS ^ 

titTS bC' acSbcU; 'TSCbCbcaCbCtJObCCbCbCbC 

^,0)^^""'-'" a)5idtH>M!H^HdaiSHtHt-l 

X ^ CC !B IJ ai CO ^ O) CC CC IK tn IK Ol Of r/i cc to 

SqqqqSp qqqqSqqqqSqq 

CDCDCDCOCOCDCDCDCO CDCD'CCCOCDJDCOCDCDCD CD 

iX CC CC CO OC' CC OC OC GC OC CO CC CC OC CC 'iO QC CX' oc • cc 

^^^c^)^,-i^rt,-H:: ^^i^,-i;5coT-ir-i^i^ .,-1 

j:: -G ^ _G 

.0 o . • . . • o ■ . « 

^ > > o,^ >j-:Gi2 >at*^>G5PJ:a> -is 

aoo27a)0«S« o "^o o o 3 P ^^ 57 o ^ 



o 

....^..-^ bc.-^.... 

a- o GO 

aT oT tc" 3 <D ■ G ^^ ' ii' oT Oi^G ^- G m <i ' ^ 






'• r- •- +J 



?! - 



^2;^ 



^S^Sf^ 



OJr 



^.-•X 






O'G- 
S ;g' 









^ d t< ;h si „ S 

O , o <l^ <=* G t^_M 

|Ga;2S-|| 



- G 1^ 



iffi^; 



;a3. 



''^S; 



rH r-i *- ►- E^ .— * G " 
G C^ 'S m-^-^ °-G 






G G 
-G-G 

O O 
1-5 I-: 



P^-^05 g CK^M 
G^ G- G S G G 

jh c^n; o G^^ 

OciOb^'^oJOO 



W G 



oi 


-fcS 


K* 


G 








N 


G 


11 




hr 


^ 


fc^ 


7"^ 






0>T3 03 



:0 







---. 






>i 






■tJ 












773-1^ +j • 






^ G • G 1) 






ss cs G 5j;z|' 






02 G G GT 






862; d 
Lieute 
t Calho 
Lieute 
Evans\ 






'-''T3 si'O -1^. 






^- G - G « 










• CD ,-1 






X3 Ol GO 0) CD 






<iirr<^TJlzfi 






fci - _ ^ 


Q 




0^0 ^ 


>- 




bC 0^ fi S -je. 


■7 




^- +j o3 -w i? 


< 




OS Ot-5 oO 




-^ s^ P^ 


Q. 




■? 




a-j 0; Ol 






n 




QpHPPmq 







1—1 


11 




QO 







10'^ -. ^ ^ 


^: 




- -^ - - 


u 






S 




4J 


Q 




0) 


'U 






f- 






tfl 






_i 






z 
u 




■ ■ oT ■ -■ 
















G <i> 3 






CO H72 






^ 






bJD 






In • • • • 






Oj 






CC • • • • 






.+J . . . • 






'/l 






Ij . . . • 




t- 






"A 


(^ • J- d' 2 




< 


-G q; 'H 




K 


;=^ Goo 






bC^OjfMQ 




V. 


John B. Hi 
John N. CI 
Reader H. 
Charles A. 
Francis M . 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



157 



1 .§ Si % 


, Cw 


oc ^ 


S 4J C s a; 


, 3 


— ' K ti CO ^' -" 'M ^ 




i_5(u=cD«D::^ -k^ 


M -k3 


be a> cc 2 a, Qc . « 


ri 




'd . 


O) 'M 




tJOCD 


S3 >-< 






d to 
as F 
d to 
ed J 
ed.T 
d to 
edD 
Oct 
me 2 


_r£ CO 


Og O « 2 O g-J;^^ 










fU p^pqp^QQ^ 


>Q 



;^ 






; -^ a; 



."ti o 

S3 C 

.2 o 



1 •- g -* rifi, 

O) r CO CO 

to ^ oc CC -w I 






s 

ocfi 



<i> t: ti •'-- ■- 

~^ -tJ ;T; CO r^ CO 



, CO 



CO 



^ T3 "" TS 73 j5 h5 



- A be: 



ii ^3^ 'S r he S" a Bbr^ -ri 

<L>" u% ^ - ^^- '" "^ t '^ '^ ^ '^' "^ '" 



;^ • ; I-: < CD GQ 

'd ■^.'^ -d Z- -d 
bC;^ &C'&e'S^fce 

2^3 5 5"*^ 5 



CO 



«} 



OJ g o g 

QJ 2 <1> 3 



-f^ si 
+^ > 

tux 



. * - 



3 !» > 



H^ ^ 



« I^ - si 
0) a> s 



o >: 



s: ►-^ 



3 

S3 - 
C 
si 



OJ 



— w a/ -^ .^ :3 
S Ig Cu H h-3 y^ 



H!Z3 



.-s C! « 



3 r^ O c 









-;:2 si 



5'^ 

sj O 

r; o 






-? lT' Jr' '-' T' ^ lI: 

'X' I-: ^ r* hk H; t-i 



^W 


C CO!^: 


c . 


"' :drji 


t^ c 


P fl 


'^^ % 


cS si 


%Ja 












aji 


L, L- 



o ,- 




158 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



o 
o 



2 s^H 






pec 



^ CO ^ CD 
CCOO 



'■~. ^ 

■I. 



^' P 



55 d 



^4 .CO 

o3 +J ,•00 0) 
_cc r/} f_l t^ > 

" 5-1 " 'i +^ 

CD 2S ^ .i .i 

>> p P P s 






lO 



'as 






00 q; 



si C 



CO n, o 



^ cj CO 

CO oj ^^ 

00 rd 



A CO 

r? CD 

Qoo 



oc 



O ■ 



c . 



.^db 



^ c-i 



CO ^ 

oc Qg 

00 o 



»c 



<u 



a; y Oj 



> r^ xJ t:) "^ I 

. (ii O 0; • 

: be &JC be 






• lO U 



qCC' 



-M i:J T3 t3 «^ ' 
t>s O) .^ <U -; 

.5i /£ % .2 .i oJ 
QP>QP> PPPQP 



a" 5 . 
o jj 7j O 
CO a^^l 



CD 0) 

oc ^ 
3 



*^ ' " ^ -S 



5 3 S;^ 






. c 



bCT3 



^Sg. 



aj -tJ « 



ai r/3 O/ 



CC 5i g ^ r» +i >" 



CO .;S ^ .25 "L 



'M. 



« 






: .22 0. a; .=: 
qa>PGP P 



a; 

^ 3 ^ S 1^ 

>P>eh 




































>^ 



- 0;=: - 



<l^ Q J~ ^ -T 

tc -^ a:: " 

c-c > s > 
o •-:::: 0:= 



Oj 0) 3 

t5 Ha2 



Q 



S3 u 

• o 



>3 cj 
;- •- 



o > 

C r- 

-3.5 



be -■ - 
C "^ G. 

"^ ^ £ 
G'c 3 
S 3 « • 
sP.i^.Sd 



o 



o ., 
.5 



&^ 



-^ 2 ^' o 



.P-:3 c o 



03 s 



o "^ 









" ^ H o Z^ K 3 ^ K '^, _ - 3 
bci^^^'^ST^i-e^^bcS^.S 



-* r; ^ "7^ o > 



>; <-' r< ' — ^ rt 






o^ 



> O j; f3 



^iiS'2^.^.?^33o3^=5 0'iJ,'E33L^ 









K_;g^ 



CM 
o 



5 5>^^ 



o ^-^ 



M o g 



02 S 
OS 



g'^'^^'^ o;g 



Krt 



-G i=; 



0) ^1 
,0 o3 



S^ ?i^ 






■S rj2 '^ m 

t^ <u -; o; 
c S «•> S 

O cs S Bi 
l-j I— 1— ! t 






In the War of the Rebellion. 



159 



t>5 



^ 3 
O 
'M . ^ 
CO CM --^ . 

OOCD « , 



o 

O 



^ uQ 2 ^ <^ ^f CB 

-D 13 rt Td 'Ci '^' T3 

a) d -r o 01 ,-• OJ 

72 cc Ol ^J X OJ CB cp 



a; »0 

^ . 

t3t3 






00 SK 






Is— I '^ 



O) 7; r/) Ji 



--d. 



1^ 


e, of 

le. 

865. 


00 -s 


c 


I— ' 7^ i~^ 




^^ 


:;3 > - 


^ *. 


> OD CO 


OC ^• 


»ci':3 • 


2 5 ^ -H 


6\A 



«3 ii 



I ,2 10 CO JO ,^ TS 



5j > 0) rl 






-M OJ 



a> s 10 o) 



S' S 0; CO ^^^^ CO ^ ^ ^'^ 

O ~ OJ O „" 0) " 3 5)!=^^ 
t3 rrr 's3 -r 



Q r- CO 



^ <^ V ,0 00 OJ Jh ^p S 



-X — ^ CO CO c3 



CJ OJ !>, c; HtH o -■ 

t« Tin S' 33 K • 



^, oj ;^ t3 



o3 c o3 =M _j cj Q ' - ■ '-- 







0:1 












"=* .^ . 












o 



3 o) 03 .^ a; 0) 3 






'/} tw 



• Ho 

•^ be 
So 5 



3§. 






a> o3 

« 1^ e 5^ o o 55 

^ 3 a OJ O O N 



be o -. - 

't3 ai ;^ Oi ^ 



C C c •"v.' 

o o 3 • hc>> 

oj as ^ 2 JD 



*'S5-^ft-i-^o3 •SJH'^jC'tiSai 

P ^- _• S 2 »2 c 02 CO r/} O 1:; S^ £ 












Sp 



.;> 



« 5 



53 ■ 

p;=2 33 



160 



The TJiirty-Jirst Indiana Regiment 



SHtS 



O) o 






o 

O 



S^ =5X2 gj? 



00 , 






t3 lo 



ZD 






a; 



OC. 00 OC' r^ GO ^d °^ 



+3 CD >.; 

"^i +^ lO IC lO 
+j «S CD (X) CD 

,- IC '^ ^ "-• 

,+, CD - .^ ^ 
goD GOOOOO 



O 

'o 
.o 

-»-• o '^ 



be c3 

5^ 






O O 



:: » a; 



^ oc c 



Of,. 



o H^ Q ft ^ ;^ 



O) a; a; 

ftfi C| 

be tiCO 
^H ;^ oj 

o o ^ 

.23.22 S 

ooftftaQftftftftftftOftftQi^^a ujQftftft ftftft 



be bc-^ be be bJD be be bc be 



^i:ra 


^' 1^ a a a 


^at 


1^^ 


" r lU 0/ O) 




S^t* 


ij; oi ^be^be 


bebC'' 




Jii'o o o o 


: 2 S si 


CD'-; 02 


;-; a) CO tK :c 


CO cc 0) 



^ -t CO ^ 

CD CD CD cD 

00. OO 00' OD 



OC' CO O CD 

^ (M r-H ^ 






■^ ^^ "^ ^ ■^ "^ "^ "^ 
CDCDCDCDCDCDCDCD 

OD 00 QC OC' OC' OO 00 GO 



co'go '-H^Co'i-TcD oo'cD ^ 
— I "M T^ C-l '-H ^^ V. 

-t-^ ""* a.+^ Dj S '-' 3 
o & 5- o 5j * &^ 



<i> CD CD 

00 00 00 



■^ "^ '^ '^ 

CD CD CD CD 

00 CO OC 00 



00^ O CD CD ^ ^ 



i P o — 






^ oi 03 






a» 



3 
oi • 

ffi - 

C 

(D 5h 3 



>^ ^ 



g > to , 



GO 53 _r W rM » 

Oi S ej 3 ■ -" S 

I-5CZ3 CClBOO} 



c 
^ si 




c «. S3 co^ S^ 0.2 S^^ ^ C^.5.St3^ 




Jr !_; ^5 ^ "^ ^ 



o— > 2? 



33 i 
O S 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



161 



-^^ Qj J: O) 

a: r^ K^ J 
^ C &>£ 

lO CD "^ CD 
CDco-^" 



^ 00 



Q 6 

lO lO -^ 






t>> •- 

C (:d 
<Doo 

ID ^ 



' 00 .X' ^ 



C 2 C ^ U 






Qj O) 



; 00 






X -^ -^ -5 -^ -^ ^ -G 
O O O tj o oTi 2^ o 
x -/I -r. QO X IK Oj ^ cc 

S55S5qqpS 



■^ "^ "^^ "^ "^ 

CO CD CD CD CD 
CO OC 00 X X 



X OS X CD CD^ „ 

■^H 1— I C^ T— I ^ V. 

o -^ -< X S 






fe ? o i; O'-^ c 







= S S 5 S^ 5 

>- r: ^aj 'h !t o p^ 
11 " 







■d 










o 






























^ 










CO ... 










^ ■; t>> t>> :: 








o> 


ce S .-tf .tf ^c 
x c — :zl -; 




>> 




-^i rS^ 


c.i-i^ S 










»— 1 




enant. 
rted 18 

; woun 
2 ; disa 


, 1862. 

1, at Calhoun. 
26, 1862 ; wou 
exchanged pi 
h 26, 1863 ; dis 
h 14, 1863 ; dis 
863, at Chicka 
iieutenant. 


-t< 






1 Second Lieut 
to ranlvs ; dese 
ed Dec. 8, 1865. 
ed June 2, 1862 
ed April 30, 186 


CO 
X . 

..CD 
lO X 


CD 

X 
— 1 




^ X Ir lO rH t- „4J 


+J -H 


^ 


UJ 


P ^1 -Ti t:? X! ni -g^^ 






> 
z 


-3 g Sc i S: Sc 0^ ^ 


(U 


P 


Oi rrt ic iiC tJO 


bCTi 


M 


Z^ u -^ •~ 


t- Oj 




< 

Q. 


O o o3 cS K 


^Ci z; s c3 -^ o 


ji -k^ 




S'g -i ^ 5^ 


eser 

ied 

isch 

isch 

isch 

isch 

roni 


o 1 


"3 


? 


.-£^ £ 


■li 






o 


a: p:3 5 3 Q 


QfiqSQ^t:«1pH 


PP 




o 


_j' 


^ 


_j" 


_h" 




CD 


CD 


CD 


CO 


II 


X 


00 


CO 


X 


o 


T-l 


,— 1 


t— 1 


T— 1 


z 


I'S^ ^ ., ., 


^^ ^ -. - - ^ ^ 


»^^ 


\a 










UJ 










> 


4^ 


4J 


4^ 


+a 




ft 


ft 


ft 


ft 



(a^. 



O 



W^ 



> fl cp 









-^5 


+2 +i 


C 3 


C 3 


3 c3 


S si 


C1-- 




QHH 


o-^ 


O 


(D 


O i- 


o u 


bjoSH 


tjClH 


.- OJ 


•- O 


>H 


>H 



H fin 



-^ 5 -^ " -^^ 



s < 



■bb_^ 



^ c ^ -^ 






2'-' t« S 2 

S'o S> 5 

x i-T i-j :> cc! 



p;d2 



i s 



5 £ 



„ •- 0) ^. .i: -iJ 



o'S 



t^^™U.'^----t— — _I,^ ^ 



CD - ; 



162 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



C: . ^ 



* -^ -^ ^ --s ■ 






. 'O .:^ -u .- 



^' '^, 00 O GO CO ,M Q 



'^ lO 



cS 



o; 



03 



«3 



I'm'ss'S ^!2 



Oj CO 

I CI 



GO 35 73 
- ^ be 

a§ &d .^^ 



9 &, 



<u 



r^r^rK)'^ 



-O .3:; TS o t3 -S O S_2: 

qSpSpSqo 



+= (M C<) 0) CD 

" ^S • Q CO 
a; CO 00 t>j" ,—1 

«3 i-* ^H ^ r^ ^ 

"-• > ^ ^ 7^ O^ 
oS t3 TS Ti 'o TS 

,— 1^ 0^ 3J .^ a) 
^ bC' be bC _ bc 
;£^ U U %* ^ ••- 

c S 5 S S S - 

3 "o "o "o ^ "S 
O t« CO cc "^ to 



^ 4^ 

OS C 

u 03 

O O) 

P- be 

u u 

O (D 



00^ . 0.2 5 



C3 

+-* ^^ ^^ 



00 



, 'M 



^ rT-< co":^ 02 



I o CO 

n. 00 

;« 

■r" '^ f3 
-:= S^ 



O 

lo '-; oT 

CD o ^ 

oc ^ ri^ 

CO ^"l^ 



S o s 



;-" = 



CO 

J CO 



>- ?; ra -^r ^ 
O ^^ ^ 

" r?^ « r^ CD' 
_a> C(Q CO CO ^-^ 

Tj t:5 T^J "o 
'^' .^ oj r 

O ci =S iri^ 
E .2 ^ .22 .2 



73 OJ . 
(H be . 



"5^ ^ » 



O 

o 
be 



3 - 


t^5 • 


■ t>l 


^ 3 


5 05 . 


3 


Wq:: 


= .-^«_- 




© 


^^ Oj .-. 




Sh o 


t>,;H N^ 


o 


^1 be 


c?!- 03- 


bn 


O "" 


^ Q; Sh 




H> 


OHM 


> 



(D 



c o C Ocg !=^S^ 
oo=30|-^^o 

l^Sal SUIT'S 



3 « 

OK 



^omi 



o . 
be ^H 

— ■ 0^ 



l>5 

OS 



I 1 Sm 

'X-H 



t3 o 

3 bC 



« <l 



73 ^ '-' <D 

w o"^ 3 .2 

^ OhH o s S 

S -r: -r s 'clt^ 

<q t_5 !_; ^ CO tM 



iWpq 
1^ 



CiP-1 
C . 



iH 



CO n3 . — I 
- , 3 O) CD 

O cO 



o3fe- 



pq " ^ '^ '' 

^ 3 3 ojX3^ 

'O^^'^ 9 O 
h^PffiOfClH; 



3 O^ 

;3q . 



^o^ 



-'^ ?'.S 3 
SoW^ 



f^ to ' 
0.-.X3 
3 > fe 

S = l 



1-7. *^H, 



l>5 

be ? , 

3 0^ S 3^ ^ 

CSHH fti 3 [i< _. 



In the War of the Rehellion. 163 






o 



m% 2 1 III ^ =15 I 111 irj=i« 



O Oj t» .^ 



l2'g^vrc^f^'^^S^^S^'^^'^C->- •'^'^^^ C^g^7^^g^^^of 







.2 ^ .2S ::: .22 :;: t? .2^ S o .2 = .2 0^ :z: .22 :{i%^% .i .2 "£ .i .22 .22 S .^ .^£ .i ^S "£ "£ 5* .£ 2 



a) 



5 rtSSj^oj aj^ O ~ '^ O " "Z '^ rrt~ 3 =- 

> Eh> H >H O H (IL. H > S^ Ph Ph H Xg^H 



^ . . ..... . . . . ^ 










t-5::;^S<lHKpHOHQWQpHOO^H?^<1h?«^SH 



164 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



z 
< 

0. 

O 
O 
li. 

o 

z 

UJ 



o 

UJ 

w 

_i 
z 

UJ 



ooo 



bCbC 



ID 

1/1 c 

o 

01 a; 

^ • c 

to C O 

(X) ;^ +2 



>J 



S3-.— ' 






2,0 CO 






(D O) 

■.4J « _-IO . 



(D <X)- 

» 



C QJ— I 



^H 


00~ 


fM 


03 


t>5 


s 


-k^ 


+J 


>5 


0) 


O 


s 


aj 




= 


'5 


73 


Ol 


OJ 

tJ 
















73 'TS^ 


C 


br 




fcx; 


0; 


a; 


0- 


Li 






+-1 






'.« 


o: 


iS 


K 
















<L 


a. 


OJ 


Oj 


o 


OJ 


O 


r/) 


r/i 


71 


-4-^ 




<D 


0) 


<11 


m 


,^ 


o 




GQ 




> 


S 


> 


^ 



-S^? c, c— -^ 



':3 . 



^ OCCD 



Ci 'O 



0) 

-2^ ^^ oS ;-i 
S._t3 ^h'tS 

'^ " - 

12 03 (:o 10 'XI 
^^ao coco 
2 ^ ^ CO — 

O , (M CC CM - 

■'. ^ o t>,aj 

■^ (Xi C'-^ c 

C ^ S S 3 

O -H5'-M-^ 
■^ ., 'd "^ 73 

a; <i> <D CI OJ 

bcC bCSC iX 

;h 3 ^H ^ ;h 

o2 f-^ ^ ^ ^ 

jn ^^ ^ 
otS o c^ o 

x <U 03 OC CO 



oj -. cS - O 



:;c c: :::5QaQP«o Q zi 






^ ^ ^ ^ CO CD CD 

GO OC GO OC Ce GO CO' 



^ -f '* 

CD CD CO 
GC OC CC 



-^ OJ 10 t^ 00 ^ IC 00 ^ CD CD ot 



4J > >X2 -w +i 

o o o o) ci c:i 
C Z ;zi fe O O 



o ■_ 



O O o 



•- S.22 >•-= 

~ >, 'Xl < 



^ o3T3 
• C — c 

4J C5 S3 D 
-iJ n r-t r-] 

^, a> cj 
S o g.S 



ci C S « 



t; s ^ 

> O 3 _ 

si "^j ^ £ S 









^•" CO :7; _K 



H 



OS. 



5 in 5 ' 
2 ^ S 



g^> 



(D '^ ;= ^ t 
■"" I-" r^ (D ^ 



C Oj 0) 

S^ bC' 
>j_S <D.O oi 

.-q y^ O -< Q 



5> 



bJD 

O c e C _ i^ 

^ r3 1^ 5 S - 

r; +3 G 't.< 01 C3 "S 

<; _^ „ tj ^ • c ^' • 



-q> (D c 






?*5 






5 

cS "o 

c c 
o o 



o o °^ £. 



9 o S = 



In the Tr«?' of the Rehellion. 



165 



(u 



-J ?^±i =i si -; 

lo ■ ■" ic -V • - lO 

^ iC 'ffl Ij lO "^ 
QC COCC m QC 
^ 2 -^ -!f OG -^ 

^ 00 ^ ^ 00 (^5 ■ 

S 'I' P a> r^ 

< i-l -< lO Pi >^ 

'd 'd 'O ., tJ '^ 

O;) (i; (1> aJ q;) q; 
be t£ tX C bCbC 
?H Sh Sh 2 ^ ;h 
Cv ^ c5 h-s o3 oi 
rS -Cfl _!, ^ -G 



^ sj' 



■ lllllll 

^ ^ fj i -ts ^ tc 



. CO . . 



+i . si 



o K u 



-i-^ '-1 



iC lO , 



.;cc- 






« <i -: c '^ ;^ O P C 

be tx b£ bc-^i "^ t£ bCTi 

oiiii:sir-Jc3ci53-+J 
A ^ jz, ^ -,13^^ ^- 
cjooo-^ooo¥' 

OCOiaiCO^r/j re !/J^ 

SpqSSq q5S55S555p 



o o u ^ — ^ 
m m rfj iX) m vi 



CC . 

ocOoo5o r;g^g^oD 

"* .^^r^^'-'OO ,^ 

C) s <13 5 s 
1 oTO I-:. P H-S 1-5 

bCO bcbtg bCbCbcbcbC 

Cw • S3 Ci *~5 oi Ci si Oi oi -* 

ajSir/j^a^tncccK^jt/j 



C t. C S^'°^ 
13 O 3 -' 



;St3 _: 

•rt *' . . ci 

^ ciT3 <1^ i 2 

-"^i^ g g o 
— =5±l±;o 

-CiTiTS S • 

o oSiSgi^ 

te fe 00' ^ ^ 00 oi 

-ti Tf( 00 "^^ ^^ 00 
CD CO . Cj • . ^ 

t^'oo'fi^^fi- 

'-• '-^ rd 'T^ 'C! Ti -Td 

■ ■ Cj Qj Z' V Cj 

S a; Ef rt ^ ?t bC 

PP 2 5 5 S 2 

'd 't3 "o 'S cj o o 

flJ <2^ rxj rn rjj :fl :/i 



qhpppppppp ppppppp 



CO CD CD CD CD 

00 00 00 00 00 



COCOCDCDCOCDCDCOCOCDCDCDCDCDCDCOCDCDCOCD 
OO'OOOOOCOO'OOGC'OOOOOOOOOCOOQOOOOOOOQOCOGO 



iftiOi^t^OO t-iO'MOO-^COi 



jg m ^ >^ O 



. o p o _ . . . ^ 

; ^ ji i; -tj -j-i -i-s > p^-( 



§ ^ 'X o :?; izi ;z ^ g § o o o ^ -^ o o S co n 



> +J > 

O c; O 



c 

.. 83 



c 
„ o 



L si 



C q 
' si 



'^ -5 5 -^ tLH ; K C si ^ 



CO •" 



=3 S 



X 



-So 






p o § -< f^ 5 
^ppsa.Q^s 






. c 



^s ." 






T3 C 






5 .03 r -5 r i: S 



■OQh^ 



c _ 

-esc: 
o 






C 

c 

CO 






§ ci 



2:;: "3 



-r o i; - - 



^s<*^<<p^ 





b£ 

C 




-2 
"bt 


S 
-^ 








3 


.2 .'iS 


"5 


'J2 
■SI 


"r.'^ 


11 


rr: 


n: 




a. 


& 

O 


?^ W 


K^ 


^^ 


S- 


h-. 


W 





166 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



Q 
liJ 

I- 

co 

-I 
z 

UJ 



^P3 



=1-1 '^ 



S.kO 
D CD 
O GO 

.^co" 



= _: 3 



; oj -i-i ^ -u 

! lO dJ .^ .„ .., 

i S £ lO lO lO . 

i;i K^cocou5 

) !-, GO 'SC CC' CD 

: oo'T3 ^ — -' GO 



'T ^ lO 3^lO 
CD . CD<1 CO 

'^ bccc „, CO 

^H p — ^ a; 

r<1 



< 00 



02 



I CO 



2 .^ 



(^ -^ '^ ^ <-' 
ft « 



3 D o cu 
J<1 -3l ^ ft 

Tj ,, '^ '^ "^ '^ 

■oj o aj aj ^ <X) 

C M C tX tiC iJt be 

:t ^-< 3 ^1 t- ^ *-i 



ftftQQGQPGftftft 



-H C^l '^ 
CD CD CD 
CO CO CO 



/^^ 



+= rC! 4J 

C (U o 

OfeO 



CD CD 
OO 00 



o o 



o 
O 



0) 

is 






. 3 . 



^ > > t> ^" '^ ' 

<i^ t^ t> i> ^ -^-^ ' 



!t^, 



be cc be ?;> o t^ 








c 

C3 








SSwSro 


3 3 o 


ash-' 
won 
864. 




- a: CO 00' CD 


r- CO SQ 

• — ^^ .,- 'O 




0) ^^ '-*- ^^ ^ 


at N 
,of 
15, 1 




1^ ,_; r^-^ ^H I~^ 


ft 'ft '^ 

OO" he 


lil 


Second 
d Sept. 
d April 
d Sept. 
d Dec. 1 


Second 

August 

Second 

dischar 


3, 1862, 
25, 1863 
d Sept. 


V 


T3 0) <D « CD 


t3 t3 .^ 


. . OJ 


z 


o, be be be be 


Oj 'U 0; _ 


+? 3 be 
2. 'A u 


^^ ^ •r^ U 1-. 


^ OJ +i 5 


<r 


o ci cs =i i: 


O +i O " 


Oft cS 


Q. 






T3 Ti o 


.3 u o ^j 3 


3 <D 3 CD 

^ tC O -^-^ 

C <D $; CD 


^ 


C ai t/3 tC 3Q 


Qj 0) 33 





Pqft ft ftft 


ftftft> 


ftftft 


o 


^ 


^'• 






CD 


CD 




Ll 


CO 


00 







>— 1 


^ 





''^^ » ^ „ 



^ 3 • 






O ' — ' 

*j -e " <D oj 



St: 



^^^ Si o o 






5 g.^is-gj-^'-? 

l-'ftftSt-5?^ftl> 



S ft 



til aj - 

3 5.SP ■ S 

Sft.5l 



3 cfi 5 1^ - 



Q 



> 






ftP^ftO^ 



E O 3 _ ^ ^r^ 

ft ft > ^ '§ S" S 3 
<Di^c3><o;::3r^ 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



167 



OJ CD 



1' 


>0 


br 


^-1 


u 








^ 




!•■) 


OJ 


Tfl 


v; 






T) 


Tl 




O) 


^ 


i>C 






cS 




L. 


^ 



>Q 





q 


IC 


«= 55 


s 


CD ^ 


oc . 


QC'H 


""'O 






of^ 


■X ^q 



Jh2S 

C2 si 



bO 



c3 '[^ • si ^ 

GO d CO . 2 • 

.22 -".22^ 

•: .^ t>22^ .^'^ 
■ '"^ be 






lO '- 






oc r^ 



<M CO "2 ?* 



O _ fa 

->^ .t^ .1^ ^;^ ::2 "^ ^ - 

^ 772 ::; '-c •- •- ;^ ~ m 



.t^ t» 



l-N CU _J 

CD cC'**! 



-52^ 
.i- a - 
-5 .2 .2 

QQ cC' 'X M ^ ^^ ,x y-i -^ cc r^ 

S ^ S M ! ^' S^ S S^ S ^' 



^- 1:^ X S 

I -^'"IS S ^ .a; "S 57 Q S 3 -B ^ c 
I^i '-^ lo ^h. Pi fa .22 ^ -^' ^ .^ ^ 2 



Q ^. 



co<l 






"S /£ .2 

>PP 



1 "i* 



.2 ^ .i .22 ^ .22 

o '^ ^ (^ '■i ^^ 






_ Oj O 4) ^ 

tX) be tc 5 



f^ - 

be be be _ bC' bjo b£,5? ^ ^ ^ .^ - 
cic:c3s:c3cict,^cicisicii-: 

Oi r/) oj ^ '/) M '/J -^ "t: a; rB X O 

p > p p > a ppQqQ5p>pppw>pppp 



X 



do 



• s 

. 53 




.w 


+3 




^ 


be 


sc C 




6^ 


^ 



•-"bE' 



(^ _^ ^ o ^ ' ^^ * ^ 1.^ 



0; S ::S (D 



I— 2 =i. 



!=: <t1Mx-^^SoJ^^ 






re -£5 

l-i -^ fa 



so = — 






5:: y in 
o t» o 
0<iO 



o 1 

• =^ • „- • c" • ^ - - J • • aT = • • ■ . . . . 

CD Eh '■"-' --S-i^Sy^, rH^-„.>g - . S si . -O). . • . 

- 5 5 ^ c 2 ''-^ S^ c J'^ >? ^' S o S t«^5^ S ?R --S S s c ^ --J^-J"^' 



oc 
f-1 


1- cS 


< 


in 


2 


^ i: c i; i .ii! c- 
:^pq osq u g 5 


s 




^ 




a. 










.5 




Joseph 
Howar 
Nathan 
Barltet 
Joel M 
Hiram 
Jonath 



lt>S 



Th*^ Thirf^-ifr^^t IiiJiiino T^r'^Jiru-nf 



XL. 

> 

z 
< 




1 

i 1.1 

^ - ~ i: > t 

iilpiil ill iilillil^Hi 
nil: li|= = ^:|'p|ii|ii:if 

,1 £ M z ,1 < ,1 ■? z J si -^ i «-| s -N^--? rfi 
.-=%-||l |i- 11=1 = ||| =5^ II = 
■'■"'t|||= = |t|||l||lf||||l| 


1 

i J 

^ -S »-i := 

S.*'"c — "^ 
, »r ,- c ^ »- 

■^ c r C -r ^^ 

lliJll 

— jr 1. V >. — 

311113 


O 

u. 

O 

z 

Ul 

S 
o 

Ul 

« 

T. 


<<- 
~5 


1 


i i J :: 




1 

1 







I ^ ' ;^ ^ ^ ^ . ' ^ * : 






W 




111' 


». C a> ^ ^ 




9. 


























! I - 1 :- If -U : --i?! : ■ - ■ : 1 -f if l-i 

4^-1 1 £ II i ^1 111 '. ; ■ IS "-I siilJI 

c J-|-5 I f 5 S:Sl- J 1 = 11?- ii^S^^,^ 


— C * V 

"3~ "^ "3 "c ^ 



/// Mr ]V,tr of' //,,• U, />,//;,>, I. 



|ll*.> 













c o 

J3 ^, 
5^ -« 



1' .., 

•■~ !V •- ^ 



W-C 



« ^ 



- - ^ «j ;s 



^ .^ aj 0) .„ 


-^^P,-^ 


y,-^ 


t* _ t« bt' 


i^'d ■■ 


^' rS' 


•^ c -^ -^ c 




i^ c 


53 03 03 S3 33 




S3 S3 


isch 
etei 
isch 
isch 
etei 


rans 
eser 
etei 


-Si 

.22 tu 


a'r'QQ> 


Ha> 


a> 



•jm 


-d iJ'd 


"S 


x> 


U-. ll »-i 


**-< 


at 


s8 a * 

k. S L. 


£ « 


^ 




-a-r; 




865. 
1865 
toK 

1865 

865. 


1865 
hens 
865. 




--i _•■ >i _• ^ 


► ** i-H 


-f 




^< loo 


4_j 


. 4J 0) . 


K 10 • 


0) 


C C '« C « 

OS 3 S 3 ^i 


«^S 


y. 


►-jt-t'~H}Q 


h^'-'Q 


-2 


xl "d "O '^ 

0) i O) 01 


'?"T^ 


W) 


be bed be be 


boB be 




iM tn a> ^ l-< 


u ss Cr 






«!-} 85 


^ 


jaj=i fc^j3' 


"^---fl 


en 


^^^*" 


U%^ 



_Q^QQ_Q QQQ 



'^ 't? ^ '^ 't? "t^ "t* "f 'f 

00 <X' 'X cc 00 00 X cc 00 

to CI CI • CI "—I ci CI ci rSi i 



-f} 



> a-ft tit J Q-S.'* 
,5 0)0; ^^ifSTv^ 
>'. ry: r/2 -^ <- C 72 -/J •< 



'oi *"o C'C 

> -^ "r-^"'■'^ 3>^,' -Ch^^h" •• >1 M3 

rtOJO) Ot~^0)Ory) j::S!>Oa;.rO^rtO0)-5a5 






CO . eo • • • 

-d .-d 

03 ■ 83 ■ • 


• >* . 


0.0.., 


^ 


w « 


3 


Wi r/) C 


• 


«] • tn • 15 




00- 




-^ r »v .: 


■5_a; 




OWO.y2 33 


OM 



•d a> c 
"3 0J.5 

C0H 3 



^■>! O Sh 



S fn i 

=:'d :5 

r cd 



o) j-i .2: o 1^ ■- ii^ o> 



■n ^ 



0) -u 

3 • 



0> 03 



O ^ 



« c 



C 03 
!3 J3 
.^ J3 



00 



S 3 C in 



0) o 



O. 



J= > T' ~ — 



•/■-' w ' 






■•5 M :2 .s; J 



01 -ti 

til ' 






>- -^ n O) 






P 3 ^ C -S ?: -11 ^ 



_0j^ 



— . C 
01^ 
O O 



■3^ 
T1 


-1^ 


S 


-^ 


w 


■d 


be 


as 



01 


0) 


5 



o 3 
'/I " 



>-}*-: ^ *-: 'f: *-: ^< 



• O 

O C 'K '/3 

c-^ 3 S 

0).- 0) 0> 



170 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



i-i '^ 



t3 3 



,, - _ OC CD 
^ Oj liO " ^ oc 
o X r-< _r -^ 



a,' ^3 +^ •— 

CD .r; ''^ S CD lO 
y ira m CD Of- (^ 



- . CO 
S CD 



M 3 



01 
-t-i 

•t^T3 « 
+^ a; if 



■^ 2 CD ^^ CO 55 Qc 1^ 00 



(M 



ex- 



c 


O C ±i O - -tJ c 




1^ = .=; a> 3 cj =^ 


H5 


QH, opi-,OP 


'rt 


1^ iXj CS -Ti ^ ^ "^ 


0) 


bC' bC_g' bJD be bX) bC' 


bf) 


u 


oj- 


(3^ ^ , ^ t; 'Tj; ttj 7^ 


^ ■* 


^ ^ ^ , ^ .^ , ^ , ^ 


CJ 


o o-^ o c; o c; 


cc 


t/3 ?/; 1 — 1 -y; x m a; 



Q QQ^pQQp PQCCQQ CC 


;^CPCmPQPPQ 


CDCOCOCDCOCOCDCDCOCOCOCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCOCOCO 
GOCOCCCCCCCCCCCCCC'XCC'CXJOCO0CC0C0C'0Ca;CC'3C 


(XJCOCOCDCDCDCDCOCDCD 

00 oc -CC' 00 cc ac' 00 CC' oc CO 




C C^ S -1^ C -J 

- - - y s o 



t3 "^ "3 "^ T5 'C 
O CU OJ Qj O; 0; 
be be it be tX be 






:Qt 



o o o cj cj c 

X X X X X X 



; ^ lO ^ § lO ^ 

^i£ CO °o oc 1^ 00 
' 00' r^ 00 ^ ^ Qo ""^ 

- ■ uu - . . oc -M g ^ '^' ^ 

cc;-cc)c-«^rt 
sobeso.'^c^^S 

»-: G .C K- Q H;, O 1-5 1-5 

be be"-^ be be be' be be be 

'o'o'^'S'o'y'c'o o 

X X OJ X X X X X X 



a1 O O 



be be-^ 

K ci c3 






_.ij -j-i -ti 



5 be ^- 5 ^ -• 1:? _ 

Sm :: Q." c? ci ii o o o o)' 
S H^ ^, X O x C C C v: 



x-<Sxt-5xCX!X''1 



. >3 ^ 

. = 



' -^ be' 

■ — ; X ^ 



C |>, 



:^ X -^ 



— '^22 • •= X 



-^ O _:::i o; ..2 i:^ .,- lU ' 









'^ Sr 

II 



;h 'X 

„ . , . ^ Ol C3 



CO 
c; o 

C3--1 



--1-5^ c»j 



S C - Oj i, t^ • • • 

° "C 'H .5 '^ g ■ . x-^ 




— I •v _ ' ' _— , jj «j ij-i _H ^, ^ ,i-H '-/J --S . 'J-' ^- rn r~^ "-^ ^ r^ -< '— i— < 

;:ic;s^c^CG^^«--+^;::;Go__Gi-i-'3^2><]OC3;:q;i 
SSoS^xOO^-tf°=Soi^'a^o05i=so"3=3:;:c 
5 - i^ 3 O ^ ^ r ,=^ 't^ _¥ ^" j:: -^ O ^ '^ ^ ,7. ^ -^ i:- 5 r 3 






TS 


be 






^' 










^ 


c 






w 






n) 

























4^ 

0) 


c" 


X 




1 


V3 

3 


> 

"3 


-< 





ce 






HH 


s 


0- 


§ 


(—" 




Thon 
Alex 
Drue 



X 


^ 


3 

32 


C3 


[^ 


0) 





In the War of the Rebellion. 



171 



Discharged June 20, 1865; substitute. 
Died July 21, 1864. 
Discharged Dec. 8, 1865. 

Died July 25, 1864. 
Discharged Dec. 8, 1865. 

Pi'omoted Second Lieutenant. 
Discharged Oct. 20, 1865 ; drafted. 
Discharged June 20, 1865; drafted. 
Died P>b. 11, 1865, at Iluntsville. 
'Died Nov. 11, 1864, at Pulaski, Tenn. 
[Discharged Aug. 21, 1865; drafted. 
Discharged Dec. 8, 1865; drafted. 
Died March 8, 1865, at Iluntsville. 
'Dischiirged Aug. 21, 1865; substitute. 
[Discharged Oct. 20, 1865; substitute. 
iDied Dec. 31, 1864, at Pulaski. 
Discharged June 20, 1865. 
Discharged Dec. 8, 1865. 
Discharged June 20, 1865. 
Discharged Dec. 8, 1865. 


cDcci:cir)!:D!:c':ccD':ococDcDcocDcoiocDcococDcDco 

OC X CC CC' CC aC 3C CC' CC CC X CC 'X 'X QC^ 00 CO OC QC GC GO cc 

o CO ct'cD «5~«5~io'i>^oc -^"cTcD lo 00 CO iS ^'£<£^ -^ co 

■>^ (M i-H ^ r-l T-H <M ^ C^l ^ ^ Ol CO C^ C^l 1-1 IM 

C ;^ <; g § < g O ;z; r^ OQ CE 2i ;z; -^ CK O ^ r/3 § ry2 g 




- 


Bedford, . . . 
Vigo County, . 
Crawford County 
.Tasoiiville, ■ . 
Bloomfield, . . 
Coffey, .... 

Bloomfield, . . 
Evansville, . . 
Brownstown, . 
South Bethany, 
Mitchell, . . . 
Wadesviiie, . . 
Evansville, . . 
Bedford, . . . 
Elkinsville, . . 
Ilarrodsburg, . 
Harrodsburg, . 
Bean Blossom, . 
Georgetown, . 
Ewing, .... 
Lewis, .... 












.Tamos Owens, . . . 
Charles K. Peters,. 
Stephen liowland, . 
.Fason jM. Rogers,. . 
Penjamin Shafer, . 
Owen T. Stark, . . 
.Fosej)h Stewart, • . 
William G. Smith, . 
John Smoak, . . . 
George W. Snyder, 
Frederick Snyder, . 
William Smith, . . 
Wright Stalling, . . 
Andrew Strah, . . 
Andrew Tenq)le, . . 
.Tohn Terrell, . . . 
.Tames Trueblood, • 
.Tohn Trueblood, . . 
Tohn Tutro'n, . . . 
John W. Teford, . 
Coffman S. Wirt, . 
William E. AVelch, 







>> 




>S >5 














*J 4-3 




















































,,T 




.C J2 






































X 




X X 


































































• ' ^— 


— 


...... 




-iJ ^ 






Tl '" 


— 


■M CC 




— '- 






-^ — — 


- 






sS C 








1 -> 






— *a 










































^ 0^ 










c; t~ 










•»-l 


— ! 


'M -H 




a;*— 




















"S ^ 


n3 






-::t3 


















— 


Q 


« Cw 




X C 


rT 




%~ 






fH O 






xs'Z 


X 


-CJ'CJ 




t,x 


>- 






— 






tStS 


z 




^< 


.s 


tX tJC 


































n 


























1 




X — 


p 


X v. 




t, C 







~-Ji 


— 


— — 




::^Cu 


o 




cc 








CD 


u. 




X 








X 


O 












T— ( 


z 




IC ^ 




-. - 




»a^ 














UJ 














S 




^ 










Q 
UJ 




(t 








a:i 




cc 








m 














H 














co 




























-I 














z 




^ . 


_" 






^ 


UJ 




-5 (£ 


^ 






o 
































































o 






C 






C '*■ 




























^ X 


0- 






*^ 






4^ • 














































X 
















o 
















ij: ■ 
















5h 
































^ , 














■J« 


^^ 








X 








fts. 














'^ 








< 


.. *. 




< 


•■"' *r" 






a- 




'*»^i 




K 


— X! 








c 


'^ o 




^ 




.. 




o 


^ 


tj ^ 




•^ 


>rz 


'•Li 


■ H; 


^ 


o s 








OJ 






»/» ^ 




uC 


^ "^ 


^ 


wS 


o 


Hi 






xX 


^ 


5 S 




Md 








a. 


^ ^ 










X = 


- 


j3:- 




X i 




















r" "^ 


^ 


— 


— 




^ — 



172 



The Thirty-fii'si Indiana Begiment 



o 

>- 
z 
< 

Q. 

o 
o 

IL 

o 

z 

UJ 

o 

UJ 

h 

(0 

-i 
z 
u 



+i +^ r- 

d C o3 
si ce i 



be W) 



^ 5 



02 a3 O 









^ 4J 0^ -ti CO 






CO '^ 



O (M 

a CO 



C-1 -H 'ti 
5D CD . 
00 CO_Q 

"^ -^ Xi -^ '-' 73 

+^ ^^ ^1 3 3; ^ 
p oj oj 0^ a; -/! 



be be 

^ Si 



u o 



bC'aj'io 

tn S; CD 

a> r-^co 
CO 3^ 

"^' ?.'^ 



.QCCCO fiP G S 



p-9 a^ 

CD Oj o Ci 

:» ^ in .30 

0) a> 0) 
be be be ,_ 

■^ -^ %* ~- 
oi ci K K 

'S'o'3 5^ 

s c c ^ 



Jt^ 1:?^ ^- 



•^1 "^ 



1^ c5 

CD OJ 

CO' be 

'— " u 
co^- 






^in i^;s 



be ;: ■ " 
^ o) :: 

.2£ £^ 



lO -rH u7) CD 

«3 ^ CD QO 
CO cS 20 ^ 
— ^ ai ^H 

00 p ^. C CO g 
^'^ ^'^ ^'^ 

»J3 (D CD 'J-' li^ ID 

^ bc-H be'-i bC 
. ^^ ;^ . tH 
+2 :S 1^ ci 4-a o3 
Q^^ C ^ P i <-] 
Oi O S O <li O 

1^ TJ rjj T;3 rQ T3 
<P .„ OJ .„ <B .^ 

bjD^ be- bC_ 
^- -- t, C ;h C 
oj 03 oj J3 oj « 



CP 



Oi 



4, ■ 



<D 









c • c • ■ 
o . o - 

o -'^ o +^ 



c be • • • 

bCX2^ — 



o ^ 



pq 



W 



3 "5 



- ^ o 

!« 5 C 



be 
t3 






bCr(3 



-•^ _rz; 

Ph 3 5 ^T, • "3 



■/; 



r* ^ '^ rn „ 



(U 






'^ ^ 



^ ^^ 3 ^' s 

0^ <D M 0; Ti 



Oj^ ci 



0) 

s 



-- CD a; g 



Q-^ 

m 



'Wh, 



ox 



S g N g^ 

•» rfy LC U-. U-. 



i-r 'X H H^ Hj 



; ci o; 



r-pq 3 
" PQ 

■ 'Za f 



0) tK 

Q 5 

o ^ 









Ci oS 



^OQ 



t^h^ 



k4 



In the War of the RehelUon. 17H 



o • S c 



2 o t^ . 03^ S "^ t>> 



;f^ 



>3 ci 



1^; ^ -S goo'-d.^ oS^'oT ^_|-.^^oo r5g| "^^So^c^^ 
TjO^ .„cD- »^ £ g -S^^S -^s^^ .oT^^TJ ^ ^iSlg-g^-STS ..- 



2 -^^ _| » -11 J h:; Q r^ Oj' g g .» CO ^ Pq H^ .1 






^ g ^ :^ .S2 r:: g S .22 .52 ^ .22 .i' .^ .2 ^ ^ ^ .^ .2 .2 .22 o .^ ^ .22 o .Si .2 .Si ^ .22 r^: 

>H> WP ^h;bPP>PPPPP>>OPPC;> P>PPPPP>P^ 



K5. 



CO 



c • • • c bcc tjac'-'-'-'c c be 

bc:^ t*^ bc^ g bx::=; n:: :::: r^ be r^ be ^ 

— > — rrf— > o'-:^^ £■'> — :;::^::"-->•2-'d- 




174 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regimenl 



o 

>- 
z 
< 

Q. 

o 
o 

u. 

o 

z 

UJ 



^ 4J 



CO 



c3 ^ 

<li O 

0) o 

ceo 

« 02 



t-J 






i.^^- ... 

^; ;i; ii ;;n lo CO 
o •=; " •- 1:0 cx) 
O -^ 5 -2 ^ ^ 

2 ^ S 'j^ -cc - 

3; .^CO •" ,3, o 

^ (^ CO ro S ^H 
00 '"' 'X jj; r^ 

_ Tfi ^^ -^ a_, tj 
a; <B 3 OJ i o 

T3 r^ rj- r^ T3 '^ 

0) Qj Qj o; .„ .^ 

^ ^H ^ ^ ^ R 

sj 23 03 ci J3 JS 

00 «o ^^: 
.2 .22 :ii .2S oj a; 

QQCC>> 



0) +^ 



■ >> S3 



'■.'2 C 1 



o 



-►f C3 ^ Oj a> CD &i 
^ rr-, ^ rn ^-^ — rr^ 



« .sal.- 

CD ^ X, '^1 =0 r^ ' 






t3 a:' 
0) a; 
— ' I- 

? c 3 
C3^ o 

• 2 ^^ 

; o ° « 






'M 



10 



-k^ CO ^ 



"5 \,ID' 



-IC 






I^.r3 



- -1^ T-H 

'"■' 'M ^ ^ C-l 
C^ CD . H^ jj ^ 
a CC'^_>5"g_CC' 

•-:cD'f^'-5'^co 

'O ' Tj T3 ^ 
tit' S' S£ i£ it -9 

03 c: i: fci 



OJOji — ^"CirXlT; m ^ rj. -Ji 'Jl Qj 



■-I tn c^i c^f 

• ^- CD CD 

-t; sco'oc 

CO ^ CO CO 

r;^ OS'"''-" 

?f CD 0% 



2i .S; :;:2 "S g .22 ^o; 



rj. -Ji 'Jl Qj rfj 



« eg 

bCbC 

53 OS 

00 00 



5Qt2>H5> -QQQqQffQOQQ 



QQ 



1§ 



cOco" 

'-^ 1—1 

be be 



PP 



few 



CD CD 
00 CO 



iZtLH 




rvi -7, 'n tT; m t-TI M r7, M fi3 W rT', 



COM CO 



COcC SX'fdCQWcO 



bc;:::! ^;:h 

o .ti S=; .t: 

--H s I' G 






O rj 



C . 
0-5 



d O' 



? ,'■-.= .^ 03 






>- 





O) 


m 










« 


^ 







t^ 


M 



>^ r^-" ^ 



oi a3 



•=§P^ 



f^-^ c 



.2-3 



H ^ w ; 



osZ 



tj '-0 



Si t>> 



X3 



a} 



be 
P.S 



^ £ s ^ 
S3*. 



.2 bbbb 

o o 



O) Qj 
Oj !/: 

! pq h^ H ?: K5 ffi H^ ^ 



> G S.^ — 






'X^9 o:>;:JS'3 be bt^^ ;.w >:h 

S^|.Sg->'t:3^.2^SSS 
OP^r^H^S'CPP^-^P^-5COCK^-5 



'^ S 

« . c 

bc>» 
o c 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



175 






!K 



Kit. 3 



t^ 



^ -^ -^- 2 «:' ^ E' 2 



f> 


^ 


p 


> 


tS 


t/j 


Sc 


^ 




-i-j 


K 


rr 






u 


■CJ 


^/. 


o 


QC 






3- :3 o W ^ ^ S 



Co e F- 






^ 1"^ ^ IS '^ 
OC lO OC' Jg cc 



'1-1 ^ - i* CO r- ri-1 "^ - 



cl» S ii o O) 

p^p flp 



Ph^-^CP ^H^P 
n. '^ . ;^ -^ -- '^ 1, nj ni "7^ n. P ri "-, '••i •• , •■ rti 



':i 0/ O; 



a^ i C - - 

'/I X ~ ■/; X O 1/3 cc ;- 



a> i. a, ■: o 
viC c rt = rt 






Of 

P 

V 



o 


_ ^ -w ^ 


^ 


















^ o ^ ♦^ "^ »c 




S: ^ ^ 4J rH ^ -H 






-r ^cc Ico''"'- 




: 






lO ^ CU , 3 i? 3 




"i£^?5^S- 






f-^"— ^-r, '^■c'oS^'o '^"y rS 



? be ;:i^ !^ iC it 

1^ ^, -^ i^ t. :_ 

F>; cs <; K a c: - 
"Co '^ " "o "5 

OJ Mj O) r/j -/: X 



iP^PPP'^PPP^'^CC C'^'^' 






CO GO OC' 00 OC OC' OC «; CC CC 'X 



CD CD 

CO GO' 



COCDCDCDCOCDCC^ — ^^CDCD CDCDCDCD 
00 CO 00 OC OC CO X X X OC 00 QC' GO X CO X X 



<X;'M5DCDa2t~QC05COa505 -mo CDCD— iCDiOOCDtNCOlMCDCOO (MiCt^co CD 



fe psH S an<:fai-;afa<j!g fa fa '^ry2g2:;^fal-jfaPfa§Cfa 



a^i S --Q p^ W-Q d+^^ 



G> 3> <3i ,- 
faPfaCC' 




i-<3-'S"^^^©c *'^a> 






„ - __ ' ts T^ •— 



■— ' G a-' 



X C 



r; c 



^^^^:^(a4gS^So^?ss:w^^^-ii3^cS^f2^^:^^^^^ 



■- 5 <» 



176 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



O 

>■ 
z 
< 

Q. 

,2 
O 
O 

u. 
O 

z 

Q 
Ui 

h 

co 

-I 
z 

Ui 



H Eh 






lit) lO 

. CD CD 

lO CXJ 00 

CD--" ^ 

^•00 ., . _ 

CO oj 3 ^ cc 
'-H Q <1 ^:; «M 

£ q; oi oj i: 

^ r^ rC 

■^ c; CI o '^ 

O) CO CC Oj o 



OQQPQQpj 



GO 

^ cc ^ 

^-'^ 
^^ 

Vi -i 0; 
(S3 <) +^ 



CD ^ CD ^ „ OS C^l CC 



i:: (M 



c^^ c^ 



fe 



& ft-? c 

<a O) 'I' ci 



42 






'ji W 



.2 -*^ 



x 






=^ to CK — s X I-" 

^ _, ^ TO I^ ^ 









^ r^ Z^T^ '^ O Cj o 











4J 
















fl 
















Sj 
















0) 
















M 


















4J 


-u 


4^ 










a> 


c 


c 


c 










CK 


oj 


oi 


=a 










4^ 


be 


0) 

be 


be 










Sh 


u 




Jh 






-ij 






<!) 


a; 


0) 






c 




E 


3Q 


CO 


CO 










CO 


00 ,■ 




52 >J 






0) 






-U 


p^ ^ 








-!.:> 




lo 




.-t^o 


10^ 






3 




CD 




—. CD 


CD X2 






0) 




OC' 


,Q 


.22 

(X "^ -V 


00 cS 


-^ c 




t-1 








T-l r/l 


s s 








00 




'C.Soo 


od'^ 


K o 




j^ 






;^ ^ 


Cx! • 






CD 


8S 


6 

dJ 


M^ 


■' 1^ 


<U CD 


12 


CO 

^-1 




CO' 
1—1 


Q 


CO,-H 




P^ 


^ 


^ 


T3 




"^ 


^J] « lOTj lO 


a; 


-^"■•^ 


0^ <B 


0) iM 


'^ 1—1 


^ 




^ 


bt' 


CI 


^f CD' ?* 


be^i 


^ CD 


-ij 


O 


■+j 


s 


• -t^ 


^ ^ =* 


oj -ti 


ooc. 


Oj 




a 


r-j 


' c a 


CO' ,0 r- 


^ a, 


ij ^^ 


Oi 


o 


dj 


■ o 


s5 Cj 


>-! CD 


Oi 


a; ^ 














'^ 6 


Oj 




0) 


. rv 


0) OJ 


•r 3^ ..- 


.^ OJ 




fcuC 


c 


be 


JT 


bC be 


aif'c 


C ^ 


5 


je 




ci 


S S- 


<ri 3 ?i 


s s 


O OJ 


■11 








03 Ol 


ied . 
isch 
eter 


0.2 










fu'QG 


i^ 


O 


■ > 


OP 


OQ> 


>P 


^■~^'~ 








^H 






1—1 


CD CD 








> CD 






CD 


CCOC^ 








oo 






00 


T— I ^H 








T— 1 






T— 1 


irTio 








IO~, 






• 10 ^ 




" 


- 


- 




• "• - - 


" ~* "* 


- 


4J 4J 








4^ 






4^ 


a a. 








Oh 






& 


0) 0; 








0^ 






0) 


rxim 








'X- 






CO , 



be 



2 fe 



Ox 



CLi-ii 



." bC: <1; be 

O Sh ^ ^ 

^ en bi; w 
5 C G C 

0.) & o, & 

OOxO 



50 pq 



H M 






o 






K O 



to k^ 



tn ^ .S 

3 iH ?^ 



t( ;3 



be o 

c 3 „- 



t;^^x sf 



o 

p 



fli 3 



O SP 



p; 


be 


-u 


3 


3^ 


« 


t/j 


rn 


3 


OS 


Oi 


O) 


5 


P^O 



:==.9' 



, ■- a; 
■ .« CO 



;^g^w: 



^5 

r3 CO 

S be 



W 



In the War of the Rehellion. 





Calhoun. 
863; disability, 
each-tree Creek. 
864, as First Serge 
L862; disability. 

Dec. 8, 1865. 
Calhoun. 
865 ; exchanged p 
1864, as Corporal. 


>j 


03 
W 

X 






2 


isabil 

disab 
isabil 

1865 

e. 

sabili 

in. 

sabili 

le. 

sville 

1865 
disab 
iisabi 
■JU'. 
111. 

Cor|) 


CD 
X 


"CD 
COCO 
CD,-H 


as 
1862; d 
1864. 

1863; 
1862; d 
32. 
Dec. 8 

y- 

at hom 
863 ; di 

Calhoi 
S63; di 
vansvil 
at Loui 
Dec. 8 

1863; 
1864; c 
Ovansv 

Calhoi 
1864, as 


, 


"^^W-H'dj^^ ,. 










8, 1862. 
Sept. 8, 

9, 1864 ; 
Oct. 13, 
Xov. 13 
ischarge 
. 1862. a 
May 12. 
Sept. 15 






fj 


lO 




Sept. 1 
Sept. 1 
March 
Sept. 1 
pt. 20, 
iseharg 
; disabi 
20. 186 
April 1 
4, 1861. 
Jan. 13 
■, 1862; 
22, 186 
scharg 
March 
scharg( 
1861, i 
), 1861, 
Sept. 1. 


^ 


^ t3 '^ 'tS t3 '^ "^ ■^ t3 


xi'T^ 




'rJT3'T3T3,7j'CT3'3'd^'d^'^'TiT3t3-^^T- 
Qj v <ii <v .,a'k:a','i<i>,r o • -o 
be be bX' bt'TJ ^se5be5bt5'3^bc;_S-gbjij 




Feb. 
large 
July 
large 
large 
ran ; 
Feb. 
large 
large 


a< '0) 




fciC 


bet* 


. 


o 


'Cu'^oo^'^cio 


o o 




'o'o'o'o S^i^'o'C'o'd'y'CQ^'oa^TJTS'o 




w X O X 'ij '^ O x X 


X X 




.22 .2S .2S .i' S) % 'ii '^ '^' '^ ''' ^ ^ % '■ % '-^ "^ '^' 


s 


CCOOOt^OOQ 


QP 




Qqpao>-bccSc5G>c>pp5 



^ .- - "3^ .- ^ ,. 































- - 








.i 

o 


Owensburg. . 
Owensburg, . 
Springville, . 


Owensburg, . 
Hobbieville, 
Harmony, . . 
Bedford, . . 
Hobbieville, 
Center Point, 
Scotland, • . 
Bloonifield, . 
Scotland, . . 
Pleasant Ridg( 
Owensburg, . 
Pleasant Ridg< 
Owensburg, . 
Staunton. . . 
Owensburg, . 


Scotland. . . 
Center Point, 
Hobbieville, 
Owensburg, . 


1^ 
S is 

oo 


Center Point, 
Owensburg, . . 
Hobbieville, . 



^ =: ■ c 




2 


0^ IB 


£ 


c 


S3 




O 


'^ 


T. 




03 




X 


-a 



178 



The TMrty-firat Indiana Reghnent 



>i 



,ti • - yd 5 

— ~ ® _3 

'S j2 cc ri 



Ms 
i Si o 

9?0( 






r^P^ O 



cdJ? <u, 



: Gc^ +? .CO -t;. 



CD a;; 



c 




a 




s-i 


si 




a; 




Oj 


1-1 


o 


x 


00 


X 


Ti 


w 


T3 




T3 


dJ 




0) 


> 

o 


Oj 




Cb 


he 


be 


c3 


w 


ca 


;< 


a 












t> 


nd 


o 


XS 


o 


w 


0) 


t/j 


0) 


rj. 



ri 1 



G o . 

,£3ficoO 

(^2 '^ • CO 
CC 2 Q,CC 

o a; 

c» .* '^' lO 

^Tdr--H ■ 



• — .— ''^ 



ct 



'5 2 ' 



:<^ 



.ii .^ .^- .;; i .;i -H ^ .2 ^ .2 .2i ° .2 .S a; .2 .2 .Si .2 ^ .22 .2 a; 



, Q .23 =2 rx ?^ 

i 0^ o „ OJ OJ • 

I be bC _ be bC' c 

, ;^ -r. C -^ u iz 

) cs ci ?3 « OS h-5 

03 t/3 ^ f/2 CC O 



-• CD (D 

; '"' fjo 
.^■°^'^ 

'5 u •' 

o a- '^1 
^ Ci "=0 

^ ^ ^A 

CC' x; «-' "^ ,£5 
o ": ^ 'M "- 

IM Ti r^ --^ T3 

,: . ., o t»l . „ 
o ' be— 



QC S 



be 



Q> 



t>3 — r= 



O K 



be 

T3 - 



C G CO ^ 
— OJ oS ^ 

■' " "' o 






> o ^ > S T 2 
bc pL, <« be-- r •- : 

rv O g ;- O Qj O 



be 
■ -75 ' - ' ' 

- ^ i5 • -2 • ^ 

S S S .5 2 — c ' 

j:; X! K -(.i ^ +j 0^ 

OS o^ 8 ° § =^ 

ffi ffi Ph :/3 ffi X C 



C i 

w 
-i si 



orj !-i 
^ O 



c o 






CD ~ 



ys G G o S - g^ c::^ s G g Cts §nd c 8 2-^-^g g S S'S^ ?^ 



o t*3 0- 

0^ ■ 



:P^P5 



73 OT3 be 



In the W(tr of ilie Rebellion. 



179 



m -f. s 



CO - " 



tc a^ O ; 



hr.^ -t: lO .tf CD 



C — 



c .^"S "" 9 "x:^ ..'' = 

o -lO = ^r"" a.- "^ a^ ' 

- — ' . CO • " "^^ ^ ^ - . -^ ^ Ti 

t: .+JCD • -K ."-k^^ -^ 

^ +^ &CC' > > ^ ^ ^ Ch ^,o oc 

oWaj'~'OC>(yajoa;^aj^" 
.:£ O X ,_' Z; ;zi ;;« fiH /£ X ?^ fe _' 



>QaQQQ>c:>c::5C;- 



0^ . aJ a- a, — ^^ 


X 






3^-2sT3= = S-r-c 


t>< 


« i^ ^ -^ .*" ^ '^ P-H n. 


ai 


..oCx^r^ .:: P ^ o 




-n^^ ■Z'^ ~ - ^'Z'-^ 


.::: 


■f- = /. - X a. ^^ ? .^ 


— 






cc;- 
oc ^ 


^ -H OQ i; ~ — * X -H _^ oc cc *iQC 


T— 1 


i£ oc ?i "Lo ^ — ' '^CD • ./ ". '^ 


c' = 


-^ co'?i'^'2C-H>riGC'3Cj^cc- 


— H 


-,' t>.-^^ ^^ .a.- . • t>^ . • ,; CD • 
'-C ^. o, . 4^ s -^^ o 2"*^ o w cc c; 


t>2CD 


■ ^^+jC>sOai~ooi'^aj 




;^T3r::!X'C'3'^T;-:3'c5'^'3--"T:! 




a^a) aya^a^ayX^a.^i^a./ .a^ 


0) .^ 


^d be bcn tC tJD tC tX bJC bJD 5£ tXt^ SX 


?^o 


+ic:cs+^i:r:Kac:7:KxCsi"* 


= ;< 



i- m 'T. ^' -f. -Ji 's. -n -Il r. xr: rr. tj -n xn Qi 



•^ "^ "^ ■'+* "^ "*t^ "^ ■^ "^ "^ "^ ■-+' ^ "^ ^ "^ "^ 

COCDCDCDCDCOCDCDCDCOCO<^CDCDCDCDCD 
CX) 'OO 00 CX CXJ OC' CX OC OC' OC 00 OC OC' CO CC' cc cc 



SO(r.i^'^a/a;a;ooa/Sua.u~^ai 
-:OxO'CxC^^Cti-H-i.fc.gl-:[& 













































- 




















Owensburg, . 
Pleasant Kidg( 
Hobbieville, 
Springville, . 
Harmony, . . 
Owensburg, . 

Hobbieville, 
Owensburg, . 




: ' 






Owensburg, . 
Lexington, . 
Courtland, . 
Rockford,. . 
Sal u ad, . . . 
Belleville, . 
Seymour, - . 
Hobbieville, 


O 'x ;; 

X'C 


- 


- 


OS 












a: 

« 

o 




























































































SS^o-^iglaT^ 

-^,.EX;;ji-X't1r; 

5 -r J ^ '^' r • ^ > - 

lillllliji 


Villiam AV. White, 
ohnT. Wharton, . 
^awson S. Wharton, 
amuel J. Wilson, • 
ames Fl Wilson, . 


o 

*^ 

o 




Villiam Alexander, 
'harles L. Ashley, . 
lenry Ayers, . ■ • 
Ufred F:. Clifton, . 
leorge Cusick, • • 
onathan Curtis, • 
Ufred K. Danateile, 
:mmett Dagley, . • 
ames Fitzpatrick, 


^anulel Franklin, . 
.afayette Oi-aham, 
larion (Iraham, . • 


•— 
T. 


i. 
"o 

1-^ 


ames L. Harper, . 
Miomas J. Hayden, 
aehariah Hudson, 



:ZX 



■ »-: ^J X Hi t-: — 






■•-r^s: 



180 



The Tlih'ty-jirst Indiana Begiment 









., IB .' 

ira ,^ lo .■' 

OC' ^ ^ " ii 00 

Qj Qj *^ oj oj aj 
tl be C bt it 5£ 

Cw oi H-; ^ Ti d •' 



r/i -fl 1) 'Si 'ti m 



C <C ^ lO 

r^ CC "i CD 

•:; oc ^ 'X' 



•2^ t" ^ 



CD 2 ! 



i2^ 



0/ OC • ' 00 '"^ .s^ '^' - 
>- . OJ • ^,> . <D 

o :: o "t_tj ^ 

o a; 5 '^ -' u 3 
_^ ;q ^:; C -^ O ►^ 

"^ -^ 'ZS -^ TS -^ 73 
•1 O) 0; cb Qj Oj a> 
•_ bJC tJC be be be be 

3; i, ^^ fcn ;, ;, in 
=^HXrto3c3cwC5-' 

= "o 'o'S el's "S 

-^ rSi 'fl Tfl rjl m rjl 



CSI-5 






0; TSi 



^ 'S ^ S ^ 

o dJ 0^ r_; ■— ' 

+J -fc- ^ c-t •— 

TJ 73 r^ 



o; 



-5,^ S 



,-; -H lo i^ "^ lO ^ 
"5 D CD <» «2 (^5 , . 



■ '® cS 



S oc 



00 



I C>) 'M (M •■ 

• O) ^ dJ CD 

_H — -I ^ '3.^ ^ ^ 

»>; ,<1 Hs :C 1-5 K_' I 



'M 



>-.cD be' • 



o - p, 



oi • o; 0; dj a; T 

bc-5^ be be be be i; 

03 [iq « oS c: s: <l 

i»-i T^ ^1 1"^ /•^ ^-i 



OJ ii 0) 

be be be 

;h ^4 ^ 



CCC^QCC PCC'CCQO CQ OQ 



QCQQQQQCiQC 



CD CO 

OO 00 



CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 

oc'oooooo acocooocoC' 



CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
■X 00' OO 00 00' XX 



CO-^^ ^ t^CO'MCO, 



'M :: 



OS r* 






^ ^ O !- 

'O ^ fe ^ 



QhC -J:^ t? ^ 
Oi ci " i^ a> 









CD CD 
X X 







■ ^ be^ 




3 c^ i- 


sio 




O ai 0) 


S V3 C ^ 




— CS 0) ^ 


-. Q^.- 







o +^ 

%'B 



t>5 

+2 xi 






bioii 


3 be 




^5 


42 %^ 


CO rO 




", IK 


S-O 


•^ c 


o;^ 


c a; 


& o 


oa 


o o 






73^ 
o o 

oa 









O U 

^ o 

Pl-5 



O ^ 



S be 



g| 



Qj 






o &e 






» . ^ w »-_ ,, ^ , /Ti fli *-* ^^ 2: 









? JS^'^- 
Oj o: r^ . 



3 ^13' 



'^-c ° 



j^^K^O^ 



;. P*30 tS Q, r! oi 



^5 -^ 



-.|_|h^ <U 3 o o^^— : 



i: =i 



oS^ 

tm-: 



a> o:> 

-5«; 



00;=: 

oj « o 



a-^ 



ii ":=; s 



;a^: 



3 ^E'^Q r- ^li-' 

3 c;3 " 3 c ::? 
?= O &- H 1^ Izi J:^ K? 









;-3 ^ 
; .^ 

SCO 

03 =* 

;3 S 



,-3. 



»^ !» 3 
rr.' 5 3 

3 Orr 



Li the War of the Rebellion. 



181 



c_. CO 

4J " (^ 



CC' 



c 



< QC 



— ' — t H- 
O . 'u 

CO CD QD 

GC GO CC 




O OJ 0) 



ojr 



CO ^ 
CD CD 

CC' OC' 



r> - 


■^ 


^ 








o 


^ 


^ 


o 


j2 


o 


P5 


*d 


K 


^ 






!5C 












0) 






zn 






-i-i 






-/J 










■ YJ 


a-: fs. 




tx 


t^ .. 




,•2 


'^^ s 


>it>=S 


< o 




i> ^ 




t) 




S c „ 


' c 


— 3 



__ CD • -■ 

•;; 'X C:; 

.^ -X = 



;;;X' 



-•S 



— ^IC 



, S3 



,-; CC ; -3 ^ 



;;: = CC 



3 , 
iOlCC 



■SX' 



'ii ■ CO ^ 

CO "^ CC CD 
CC CO ' — t rjT' 



CC' _- 



CI iC~ 


in 1864. 
July 8, lf= 
iscluirged 
31, 1862, 
Sept. 15, 
May 10, 1 
Mai-ch 11 
Sept. 15, 








. 4^ 

^^x 




tUt- 


t3 t3 "^ cjTdTS'T^T; 


-7313 


-d 


a; aj 


^0.^(X)'i''^0<^ 




C^ 


&c w; 


ijCtJD^^ W;b£bCiC 


it i£ 


S-' 








— r^ 


^ Ct "^ — * C3 « ^ ~ 


^ ^ 


c 












CC oj "t; :7; tc •/: X tc 


o c 


c 


tic tfi 







_); c^ o S ^ 

CO aj ^ is CJ 






GO 'Qa>U^QQaQ QQ 



FTi ^ -— ^ ^ 
bc ^"^ 5 ^ 

73 0)^3 c; 0/ 
.23 "£ .ii "S a> 






> > — - — : 

y cj - *j = 
o o c m c 



— > 






o c 

2i< 



23 



;2 ^ -< :S " 



4J -^ .X ' 



>> < -^ o 






I o . 
.OP,: 






o^ 



^ & c 



• X .:; , ■ U: . — ► ■ 

< • f- r- it, . '^ 

3 '-^j 5 — - '2 ^ »- -— 






% '''< 









182 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



o 






o c .. 



; ^ J Aj ^ X 



~ > X x 



CD 



cs 






w 



-^ CO ^rf 









;; CD 

5 2'H 

oj G CD 

CD « ■" ^- 



3 -^^ 3 



c: 


'TJt— 


-d 




Jh 


^ 0) 




^ ^ 






cj cj ^ c;'^ 

. X 33 "2 X 'U 

i c Q > S 5 



'OQ<C\Qi> 



c -+ S 5^ ^1 

' t3 - tS ^ 

X 22 '^ 2 "^ "^ !- 

a^ . ^ a; . , . ^ oi ' 

&C ^ bC ^ _• MtS 
^ :: ^ 2 5 *- a^ 
S S S S £ St 
"3 ^o ^ S"o ^ 
,22 a; .22 a; o .22 S 



0-* 






■'^ Si 

1/3 

ss t:, X 

cd::: - 

■*' m --CO 
CD^ro CO 



'^ ^' 


-'O ^ 


QJ Id 


O l^' <3^ .rT 


lac-^ 


^^•-^ tlC^'^ 


si 4^ 


>2 s-S^ 5 


_x r/n 


^^v->..|f^^S 


T^tJ 


•73 ""* 'C 'd 'd 'C Vi 


., <U 


OJ .; q; ... * <D T' 


^ !aC 


M i^ iX' ^ &C bc ;i 






« cS 


ciP a: JS cS « o 




X EC TT CC X 


ID'S 




>« 


QQQ>QQ 






n= lo t^ 
^ oc i 

X ^^ 

CO E a- 

CO Sq 

^ .i ■- lO 

(^ .. ..- • 

iX „ ^ C 

;h -- 2 « 

~ ." ?l--^ 

.22 o ^ .i 



PS 



> S c 

o t>, 1- 






r .-d. . 







be • • ^-. 
►>., 5 o N 



2 :i c ^ 



be 

if o o; 

i. X --H tn ■ > 

•^ 2 OJ q; — . 

flj 3- '^ t; 



be • A 



■^ 



W o 



S-=; .'« 



B. o 



ti-^ c 



^-d 









> X 



be ■ .22 C ^ ^ 



rw 



OJ P-,^ 



■^ -^ 'S'W ". S^"^ " ^ 



be?-' 



9,.- S*^ 2 o.'^ S ■ = h^ chad Ss^Jc 
-^ Hs ;?; <q a -: h^ ?: &H i-T H •-^ ?^ S 03 1-:; ffi H <! H: W ?^ t-:; H 



WH^-^PC ,^ .^^r. 



3 'x ^^ . ^ 



^ 5 

iD-C 









///, Ihc War of the lichelHon. 



18;^) 



01 



T3 






00 



;- ^1 -^ . 

r- CC' ^ d^ 
-»- r-l •", CC •^. 

t-t ^ i-' ZZ ^ S^ 

"y -w ^ 'TS fi "u 

'^' ^ o — "S S£ 
5 Q > Q > O 






a. 



Qgc 



- CD K ^ ^-^ t: 5 ^^ ^I > = 2 "i 5 

C" '71 -. O o'il^ ^ O ~ X V 



_- "M ^ 

::: CD K 

!- OC ^ Cj 

5S>5 



CO S 






&c 



i o poo 



CD j6 '^ -■ "^ ti 

S • . - vr • ^-^^ 

_, fi P O -r 5 o c '-^ 

s^ aj o -■' 









3 



CC r- 5 >i'^ 2 



'£ '-^ ;^ :i X ^ '^ 






-+' i • ■ • ' -J -ri i: i; . - 5P 



r72 a. oj .Si .rt C 1* 3^ .S 
tiJ>>PQH>>P 



57 r. y o ^ = - _i, 5 ;^ 
tX'^ bC tt^; it rC iiC wX J 
■J;^ s X {■ J. X — X X X X ^ 



" hr -^ ■" -^ iH _ _ -~ -. - a».~ QC cj. - at =», cjj SL r 




X ^ '. 

• • • • ■ -S • ■ • bl • ■ be •■ ■ x'S 

OS ^ ^H * • ■" ^ 

- s'S £"- '^' 

Sj 3 '^ ^ S ::: c: 
' iT 

:, ■ ■ -g ^ '- • . & 

^, >. ^ ^ X! ^ . . ., . . ., . . _ -,. .. ^ _ ^ ,, ._ ^ ,, - _ >i - ^ 




184 



The Thirty-first Indiana Itegiineni 






^ b 



oo 






-i 



CD CO 



; fM' OO ' 



^^ 

00 O 
00 * ' -IJ 



^ I-C , 



^^CD~ g^ i- b 



^.y^-.^^ £■ 



CD i. 
OC ^ 



'^G '^ -p 1 
"^ ^^ 5 C 

_^ 0/ ;_^ r^ -^ O 

/• 7- rsi o -r. T] 

c c! c S S > 



i ~ j^ " in 

r^H J> r-^ ■-- r-^ 

Iz; c 10 '3 10 

,, S CD o CD 
+^KH 00 >^ 00 

c; lIj ^^ ^^ _-< 



•^ c: ii 3 fc- 






•- CD 10 
;^ CC CD 
'^ --i CO 



CD > o 

CO 5 g 



"^- ^ "t: 'o 'C'S 

•— 0; -J. I1 m 



XJ-o ^ 






x^ ^ =" 

'B ^ '^ £ 

CD 1^ CD i^ 

cog CO ^ 

^00 ^ ^ ii 

5 OJ 3 O 



Gfi Q Q 



CDCD CD^ CO^^COCDCDCDCD 
OCGC 0000 OOCCCCQOOOOOOOOO 



bt 



r-^ CO ^ lO C~. ., Q 00 CD CD -M lO CD -M 



O-rl 



o o 






rf. • — I 



m 



CO ^ a o ~ o i- 







02 






ffi^s iiH>-M; 



c ^ .i: ^ ^ 















X <j 



a; ti-^ ■- 



-3 Sc' 



i?-< H a £ 



o 



" ?i'^'-i:c o S 



o 
3 - 3 ci o; 









J o 



o p § o 



^ O O fl. ;,, 



c — > c ^ j:: P^ ?- '^ 



OJ o 

51 



3c::CS5srrfg::^:::o5^GQ^ 



In the War of the Rehellion. 



185 



-r) 



stitu 
ted. 

titu 
fted 




e. 

fted. 
ed. 
nvill 


o 








-5=5 3'£ 


c s 


-5 Ki^ o 


O 




"t- "* 


t- 


1865; SI 
1865 ; di 
865. 
1865; su 

1865 ; d 


865. 

1865; d 
865; sul 


t Nashv 
1865 ; d 
865 ; dn 
it Jeffer 
865. 


GO 




03 

CD 

00 


t3 

CD 
CO 






























2^co-^^' 


oc'^i oo" 


865, 
ne 2 
c. 8, 
1865 
c. 8. 


C-4 




^H 


'M 


• . • . OJ 


. <a . 


OJ 






O 


>^ >■ ^ c; 


o C o 


c 


CO 


-I.2 




O o o O s 


oj -3 a; 


^ 3 a> D 




CJ 


r* 






^1 ^ ^ 7^ T3 




T-H 


'Xi 


h-j 


(D OJ dJ C^ C^ 


o a; ci 


(^oj a> J; ij 


CI> 


o 


QJ 


1) 


&C &C W) tc &c 


bC&Cbt 


hr 


br 


^ir 






^ ;., i-. S t. 


;> 






« c^ ct X ^ -• 


X ^ « - 




,^ 


/■, 


« >. 


c«- 


.-^ F^ « F^ -^ ' 






,X3 


















y u o o :; 


y o o 


"O o ot3 o 


i) 




o 


i; 


Xi X X X X 


X X X 


.<u X X a; X 


X 


OJ 


X 


X 
















CjCQGP 


QPQ 


OPSQQ 


QQ 


'^ 


p 



s^H :: T2 ' -t^ _ 



. '^ 



Ct3 



+3 '+3 o 
X X *^ 



..13 

CD "50 K * 
00 ^ ^H ' 
^ r^ 

00 IM •' 

o; a; ^ 
be bcC 
I. t- s 



3^ X 

' OJ 



X , 



tl^ ? 1' 



K CD CD ^^ CD?S 
^ -rt 00 OO ^ ^ CO 22 

^ TJ rH ^ 2h 00 <-! - 



^ CO 
3'"' 



22 St^' 



00 'M 



O O O <U O 3 

! ;z; ;z; c « iz; 1^ 

; 'C Ti nd 'S 'w t3 
; a o) o) o 0) 0/ 
' be be it bC tx iC 

, i, t- tj t. t, i< 



xxO^coOJxxoitnxx 

SS555qoqS55 



be 



CDCDCDCD'COCOCDCD CDCDCOCOCDCD 
OO OC OC 00 'X CC CO CC .CO 'X' X' X X oc 



CDCD CDCOCDCOCOCOCDCDCOCDCDCDCD 
XX X X X X X X X' X X X X X X 



— c:-txOL'?^ CD 



^ co'i^ , c^ri^rrx'aTcD' CD o''i>^c^focri>^x*' 



55 



>- -u +i 4i X! -IJ +J 

c e) o o O) o o . 

12; c o o fe o o ; 



■E>-E,j5.d be > 
c; o CD oi a> s o 

7j Iz; 7i t& tij < ;zi 



4J+J +i.uJ+J4J»^^t>^>be^J^ 

CO OOt>CjOOO(D03oC)_ 

CO o c c o ;2; ^5 15 1^ ^ <: o o c 



. • - 5 

iT ,.r J - o 
— c _ -• +^ 



;2r^ 



C-3 = 



•>! =^ O C =^ - 
xS-?P?^ 



xs:m 



O rt ^ +^ 

K O > Ih Qj O a; 



1^ tT 



2 t>5 



ii .^ >, o oJ — 

-t.i _ -t^ — ^ --^ r^ 

X S X ■-' T ^ ■ 

C O s > >y^ 

s H ;S OJ o 

m X m ^^ ?: S H 



t-^ 






•w 















3 ^ oi o 



?=cq^£-5^-g5T3c 









: — ^ 



>ibe 

-2 i = 



dJ p c 
X E o 

O - = 



:: . - cj 5 X rz; ~ 







, «^ a^ 






•7^ ^ lIT '-^ lT -^ . " ■-- ».J r_, -^ '^ ! 



186 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 






S.4 ^; 



CD O) 

22 c 



-^ bC 



QQ 



4j X -ij t: 

-^ ?, ^ H .-tf '« ~ S 
'/jv^^ ~ — c^xj — 

i2 CD L> CO "^ <^ CO 

^ 'M lO r^ a1 " 'M 

O 5 C O O ,3 
O H-5CdI^OI^H-5 
•^ "^ '^ "T^ '^ '^ 

oi ID kV a; OJ aj O) 
bC iX ;::i- tx b£ iC bt 

^ - J^ b - i:: ^ 



P QPQPPQ 



cDcci:Dic:ciD^ru;:o:o<:ccD 

OOOOCCCCXXX'CCOCGCOOOO 



■*QOCOCOI^GCtr~CO^^COO^ 

r-H — rH ^-, ,_| r-i ^- 'M ^H ,-| (7| 



^ > > > 



OOOOOtgO&-i!g;g!giX! 









i: d (D 



= C 3 

, cog 

/■ m o oj .2 c 






g^oTS S 



'13.^ ^.^ 









'5 






r;2 -t-^ rC 



■P-,1 



5 3-1 O I-: t& S ^ 














lO 












03 












^ 


CO 


/ 








CO 


CO 










-. CD 


QC 






,-* 




00 


-^ 











V,— 1 


^ 






X 






CD 






% 




?x 


-M 






^ 






.4_3 




















P 




6 

0) 


— ' 






+j . 




_P 


r-' -ti" 






^.s 




^aT 


5 ? 






05 iS 




••— ' |2.| 


"ij C 










'■^^ 


5 "So 






3 ■ 




aO 


"^ "^ 




-1^ 

c 

<D^ 


1862; wo 
, at Ft. D 
ieutenant 




CO 


u tenant 
en ant. 
home, 
it Fort 1 
, 115th \ 




+0 - 




'-' 


•^3 1?;} 5 




.- 


. 31, 
1862 
idL 




62. 
' 30, 
Vet 


■~ •£ _r Sj 5 




.4^ 


K 




QC l^ 


^ ^'-JZ -^ 




cc 


R '-I (D 




20, 1 
d Jul 
?d to 


nnt. 
8eco 
Firs1 
25, 1 

b. 15, 
Lieu 






&.?'S 






be ::^ 0) ;- i, i> 










t7+^ +^ ti ^ 




0^ 


J-d 






S Cl^ir-J C 







^S P 




03 Ct 


? ? 'I'tT: £ 




^ 


pS£ 




PPH 


££p^cu 




10'—' 






_' 






CD CD 






•■O 






CC QC 






X 






—1 -^ 












10 lO 


^ 




lo ^ 








' - - 




- ^ 






-^ ^ 






+3 






a- a 






a 






a- 






a- 




— 


OjrZ} 







m 






oT 


<£ 




oT 


■ oT 










+3 


. +3 




























^ 


• « 




^ 


^ 




K ' 


cK: 




W: - 


- cS: ^ 




0) 


2 ^ 




Oi 


jj a* 






c -H 




^ 


r- ^ 




^ 






** ^ 







^ <D 




s 


— <X) 




H 


OH 




H 


OH 




-ij • 












bC 












;4 • 












0) 












Oj • 












1 -^ 












■n 


































02 
Eh 


CO 


13 • • 


oi 






< 

£ 

H 

3Q 


I A. Cox, 
Douglas 
Shephei 

■pold, . . 

. Hager, 


K 

3h 
M 



trander, 
eel, . . 
Johnson, 


Grubbs, 
nderson, 
. Nelson, 
lenks,- . 
"Airland, 




.£d^^S^ 




^^.• 


rn<^- « 




Nathan 
Henry 
James 
John H 
George 




David ( 
Hiram 
John AA 


James 1 
Robert 
James '. 
John F 
John M 



In tJie War of the Rebellion. 



187 



p^ 



2 



o 




TS-d 


OJ 


a» 


be be 




iH 


cS 


C3 




^ 


o 


O 


OJ 


M 



QP 






r- >: 



_;0 



r^ ^ -IJ 5 ~ J2 



_. .'^ cc 



_*; i_j CO ^ ;:n a. ' 



. C O oj 



O^ ^ 



C ^ , r-l "^ 



■'=0 CO 
CO 00 (vj 



,'M CO 



t^ ^ cc^ ■ ;q 



oQ Q(~, 00 «3 P 5£ 



00 



' »o 



t^ 



OJ' 



X 



-H lO O lO , 

M ^ be—* <M 

. . rH . CD 

<-i +^ ci 4^ 00 

a, a.^ a^ 
OJ o) o a; ^ 






? £ 

•/; 7- 

• 01 * 

« « 00 

~ CO X 
6 



^cp 



01 



o 5 '^ 
bcO 

■— X 0; 

." . IS 

• ifi CD O CO oj 

a, > . > -S 

^ 33 X c« X X 



CO (M 



^ i^'^ 






be M' bC ^"^ be be be be p b£' ~ 

"S cj'SS'o'S'o'o^'otj 
a] CO cc "j; X 73 co to "J -/i O 

cqS>ppSp>p5 






OJ - K 

■/J Sh • 

H>p: 



X ^ p ^ i X 

CD ' — ' 

^ :z: .;« i^y- -2 .^' 
-^ ^ 73 <(j -^ t- - 

il* .. ., 0^ t3 • 

be^ ^'ts beoj c 
« "- ^ O) s^ -kj c; 
S .V « *j c; o (-: 

.'£ ^ "S a; .22 g .i 



ci ^rfi Cj 
CD CO > 

P2S 

*^r^ — ' 

_5 — ^ 

-/; /. ' 

T3 t3 , , 

., Oj -r 
^ bC = 



IJ -t< CD 

P-^2 



., ., ai 






I G 2- p > p p > ;> p 



X 



Hx 



f— ' ,t^ ^^ ^^ ^ 



c ?i 



c & ji 



_r a; 0) oi oj 

C s ■ ■ ■ 3-^ S 

5 ^ " ■ ■ i~ li 

+^ f ." •- ^^ 0) ^ 0) 



— »^ 


Ti 






> " " 


' o 




«*— . 




-3 




X 



T 


^- dl 


z 


^ P4 


<; 


r^ t« 








be =2 


OJ 


-t2 ''^ 


;-; 


X^ 


■5 






Si^ 




^ 0^ 




.= be 




& 



^ _ -^ ^ , _ 



K T^allSO-'D^'- 



' "l* Sh -^ 



<1^ c2r= 






J;^==;:)^> 



03 — . -; 






, p p 

''36 



rn be 5 

Cj '^ '-' c5 *I^ ^~" 



si C 



CO ^ 



C tlJ 



c « 



-o _J 



Siyj^ti^^— ;lhC^ — 



2 0^ 
■<x:^ 



O 5j 






' '*' -G ^ Ci ?^ ■ t*- C I 

; ?: X 3; ~ Ts .= ^7 



P sj 



188 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 



rS P^ 



^ -Bd 



d '^ 



tac ■ • 

r^ »0 T3 =C T3 



^ '^i '^ o 



. O <A 

CDr-l ^ 






' IC 









,.GO 
^ !M ^ 
Q.CD „ 

J ^^^ ^1 F^ 



. CO 



. oc ;: ^ r; 
i-;cc ^ . ^ 

'^ -^ 5^ f>] i? oi "^ 

2S I— 1 cc _ oo22 
3;^ a;|>: iaccc'2"- 

^ rt • °^ ■ ■ 
O) C o ^2 tc ^5 3^ 



t-1^ 



ft 
























ci 


^ 




hn 


o 




0) 


^ 


Oj 














•^ 


OD 


n 


CO 


^■^ 


ex; 










c3 



•;- CO 



O^OiCo^SMeSc? «cd'^ 

" in •-". "■. ^ CD 



0^ ^ O) _ 
bed iX-?! 

;^ (Ij t< O 



if- ^ 

"o '^ '^ 
IB Q) 01 



CO 

o; <x> • 
be bC C 

rH ^ (rf 

eg c5 1— . 



-d += Ti 'd '^ Ti t3 
Oi .^ .„ <u .^ O) OJ 

bc^ ^ be j_, be be 

^ "S ^ .22 ^ /£ .22 

Q |>- t^ ^ L* L^ L^ 



r/]--; O) 
SS5 



'"O co^ 

" ' in 1^ 
CO CD ^ 

(-H ^ ^ ^ 

Oi 0) CO "2 

555^ 



Sh p hC - :; •;: :; 



c: 0^ ^ Oj Q> 
i S bC3 <» S 

CD n 0: 



OH 



q; r- 

0) a; 






i4 


J^ 


Z 


• ""^ * 


<: 


^ 


K 


■ P TJ 


Q 


• ? • 


r/j ;h 


% 


• be - si 


< 


^CTSt-: 




^1-^ ^ ■ 




Hoop 

yHoi 

B. Jai 
ford S 


< 




^^ r-TS 




cc "w C 








In the AVar of tlic RahcU'ton. 



ISW 



Q >. 



CK 



fe 




CD 


^ Sid QCCOQCrHoOX'. 


-^ a; ^_ - 




a. 






CO 




**-" 1j 


as 

2i 


CO 
GO 


go" 

poo 


. S. Cava 
1864. 
Dec. 8. 1 
1862; dis 

t Shiloh. 

1864. 

'ounds. 

Dec. 8, 1 
uly 12, 18 

Dec. 8, 1 
0,1865, at 

Dec. 8, 1 

Dec. 8, 1 

Calhoun 
1864. 


865, as C 
864; disa 
Evansvil] 
865. 
865; dra 


10 

CD 


865; dm 
Nashvill 
65. 


^ 


t3 - 


P .TS - .S'Ot-TT^CrjT^T^-t^ , 


^^ ^^^ 


00 


^ -wcc 


CD 


10^ 


Olio- 

bc-i 




— 1 ..jT <S go t — ' 


cc"- 


?i ^-x"- 


4J GO 


-!-:> 


S3 -ui 


to 4 

Sept. 
ischai 
Apri 
16, U 
Sept 
8, 186 
ischa 
esert 
ischa 
led St 
ischa 
ischa 
5, 186 
Sept 


Line 

ec. 

1862 

ug. 

une 




(DCD .' 


0) - 


0) 


'H 




0) 


^ GO 


^ 1 


C/J 


mm 


t^P ,-^H, 


p 


t^^-P 


-rJ— , 


T^ 


'TS'tS 


'O^r-J^.-^^TSXSTJr^'dTJ'M^ 


T3-d'°'CT3. 


t3 


TJ'^'d 




0) 
bC 




S ^ .^aj PjO) >-, .^.„.^. .,.„„,; aj 


3j a^ _: 0) 
bCW;'^ be be 


£b 




S^^ 


•:: M c ^^ bc-^' c ^-^ g -^ H ^ g bc 




2 2 


05- 


CO 




g .52 ^ .23 :;: .2 .i ^ ^ ^ "£ oj a! .Ji .22 


ischa 
ischa 
ied F 
ischa 
ischa 


as- 



ischa 
iedD 
ischa 


PPP 


>p 


HP>PWPP>>>>>>PP 


PPPPP 


P 


PPP 


^ 








^m'^'— T-fi'-tT 












CD CD CD CD CD 


CD CD CD CD CD CD 


^H 








GO GO GO OC CC 


GO OC' 


X OC GO X 


ira~^ 








ecoTt-Tco^^ 


T-A l>{ ^COt^oS 


" 


" " 


V, - - 




rt .-1 (M C^ - 


^H f>^ 


O) C^l 'H Tl 


4.^ 








&C/2 UXi'S, 


-0.0 


^^^^ 


0) 








D Qj O) a; jj 


2^ D 




02 








-il&LiPt&o:! 


IJ-tu 


X'Ci-:^^^ 









0/ 



"» >> • >> .^ -^'^^^ • ^"^ ^^ s -^ 

Q!g a2P-icoO;g;OHa}Hco^ ;g !g HH^^O H 

1, ■ l.'H u - m 

xv^'TDry^P^^So^gHEH^-rrr'-^^.-^^^S 

^1 s s.s 5^:3,^,3 "-^ ^^ ^-i - S i;-^ ^M 

H^c:QHW^<«1^PPPi^p.^ra}-tiC^(iHp^O?=C« 



■ 3 


• s S 


OS 


. =e 


= K 


W^ 


o 


c 




•'i^& 


rl Lh 


.2 '-' 


. ^H 


-H q; 


cu ^ 


OH 


■ HM 






an 



3 ^ L 



o3 ^ 

2: =: 



3 ^ 



^ ^ ^ ,- r- *i X 



i ffi aq ,-, - 



1^4 



OS 

.X 5 

? 2 

PH 



oP; 



a ^- 



~5 •-: I-; O S 



190 



Tlte Thirty-fir ^t Indiana Regiment 



r-' 1^ 



1^ 


* 


> 








> 




o 


^ 


nr) 


cc 














1^ 


OJ 


its 


4-3 


W 


Hj 



6^ 



OJ 



3-S 









.• '^ CO 



C c3 






IC ^"^ CD CD ^ g -« 
<fflr4cc QC S S K 

T-l C „ -^" ^ 
- - S^ 'M CO ?^ a^ S 

p ^ S cht h: -H 

oj ti 0) OJ oi a; OJ 
be -^ be be tjc bcci 
rt o 53 '-' ^ ^ • -■ • -■ 

w si rf^ m rjj X 7^ r/) r. 



2C 2S CD 



> C O 

o 3 a< 

0) OJ Oi 
bcbt bC 



CC' CD 00 CD ii 

— ' 'X rt CC' "^ 



O -U -CD 

r" 53 > 00' 
S " -^ • 
S § id ,^ g 






:2;q 



?i 00 ■ ' 

^-^P^-: 



0) 



Qi 



.o ^ 



■^ tS 'C tJ '^ 

Oj O) O) Oj O) 

be be be be be 
;.4 ;^ ;h l4 ^ 
3i o3 « fS li - 
^ ^ ^ ^ ,S ~* 
o « o o c; 

U2 W2 CO ^ C« 

q 5 S 5 5 



^^S 0^.22 

CD ^ ^ I— I 2 
(» rH r3 ^ 

g .22 .2 .2^ "S 

EhPQO 



?S ci- ^ 



^^ o 

be M 



P Q 



IS H 



(M -M Tt< ^ ^-l~A^ 

CD CD CO CD CD CD CD 
OC 00 00 00 OC 00 00 



M : 



rfi-'tlOCOOTtl'^iCOOOCO^ _, 



C-l 



<M. 



• t^ • • 



Oi C C 

^< tlJ o 

73 O S 

Oc5 P 



:5 § i • • ■ ^ ?;■ 

oS <3j Ui J- ^ .^--^ o 



rK-^^ S a-e 



r-' <1) " 



~ -O ^•' en 



:i hi; ^ jf^-;; §; r>i ^ S 'a o^ ' 



r^.2 a; 






.W 



OJ S c S 









o 



O) 



<u 



S S S §^ S^ bed 3=1 o S.2 S^ 
i-:0i-:>-5t^pH<i1<lQ0l--!C5O-*1i-5<l 



13 Cu 






W 



T3 «!•-- 



;h S^dJ 



;^^ 






Si 

bcrs 
^ H -^ 6 ^^ 6 O ffi W H^ 



be S be-^i; in is 



o S o 






In the War of the Rehellion. 



191 



a 
E 
o 
O 



« 



be Id 



% ^ 



Q G 



^r+H ^ -^ -^ 'tY -^ ■^ ^^ *^ "^ "^ 

QC^ OC OC CC OC OC CC OD 'X CC CC 






O ^ CC O -Jq ^ 






-f '>5 'f ^ 

'>\ T1 (M - 



■9 0) 



Z 

UJ 

Q 
HI 

I- 
co 

-I 
z 

HI 

_l 
< 
z 
o 

o 

Q 

< 






-t 






CD 






OG 












4J 








• 






— < 1— 1 




0) s -X! - 


/£ -^ CD 




'-■^^^.S^ og' 




rr. -^ — 




< 


8, 1865, a 
Kenesaw 

Ison. Feb 

1, 1862; d 

1862. 

i out Dec 


Indianap 
. 10. 1864. 
1862. 

0. 1863; d 

t. 

enn., Api 






84, at 
Sept 
ug. 6 
862. 
pril 2 
jutan 
oh, T 






^ ■= <: ^ -: '^ ^ 




5 .- 4^ -'^ O 2 






o ^ ^ xJ '^ =: 


^ r-J lO -^ yr 




Oi C Si ^^ c 


-slN&l^ 




s; g-^ Si: g 


1— 3 « C K - -- 






(i> 5 CC a- '-xi -' — 




g>MQP>' 


5 g S p G d- i2 




^ ^' -h" ^r ^ — h' c^i" ,-H ■rf — T — T" T-H ,-h'' 




CDCOCOCDCDCOCDCDCDtDCD^^ 




. CC' OC CO OC' X' CC' CC' CC OC CC 'X a: CC 




^ ^ ,-( ,-H ^ 




CO — X o r^ "* »c Lt' X :c c i^ L'l 






t< X 




' • * 


-i; ^ 






Og 


• ^ +i 6 '-^ d 


6 ^%^^ > J.% 




O O O — iL 


OjZi^ijVOv-^ 




' O C Q t-: — 


G < -/: ^ C Z C X 


s 












Sq 

I^ 








■"> 






^ 
















X 






6 






o 










... j^ ... . 




, • • ■ ■ ■/: 

m _' • a. 


■■■-■■■• 


•< 


§ X . 1 I'S 


Hardin, 
Leak, . 
artin, . . 
Montgon 
. Miller. 
Miller, . 
L Noble 
A. Rusli, 


2; 


=2q ;.g ^K 




^'^ 3^" ^ 


-rsti-S 2^23 = 




Joseph 
(leorge 
John I 
Josei^h 
John F 
Kansoi 


Richar 

Jesley 

.Tames 

Williai 

Henry 

Jacob 

George 

Norma 





192 



The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 






QS 



a3 SfS y 

.22 "ti ° "S 

'C a> ^ o 

S c § 3 

— 0^ ^ 5 

'^ S ^ 

-r! G .'/i <3i 



(M .-H ^ r-l 

CD CD CD CD 

00 GO OO GO 



Xi > O O 
O) O <1> o 



CO <D C^ 



=d 5^Ti 



be-- CD 
^ 00 ■ 



so 

. in ■ 



O t4-l 5*H 

O c5 c3 



C CD -- 
■^ GO 



:: CD rvi ..o 

"i; GO ' ' ,^ ^ 



X3 ID ^ 

OJ 2 a; 
r-^ -^ +^ ■ 
Ol r/3 ^ 



' -^^ • o CO «=' ?5 - 

• ^^ O <v, uf ^^ . +j 
*jr/ CD tH > :'~ rri 



O !» 



r/j T3 2 ~ ^ 



H •;? >| >:^ ■;^ -JT =-i 1^ ^^ u ^«^ • - ;r 



^ & ' • 

; - OJCD^ 

^ CI o GO or 
2 CO " -^ ii 

= '-' >;^'r^ 

^' C 3 Gi 

XJ'3 o o 

" « i) a) 
r/3 aj 3 g 



&c .22 

i '"' CD 



QHHQQ§SbHQQQH^§H>PQ^S 



g 


o 


■C 


o 


0; 


bC 


rfi 


OJ 


C3 










rft 


C) 






rfi 


hSq 



-H ^ ^ , 

CO CD CO I 
GO OO 00 ( 



CO CD 

OO 00 



'iCt^tO^ ^ ^ ^ lOiO^ 



" " c^l 



CD CD CD CD 
GO 00 GO CC 






. -1^ +j +j 

-t^ a a, a 

O (-j a; Q 

Oqqcogg 



^72 



^-^ 



>^ 



o 
So 






5j -G 



2 S S ^5""^ 

pqs:gK?^HCLi 



—I o 



Wo 



CD a; > 






.. 


>J 


a; 


■4-1 




(-i 




O 


o 


o 

be 


ffi>^ 



S > 5 






m CO 

o> . 






S'S^-S 



be r/3 ^ r,3 _« r- 

fH 3 t» -r* ,— ( G 

o ^. OS >:;:2- o 
OQc»P^HOa)i-sH,^ 



,S 8 9 -^^ 
Hjl-sOP-l 



^ tO 









EC 2 • 

O s: 



a^s.;^ 



(U 03 a; c^ 



ct cw C/} 

be oj o- 



G :vj , 
:=, G. 






^I^H^ 



o o; 



In the War of the Rebellion. 



193 



>^ 5S 



x:! .2 



lO 



o 






.« .CO a) 

cc CD ^H ^ 

^00 ^ r 

CD r- '-I 2 

CO g oj S o 

OJ CC 03 (U 03 



00 CD 






^<\ 




CD CO 


(M 


lO 




. r. 


m 


rH 




^ 


C^I 


1—1 


iro 


oo 


00 


C CD 
O 00 


r^ 








rn 








.■^ 


r^ 


^ 


^ 


^ 


+j 




l>i 


T3 


^ 


r1 


0) 
X! 


be 


(^ 


s 


fH- 




O 


< 


o 




C3 

t3 




T3 


be 




73 


0^ 

bC 


S3 




03 


<D 


O 


s 


c; 


w 


CJ 


Dfi 


c^ 


'yj 


T 


r/j 




r/i 


SsSSpq 



TH T-^ ^ 

CD CD CD 

00 00 00 



aj 0) D 



bCoT 

2 y 






CD 



CD CD 

00 00 






o3 

H . 

Si <V (D 

c i: ^ 









QO 



o i~ 












^-^ 



1-5 r- 



s ?* 






' " ?^ S 03 o = ^ r ^ 3 

O t-5 1-5 O 1^ CO ?^ ?^ H, 

13 






-2 »^ 

So 

lO .„« 

CD *.^-» ^ 

5 c3 • fl i4 

_z, ■ "' ,, (V -^ 

O t3 -tJ) 

rw o; C C 

,^ !aC- 3 

- i bJOo 

SCO 






D CO OJ 

'd CD -r 



CD '-i 

OJ CO 



^« 



cu si P- 



-i-i -^ '-^ o 
cc O ?« c3 






'M to 

CD 



^'.JS -00 ^'^ 

>j1^o6~t3 



- ■- O'd -3 

r/J QJ r-' 






O CO 

SS 6 =2 
o ** 

hi c s a^ 

s ^ a> c 

•"^"^ t^ " 

.^ cc O) C 



,-1 Tt* rH 

CO CO CO 

00 00 00 






Tt< Ttl ^ 

CO CO CD 

00 00 CO 



,Q 4J Oj 
O O Oi 



Ttl Tj< ^ 

CD CD CD 

CO oo CO 






cDcbcocbcocococo 

00 CO OC 00' 00 OC OC' 00 



. ir += . 4J -M +J -ts 

"S 3 P<-S p-a p,a 
OScoOcOlCgqqq 



t3 03 

o •-< 



^wo<^w 









2 &c 

C a; 

o s 

So 



-^ffi 



TJ 53 



c 
o 






-2 S 



3 

(V > 
OOQ 



OOffit 



0) 



aj 



QjiH a; 
S a; 0/ 



W^W 



«.= z! wh^-^i 



i* fH _, CC 



p^^; 






■^ -^i3 C5jc3o3a;«.-*^aji; 

WcKO<;H,ppMH:i5?=pLHp^ 



si 



a)_2 

c:- 



194 



The Thirty-jh'st Indiana Regiment 



UJ 



El 93 

PS 



CD ^ -t^ +i 

00 ''-^'^ -^^ 



CO ^ 



o; 



P=^ 



a; 



Q .. 

^ CD 
> OJ S 

^^ c 



oi ra O) 



.22 a 0) 

CO S -k^ 

ooO S 
'-^ ^ o 

m 1> ^ 



c3g.. 



3 0\ 
O ^1 

^? 

o o ,^ 
^ Oj rt D 
■^ bC^ bc 

OJ tE (D !E 



■«*< 1— I ■* 

CD CD CD 

00 00 CO 



.-I ^ ^ 

CD CD CD 

OO OC 00 






be • 



2^ .t^ 



S 
• m 



WpqO 



cc O -- 

^ c f^ . S =? 3 






Wo 

-^ S3 



+^ ^^ rj ^H 

*-• o ;i; r^ ^ 



_ ., OS 

^'Jim 

o . 

pEll-sElHI 



■ .Sr CO 

(1-11-5 



APPENDIX, 



Appendix. 1"» 



LETTER OF GENERAL LEW WALLACE. 

My Dear Friend,— I have your letter of 13tli January last. 
Pardon the delay in answering it. 

You inform me you are writing the transactions of the 
Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. I hope you will keep at it until 
it is finished. We can not have too many memoirs of the kind. 
I wish every regiment, brigade, division, and corps could receive 
the same careful attention. Of such is the final history to be 

made. 

The pages of manuscript you inclosed I read with interest, 
the more possibly because of the fact that everything pertaining 
to that awful mystery known as the Battle of Pittsburg Land- 
ing comes home more directly to me than to most of those en- 
gaged in it. O, the lies, the lies, that were told to make me the 
scapegoat to bear off the criminal mistakes of others in connec- 
tion with that awful first day! It took General Grant about a 
quarter of a century to work himself up to an admission that I 
was blameless. But think, my brave comrade, think of what 
I suffered in the meantime! Think, too, that the slanders have 
gone into history, and may never be corrected! 

As to the first day on the field, I never permit myself to 
speak of it critically; for not having been there myself, I am 
always afraid of doing some other soldier the wrong that was so 
cruelly inflicted on me. 

It was nearly, if not quite nine o'clock in the morning when 
General Grant passed my boat going from Savannah to Pitts- 
burg Landing. To be safe, I have been in the habit of putting 
the time about 8.30 A. M. 

You say I talked with the General at Purdy, four miles be- 
low Pittsburg Landing, etc. That would be a mistake. Purdy 
is a day's march away from the river, while the interview of 
which you speak took place at Crump's Landing, where my 

division was headquartered. 

197 



198 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. 

I still think, if my march to the battlefield as I begun it had 
not been countermanded, we would have done more than win a 
victory that first day — we would have captured a great part of 
the Confederate Army. The surprise would have been to them, 
not our people. 

With all good wishes, I am very truly your friend, 
John T. Smith, Esq., ^^^ Wallace. 

Bowling Green, Ind. 



A SOLDIEK'S STOEY. 

THE LATE J. H. BEADLE AT FORT DONELSON. 



The Beginning op the Battle. — Impressions and Experiences of the 

First Great Union Victory of the War. — The Journey 

TO Join Grant's Army. — A Ghastly Sight. 

"Three cheers for Grant and the Union !" 

The tall sergeant swung his cap, and the cheers rang far 
over the Ohio as the boats shoved back from the wharf. A 
strong tenor voice in the Forty-fourth Indiana struck up a 
familiar camp song. The Thirty-first at once caught it, and 
then the Kentuckians, and as the boats rounded the bend we 
sang bood-bye to Evansville, in the roaring notes of "We '11 
hang Jefi^ Davis to a sour apple-tree as "w^e go marching on." 

We had passed a miserable winter along Green River, where 
six per cent of our regiment had died of camp fever, and twice 
as many more were invalided. But now we were off to join 
Grant— "somewhere in Tennessee." Daylight of February 11th 
found us at Paducah, a queer old town, overcrowded and liter- 
ally blue with soldiei"s. All day we ran up the Tennessee River, 
and at sundown reached Fort Henry, where we were treated to 
a beaaitiful illumination of the fleet and shore. All the steamers 
carried red and blue lights. In the fort and along the bluff 
thousands of fires were blazing, and faintly over the water on 
the evening air came the songs of the exultant soldiers, for 



Appendix. 199 

already the capture of that fort had given rise to many new 
versions of the old songs. It was soon decided that it was 
cheaper for iis to go round by water, and so morning found us 
again at Paducah, where we lay all day. It was the way things 
were done that winter- — all movements were slow, and nothing 
was done till the fifty-ninth minute of the eleventh hour. 

Late at night we steamed away, and daylight found us as- 
cending the Cumberland. All day men and officers were at the 
height of Inirth and jollity, for it was the first nice traveling 
our brigade had had. The weather was delightful, and soldiers 
soon form the habit of enjoying the present good without thought 
of the doubtful morrow. We were paraded on the upper deck, 
and arms and ammunition thoroughly inspected. Our mag- 
nificent band played inspiring tunes, and all the soldiers danced 
and sang and shouted till they were hoarse. I came down into 
the cabin, and there the surgeons had their instruments laid out 
for inspection on the long table — knives, saws, tourniquets, 
everything indicating dreadful work at hand. A sudden revul- 
sion of feeling overcame me. I turned cold around the heart 
at thought of a dreadful wound and possible amputation. 

With the night came an awful change. In two hours the 
mercury must have fallen twenty degrees. I had to stand guard 
on the lower deck, and there was a cold and driving rain which 
changed to sleet. As the boat turned this way and that with 
the windings of the stream, the sleet drove across the open space 
in almost horizontal lines, and soon my overcoat was solid with 
ice. Daylight showed three or four inches of snow. All fore- 
noon we toiled getting the material oif the boats, and at noon 
entered on the march, with the officers exhorting us to speed', for 
the sound of cannonading at Donelson showed but too clearly 
that actual business had begun. Over abrupt hills and through 
heavily-timbered hollows, nearly bootleg deep in places with 
mud and water, we toiled on till, reaching a hollow which led 
directly to the fort, we heard the cannonading as loud and clear 
as if it were but a mile away. 

Turning to the right, we rose to a narrow level, and a mile or 
so farther began to pass behind our first line of battle. Across 



20U The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. 

the hollow to our left solid shot from rebel batteries were strik- 
ing high in the trees, making a great crashing among the limbs, 
but hurting nobody, for there was nobody there to hurt. A 
fqw forced a laugh at the sound of the cannon, and said it was 
music; but I could not see it in that light. I have "enjoyed" the 
hand-organ for hours, and endured boarding-school "practice;" 
but I never heard music that felt in the knees like that. The 
half- jocular bravado of some of the men, to my mind, showed 
fear as plainly as the silence of others. I kept my feelings to 
myself, determined that no matter how badly I got scared no- 
body should know it. We camped for the night in an old field, 
with orders to "rest on arms and in place without sleeping." 

O, the miseries of that fearful night! Crouched down in 
the snow, with my gun between my knees, within two hours 
every inch of my body was jerking with cold like the flesh of a 
freshly-skinned beef. For the first time in my life I felt cold 
through my interior. About two o'clock in the morning we 
were permitted to lie d'own, and did so by threes — two gum 
blankets and one woolen below us, two woolens and one gum 
above. K sleet storm came on, and I awoke from sound sleep, 
with my^ hair matted in frozen lumps. It was scarcely light 
before the cannonading was resumed. The reveille and shouting 
of officers rose from every camp, and the smell of powder came 
faintly on the morning air. Raw pork and cold crackers were 
soon dispatched, and we were in line for orders. And now the 
woods in front and the road to our right were lively with 
mounted orderlies, small detachments of soldiers, and batteries 
hurrying to their places in the line. It was. plain that a general 
battle had begun. Ambulances passed back filled with wounded, 
and now and then an artillery horse limped by, shot in the hip 
or shoulder, but sometimes with a ghastly seam along the side. 

Then came the order, "To the right, and take position with 
Porter's Battery." We started on the run, and kept it up for 
about two miles; but, as General Shackleford afterward told me, 
his guide directed him too far to the left, so we missed Porter's 
Battery entirely, and halted on a ridge toward which the main 
force of the rebels was advancing, and I think our brigade was 



Appendix. 201 

the end of the Union line to the east. The Seventeenth and 
Twenty-fifth Kentucky moved at once to the summit of the 
ridge, and opened fire vigorously, while our half of the brigade, 
the Thirty-first and Forty-fourth Indiana, lay flat in the snow 
behind them and a little down the slope. We had passed behind 
the Thirty-first Illinois, and I saw three men lying right by our 
road — my first look at men killed in battle. They lay on their 
backs, each with a bullet-hole in his forehead. I was struck 
with the singularly peaceful expression on each face. 

Wounded Kentuckians soon passed our line in considerable 
numbers, some not making a sound, others groaning, and one 
shrieking dreadfully, and I took notice that the one making the 
most noise was a mere boy with a shattered arm. Our Captain 
Watterman had just passed behind us, saying that in a minute 
or two we should move to the right of the Kentuckians, and I 
was still looking in the direction pointed by his sword when 
suddenly there was a grand crash and roar through the deep 
^voods, as if heaven and earth were coming together. A big 
body of rebels had come close into our right, and partially in 
cmr rear. I saw the Kentuckian on the extreme right throw his 
gun high in the air, and fall back dead. The next man gave one 
glance, and turned to flee. The line broke, and both regiments 
came rushing back right over us. In less time than it takes to 
tell it, we were up and after them, all rank and order lost, offi- 
cers and men, Kentuckians and Indianians, all in a mass, and 
thus we ran to the bottom of the slope. 

The line officers rushed with drawn swords among the men, 
who soon fell into ranks from mere habit, and, with a sponta- 
neous feeling of shame, began to check their retreat. Colonel 
Bristow came down on us shouting phrases which he assuredly 
never learned in Sunday-school. Aide-de-camp Terry galloped 
in with a message from General Cruft of the Thirty-first, and 
shouted: "Come on, Indiana! I 'm only a boy; but I '11 go at 
the head!" We raised the yell, re-formed, and fell back slowly, 
and were soon all in line at the top of the next ridge. All? 
Well, not quite. Our lieutenant-colonel and about two hundred 
others had turned back by the road we came in, and we saw 



202 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. 

tliein no more that d'aj, while about fifty from various com- 
mands, with one lieutenant at their head, never stopped till they 
reached the landing we had left the day before. It was long told 
about the camp-fire that this officer found a boat just starting 
down the river, got aboard, and actually reached his home in 
Southern Indiana before he heard that Donelson had surren- 
dered. 

"We had got well in line, and were listening to some rather 
emphatic remarks from Colonel Bristow when the shout was 
raised, "Here they come!" On the ridges there was tall timber 
without underbrush; but down the slope the latter grew thickly, 
so I could see nothing. A few scattering shots were fired as the 
volleys of the advancing rebels began to strike the trees; but 
stern orders were given to wait for the word. It came soon. 
"Ready!" I gazed down into the thicket, and saw no man; but 
the bushes moving, and an occasional puff of smoke. "Aim!" 
I drew down my gun about where I thought the middle of a 
man would be in those bushes. "Fire!" There was a terrific 
crash as two thousand rifles went oft', and after it a wild yell of 
exultation from our line. Our blood was up. Shame and anger 
had cast out fear. For a minute or two there was firing at will, 
and then our little battle was over. The smoke rose slowly, and 
there was an almost oppressive silence for a few minutes. Then 
came once more the dull rumble of the cannon at the fleet and 
water battery, followed by musketry firing far to our left. I then 
saw a few men lying on the ground. In the retreat and fight 
our regiment had lost twelve killed and sixty wounded. 

A cry was raised, "The cavalry is coming!" We moved 
forward, and stood at a charge bayonet for a. few minutes, and 
looking down an old road I saw the rebel flag for the first and 
last time. The next instant the cavalry was out of sight, and 
where we were for the rest of that day -I have never been able 
to figure out. We moved this way and that, hearing firing to 
our right and to our left, and near sundown were in the hollow 
nearest to the rebel intrenchments on the upper Dover road, and 
to us there came General Lew Wallace with the Eighth Missouri 
and Eleventh Indiana. They did the right half wheel in a 



Appendix. 203 

manner which drew a cheer from us, and then chai'ged up the 
hill a little to our right. They fired but one volley, and had 
gone far to the right by the time we reached the top of the hill. 
We halted. Bang! went a six-pounder, and "Down!" shouted 
the officers. But it was needless. Every man was prone before 
the whiz of the ball had died away. I hugged the ground so 
close that I almost made a hole in it, as shot and shell came 
alternating, getting lower till they skimmed the snow. I lay in 
a small furrow, and was looking at Comrade Taylor of Company 
G, about two rods forward and to the left of me, when one of 
the last shells struck him just as it exploded. It took off the top 
of his head, and cleaned out the brains as neatly as if it were 
done with a surgeon's knife. Then the cold sweat came out on 
my forehead, and for perhaps a minute I felt a kind of agony of 
fear. The next instant my face seemed blistering, it was so hot. 
The firing ceased at dark, and we moved to the right and into a 
hollow, and sat down disconsolately to another dreary night and 
talk of a bloody morrow. Great deeds had been done seven miles 
to our left, and the siege of Donelson was ended; but we did not 
know it. 

II. 

Scenes Just After the Battle. — The First News op the Victory. — 

Pen-Pictures Along the Brigade Line. — Suggestive Sights 

at the Breastworks. — Meeting with a Wounded 

Texan Boy Soldier. 

KiGHT had settled down on the long-extended battle-field of 
Fort Donelson. A dreary night it was. The snow had melted 
to slush, the air was loaded with dampness, and the darkness was 
such as could be sliced with a knife. But our brigade was in a 
deep hollow, and, though very close to the rebel intrenchments, 
we were sheltered, and very soon cheerful fires were blazing all 
along the line. ISTot far to our left were the Eleventh Indiana 
and other regiments of Lew Wallace's Brigade, and the other 
way were forest and swamp, for we were on the extreme Union 
right. The darkness without was as light compared with that 
in our hearts. AVe did not know that the brave lowans and 



204 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment 

Illinoisans had captured the main earthworks, or that the water 
batteries were silenced. And ignorance was not bliss, for we 
firmly believed that our little battle of that morning was but a 
prelude to a bloody morrow. 

"What can you do?" asked a despondent corporal of Com- 
pany G. "They are intrenched just the other side of that field 
up there. If you go to the top of that hill, they will shoot you 
down. Across that level we can't charge in less than ten min- 
utes anyhow, and the rebels can kill ten of us to our one of them 
that way. We just can't take it." 

"Can't take it? Shut up! We must take it. That 's what 
we came here for. We 've just got to take it, and we will take 
it," said his comrade. 

"That 's the way to talk," said Captain John T. Smith. "We 
came here to take it, and we 're not going away till we get it." 

This is but a specimen of what was going on all along the 
brigade line, and many a poor doubting fellow crouched over 
the fire in gloomy silence, honestly believing that he would be 
killed the next day, and killed to no purpose. There was much 
recrimination as to the past day's battle. I was very near com- 
plete exhaustion by two nights without sleep and two days of 
march and battle; but we had to stay up till midnight anyhow, 
and I exhorted earnestly, as much to keep awake as to cheer 
others. About midnight we lay down, and I scarcely touched 
the blanket till I was dead asleep. It seemed to me that I had 
but closed my eyes when the covering was snatched off, and even 
now I hardly know whether to laugh or shudder at the first words 
I heard. A reckless lieutenant with whom I had swapped lies 
on guard at various times stood over us and shouted: "Get up, 
boys! Get up and hear the little birds sing their praises to — 
D — n your souls, get up !" 

This unique bit of blasphemy was common enough in the 
army aftei*ward; but that was the first time I heard it, and it 
struck me as a queer preparation for a day of danger, with big 
chances for death. T sprang up and promptly fell again. ' I 
struggled to my feet, staggered around a few seconds, and leaned 
over a log gasping for breath. What on earth had hold of me? 



Appendix. 205 

An agonizing pain racked my left side, shifting slowly to my 
chest, and when I breathed deeply it seemed as if a shai-p knife 
was run under my left shoulder blade. I thought my joints 
would never become limber again. The gum blanket on which 
we lay had not prevented the warmth of our bodies from melt- 
ing the frozen ground below it, and we had sunk down into a 
cold loblolly. Our Captain Waterman was a doctor, and to my 
complaint he sharply replied: ''You 're beat out; that's all. It 
will pass away." It did pass away — about six weeks later — 
that is, the worst of it did. But seven and one-half years passed 
away before I again drew an unobstructed breath. Yes, it was 
in August, 1869, on the mountains of Southern Utah, that I 
for the first time after Donelson enjoyed the exquisite delight 
of breathing to the very bottom of my lungs and bounding over 
the hills mthout a pulmonary wheeze. Two of the strongest 
men in our company, Neil Duval and Tom Byerly, who rose 
with the same symptoms, died within three weeks, and two others 
never fully recovered. But I anticipate. 

Daylight showed that our camp was the scene of a battle the 
day before, and several corpses lay about. One, two rods or so 
from where I slept, was frozen solid. The fires were soon blaz- 
ing again, and by a rare good fortune Commissary Grubbs found 
us, and soon had several wagons there with provisions, which 
were laid open for every man to take at will, as there was no 
time for a regular draw. What a glorious breakfast we had! — 
pork broiled on the coals, strong tea made in tincups, fresh 
crackers, and all the sugar we wanted. I drank three pints of 
tea, and the pain in my side abated. I have breakfasted in many 
elegant places; but never in hotel or restaurant did I enjoy a bill 
of fare so delicious. 

But why this strange silence? Not a sound of cannon was 
to be heard, as yesterday morning. The men stood in line, with 
gritted teeth and strained looks, nerving themselves for a dread- 
ful day. There were whispered exchanges of confidence, and 
requests as to what this or that one wanted done in case of death. 
A few of the men took out of their pockets spent and flattened 
bullets and other curiosities, picked up the day before, and threw 



206 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. 

them away, as if to lighten themselves for a running charge. 
Several officers and some men made hurried notes in their memo- 
randum-books as to the disposal of their corpses and effects, and 
two or three of the minor officers went behind the line, tapping 
our bayonets, and saying: "These are the things we '11 use to-day, 
men. Depend on these." I raised my eyes and took a long look 
around, with a sort of conviction that it was my last chance. 
The cold of yesterday had abated, the breeze came softly from 
the south and stirred the tree-tops with a beauty of motion I had 
never before appreciated, while the clouds broke and glided 
away, with silvery lining, and the rising sun shone through the 
rifts in glorious majesty. How beautiful this earth did look — 
too beautiful to leave! 

And still there was a strange silence. Then we heard cannon 
far to our left. Another and another followed, apparently in 
a series down the line toward us. "She 's begun again, men," 
said our captain. But no; there was silence again. Then we 
heard a faint cheering far away to the left. ISTearer and nearer 
and louder it came, with each return prolonged till at last the 
Eleventh Indiana and Eighth Missouri took it up and made the 
forest ring. The next minute Lew Wallace came riding around 
the point of the hill, and, bearing down on us, shouted: "Fort 
Donelson is ours! Unconditional surrender! Arms, ammu- 
nition, and fourteen thousand prisoners!" Then broke from all 
the brigade a Union yell as if two thousand throats were one. 
Every man realized on the instant that we had helped win the 
first great victory of the war. Swords were waved and blue caps 
flew high in air. The next instant guns were dropped, and the 
ranks broke without orders. All discipline was ignored. Offi- 
cers and men wrung each other's hands, and even hugged each 
other and gave way to demonstrations of joy. 

And yet the shouting was not so strange as the weeping. I 
have often been told that I was mistaken ; but I am positive that 
I saw both officers and men shed tears. It really seemed to me 
that joy made every man change his nature. Our Captain 
Waterman, usually a little grim and a severe disciplinarian, 
laughed till the breath failed him. There certainly were tears 



Appendix. 207 

in the eyes of Major Fred x\m and Adjutant Cliff Ross. And 
the reckless lieutenant who had waked me with a bit of blas- 
phemy stood silent with folded arms and a face like a statue. 
One fact I have often laughed oA^er with the veterans — in ten 
niinutes nearly all the men were talking about the muster out^ 
and giving their opinions as to the time. Bets were even that 
we should "be at home by corn-planting," and two to one on the 
Fourth of July. Captain "Bull" Smith effusively proposed a 
regimental reunion on that day and a grand military celebration 
at Terre Haute, where our regiment was organized. There was 
much disputing as to whether this was our last battle; but the 
weight of opinion was that the regiment would see some more 
service. What fools we were! 

The brigade was re-formed, and we took the Dover road, 
gazing as we went with much curiosity on the effects of cannon 
shots in the timber. We crossed the rebel breastworks at a full 
run to the inspiring double quick of our field bands; but the 
sharp pains in my lungs came on, and I dropped out of line and 
sank to the ground. The whole brigade and then the division 
swept by me in magnificent array, and I soon felt able to rise 
and look about. In all directions were groups of rebels, some 
scowling, more grimly silent and most good-naturedly drunk. 
They had plundered their commissary as soon as they heard of 
the surrender, and every man had whisky. Along the breast- 
works were many suggestive sights. Open boxes, labeled "Buck 
and Ball Cartridges," were scattered at convenient intervals. I 
dissected one, and found it made of three buckshot bound on the 
end of a common musketball; hence the name, and hence, too, 
the peculiar wounds some of our men had received the day 
before. -At one place there were many signs that our shells had 
struck thickly. There were much blood, and a dismounted can- 
non and some corpses still waiting the burial party. Most of the 
faces looked strangely peaceful. I was particularly struck with 
the appearance of one Mississippian, a very tall and handsome 
man, lying on his back on a small mound. His deep blue eyes 
were half open, his finely-cut features were like those of a Greek 
statue, and his magnificent physique, long and well-shaped hands. 



208 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. 

and feet witli arched insteps, combined to prove him a man of 
good family and culture. A few rods back was a deep hollow, 
in which the rebels had taken their wounded horses to be killed, 
and the sight of scores of the poor creatures, mangled and' bloody, 
was quite as depressing as that of the dead soldiers. 

A boy of sixteen or eighteen approached and held out his 
hand, which I took. Both of us were strangely embarrassed, 
each curious to hear the other's views, and each hesitating to 
begin. "Something to drink?" said he, holding out his canteen. 
"After you, certainly," said I. He winked and smiled as he 
turned up the canteen, and some subtle instinct made me know 
his thought. There had been much foolish talk about poison, 
and he had already heard of our suspicions. He laughed aloud 
as I turned the canteen high; but this changed to a sort of ap- 
prehensive gaze as he watched the many swallows homeward fly. 

The same offer was made by all we met as we walked toward 
the town, and I drank more whisky that day than on any other 
of my life, much more than a pint, and took besides some heavy 
drinks of brandy which our company had taken from the plun- 
dered drugstore. Yet I felt no sign of intoxication, though the 
pain in my chest abated. We went to headquarters to take a 
glance at General Buckner, and then by r^y captain's orders I 
sought the nearest rebel hospital, where room was found for me 
on the floor with a Texan boy whose arm had been broken in 
our fight the morning before. "How do I know but yo' air the 
man who shot me?" he asked, as we stretched out for the night. 
"But if yo' air I forgive yo'. For all I can see one side 's fit 
as brave as t' other." I responded as warmly, and we sank to 
sleep like brothers under one blanket. 

III. 

Horrors op a Fresh Battle-field. — Campaign Miseries. — A Moral 

Preceding the Story. — The Piles of Dead and Wounded. 

— A Night of Suffering. — The Experience of 

Seeing Men Slaughtered. 

The sufferings of one man are of no consequence to man- 
kind in general. Sometimes, however, the one is a type of 
millions, and he is then justified in telling his story to point a 



Appendix. 209 

moral. The battle in which I bore a very small part now seems 
to me the merest triiie; but the misery which preceded and fol- 
lowed it grows greater in the retrospect. In view of the pre- 
vailing jingoism, especially the feeling toward Great Britain, I 
feel justified in these details, and shall invert the usual order 
by giving the moral first. It is this: The man who really wants 
a war, be it with Great Britain, Spain, or any other Power, is 
at heart a demon. Smooth and bloodless he may be, dressed in 
fine cloth and clean linen, and with no spiked tail visible; but 
at heart that man is a demon. 

The second day after the surrender of Fort Donelson I crept 
out of the temporary hospital in Dover, and, under the combined 
stimulus of whisky and quinine, started to find my regiment. 
Three days and nights of almost continuous exposure and very 
little sleep had done their perfect work on me. But the sick 
soldier, not too sick to walk, pines for his company and regiment 
as a sick child pines for home. As I moved slowly up the hill 
the sight was interesting. Along the river bank lay thousands 
of captured guns, and details of our men were still firing them 
off and piling them into wagons. The rebel commissary stores 
had been thrown open, and soldiers and citizens were carrying 
oft" the provisions, especially sugar, in haversacks, buckets, can- 
teens, washpans, and even in caps and blankets. The rebels were 
being called into line for transportation, and their uniform was 
like that of the beggar's opera. In place of the solid woolens 
issued to our men, they had for blankets everything which could 
be pressed into service — bedclothes, tablecloths, sections of 
woolen carpets^ and even women's dresses and piano-covers. The 
result was a gorgeous parti-colored picture, like those I have 
seen of a Mexican plaza on a fete day. 

Through the open doors of many houses I saw the ghastly 

array of wounded men, and in one place the surgeons were still 

busy -with knife and saw, bandage and tourniquet. Out beyond 

the intrenchment I found the stretcher-bearere still bringing in 

the dead. The line of battle from first to last extended near 

eight miles, from the creek below to the swamp above, and the 

hollows interlocked in scores of places, while in the uncleared 

lowlands the brush was so thick that, as the lines of battle swiftly 
14 



210 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. 

changed, men fell dead and were overlooked. The hunting 
parties were searching everywhere among the bushes and logs, 
and in the most unexpected places came upon corpses already 
horribly swollen, for the weather had turned Avarm as suddenly 
as it turned cold the first night of the siege. I descended to the 
hollow we had crossed on the day of battle. - The log cabin from 
which a widow and her children had fled at the first shots had 
been turned into a field hospital. The mud around it was spotted 
with blood, and a small heap of dissevered limbs lay awaiting 
removal, and already decomposing. I toiled on to the camp we 
had occupied the night before our battle, and found there a few 
slightly wounded or exhausted men of the First ITebraska Regi- 
ment. They told me their brigade had had a very sharp fight 
there soon after we left, and our baggage was shot all to pieces, 
and that Wallace's and Cruft's Brigade had gone on to Fort 
Henry. 

I found space in a wagon-load of sick and wounded, with a 
sister of charity in command, and we moved on. A light rain 
had begun to fall; but all along the road lay sick and exhausted 
men — on the ground, on logs, on piles of rails, or anything their 
comrades could fix for them before passing on. Yet a gum 
blanket below and above as they lay by twos served as some pro- 
tection. At Fort Henry I found the camps stretching back two 
miles or more from the river, and for the next week stretcher- 
bearers and ambulances were perpetually going, and every day 
a large steamer loaded with the sick moved down the Tennessee. 
It was common talk in the camps that one-third of Grant's army 
had been invalided by the Fort Donelson campaign, and one or 
two out of every company in our regiment died. My own case 
was simple, and the diagnosis by our surgeon was: "Double 
pneumonia threatened. Can avert it with a big dose." A big 
dose it was, of morphine, quinine, and ipecac. For two nights 
and a day I slept most of the time, and awoke the second morning 
with something near akin to delirium tremens. The next morn- 
ing I was able to walk to the hospital boat, and my active con- 
nection with the Thirty-first Regiment of Indiana Volunteers 
ended forever. 



! Apjpendix. 211 

If a tender-hearted man of to-day could see the steamer 
Ohio No. 3 as it was, even at the beginning of that voyage, he 
could not restrain his tears. What it was when the voyage ended 
must be largely left to the imagination. It was literally jammed 
with the sick, and of all that number only thirteen were able to 
move about. Every stateroom was packed, and on each side of 
the cabin lay men in close order, their feet toward the center, 
leaving just room for one to pass between, and not one able to 
rise or help himself even in the most necessary offices. To take 
care of this boat-load of utterly helpless men there were just two 
able-bodied nurses and one hospital steward. A sergeant of our 
regiment promptly made out a list of the thirteen who were able 
to move, and urged or ordered that they should act as nurses. 
In a small space at the rear end of the cabin a table was set for 
the boatmen, and those who had money and could get to it could 
buy a meal for fifty cents. I managed to swallow a cup of coffee 
and one biscuit, then rushed to the guard and contributed my 
fifty-cent breakfast to the muddy Tennessee — an experience re- 
peated more than once on the trip. 

The whole voyage remains in my mind as a horrid night- 
mare. In that solemn hour between waking and sleeping, when 
the mind seems to gain fresh retrospective power while the body 
sinks to rest, the whole scene rises before me. I see especially 
that poor l^ebraska boy who lay on liis back in the comer near 
the door, insensible, his eyes rolling and his hands perpetually 
moving as if he were trying to fend off something from his face. 
For thirty hours he never once ceased this motion, then gasped 
twice, and was dead. Another dying man kept up a continuous 
automatic moaning, which seemed to rise and sink like the sigh- 
ing of a wind in the forest. By next morning the cabin was so 
noisome that one could scarcely abide in it, and yet there had 
been no deaths, though at least a dozen were evidently dying. 
Most of the sick were coughing and expectorating dreadfully; 
but it was impossible for us to tal^e the usual precautions, and 
the whole floor was a sight to have made the strongest man sick. 
We lay at Paducah all day, while the surgeon vainly sought for 
a vacant house. But the report came that the place was already 



212 • The ThiTty-first Indiana Regiment. 

quite overcrowded with sick, and at night we were ordered to 
move on to Evansville. 

It was a night of horror. The worst cases commenced dying 
as we shoved off, and as fast as they died they were earned out 
and laid on the open deck forward, wrapped in their blankets^ 
A fearful stomi came on, and in two houi"s there was a heavy ,^ 
driving snow, which covered the corpses as we laid them out. 
It was soon discovered, also, that there were five bad cases of 
smallpox on the boat, and a general panic was added to our other 
miseries. Yet I was compelled to eat and compelled to sleep, or 
die. I bought a plateful of provisions and a tincup of coffee, 
and this time took the precaution to stand out on the guards in 
the cold wind to eat, and it staid with me. Crouching down in 
the corner of the cabin — they had moved the sickest men to the 
front, and the rear space was almost tolerable — with my back 
against the wall, I managed to get some hours of troubled sleep. 
The morning was intensely cold; but we had reached the wel- 
come shore of Indiana at last, and pitying friends came to carry 
our helpless men to the Evansville hospitals. They have since 
told me that when they entered that cabin they could hardly 
believe that healthy men could have lived in it one night. Es- 
pecially pitiable was the sight of a pile of corpses on the front 
deck, apparently of no more consequence than so much cord- 
wood stacked there, covered with snow and seeming to be partly 
frozen. 

I need not repeat the oft-detailed story of the hospitals — the 
long wards filled with wounded and sick, the dreadful operating- 
table, the cries and shrieks of some and the groans of many, the 
wearisome days in the lonely wards, and the nights of feverish 
sleep haunted by dreams of the dead. Yet, when the worst was 
passed, convalescence was delightful, and the natural gayety of 
young men reasserted itself. - "When the wounded arrived from 
the battle-field of Shiloh, convalescents and all had wearing work 
for a while. But we were in a well-appointed hospital and a 
Christian country, where all the people stood ready to supply 
what the medical stores lacked, and, save the dreadful amputa- 
tions, the horror of which can not be mitigated. Life was not 



Appendix. 218 

altogether miserable. I formed many pleasant acquaintances, 
some among the wounded rebels captured at Shilob. The de- 
lusion of the days just after Fort Donelson was all dissipated 
now/and the men of both armies settled dbwn doggedly to the 
-conclusion that it was to be a long war, and a fight to the finish. 
In our discussions in the days of convalescence each side held its 
own tenaciously, but good-humoredly. "You can not conquer 
the South; no, sir, never!" was the continuous refrain of the 
Johnnies, as about that time we began to call them. And "This 
rebellion must and shall be put down, and the Union restored," 
was the conclusion of every argument on the part of the Blue. 

I may, in conclusion, give one experience which may seem 
trivial; but as it was a matter I was very curious about before 
the war, others may be curious about it now. When I enlisted 
I had seen but one pereon die, and had never once looked on 
a really ghastly wound. During the battle I only saw two men 
killed. One of these was apparently shot through the heart, and 
the other was struck in the head by a shell which exploded just 
as it struck him. 

When the firing ceased, I saw men on the ground, and just 
in front of me was a very large man who, I thought, was shot 
exactly through the center of the head, as I saw the bullet-hole 
in his forehead. But as I looked he rose to a sitting posture, 
and grasping both hands full of snow pressed it on the wound. 
In a month he was well, for the bullet had merely glanced over 
the skull. In the next two months I saw many, very many, 
deaths. Most died as gently as a lamp goes out when the oil 
is exhausted. A few babbled incessantly to the last minute, and 
three sang and shouted in a kind of religious exultation till in 
the very article of death. My general conclusion from that and 
much subsequent experience is that all men, soldiere and others, 
alike who die of disease go in about the same way, without resist- 
ing death or caring much about it. It is the indescribable misery 
which precedes death, and the almost infinite misery inflicted 
upon the innocent, which make me say that the man who really 
wants another war is at heart a demon. J. H. Beadle. 



214: The Thirty-first Indiana Begiment. 

A TRIBUTE TO THE MEMORY OF LIEUTENANT- 
COLOIsTEL FRAITK L. NEFF. 

Francis Lewis Neff was bom in the year 1830, in Mercer 
County (now Boyle), in the State of Kentucky. When he was 
but three years of age his parents moved from Kentucky, and 
located in Hendricks County, State of Indiana, near the village 
of ISTorth Salem. His parents were highly respected, and be- 
longed to that large class known as the common people, and were 
in moderate financial circumstances. His father was a farmer, 
and only able to purchase a small tract of land on his arrival in 
Indiana, and that in the woods. Here with all the inconven- 
iences and privations incident to the pioneer he began his life- 
work- — to make a farm, provide for and educate his children. 
Frank's educational advantages were poor. There were no free 
schools; scarcely any of any kind. For several years after this 
schools were not taught according to law, but according to the 
article. . The article generally specified that instruction would 
be given in spelling, reading, writing, and arithmetic to the 
Rule of Three. It is said that from the time Frank was eight 
years old he worked almost constantly on their little farm, cul- 
tivating the crop during spring and summer, and clearing more 
ground during fall and winter. During his minority he worked 
eleven summers in a brickyard, and the summer before he grad- 
uated in law school he molded and set in kiln each working day, 
for a day's work, five thousand brick. At the age of nineteen 
years his father procured from the County Commissioners of 
Hendricks County a certificate of admission to the State Uni- 
versity at Bloomington, Indiana, the law at that time being that 
two students from each county were entitled to admission, tuition 
free, if properly certified by the County Board. He remained 
in the Literary Department about one year, when he made the 
acquaintance of the late David McDonald, who was professor 
of the Law School. The professor told Frank that he had never 
attended school but thirteen weeks; and Frank was prevailed 
on to enter the Law School, and, taking the required two regular 



Appendix. 215 

terms, he graduated in the spring of 1853, and immediately be- 
gan the practice of law in Danville, in the county where he had 
grown up to manhood, and the county that had sent him to col- 
lege. In the spring of 1854 he located in the town of Sullivan, 
and continued in the practice of law, in partnership with his 
brother, Willis G. JsTeff. Soon after he was appointed by Gov- 
ernor Joseph A. Wright, Prosecuting Attorney for the district 
in which he resided. At the expiration of his appointment, he 
was elected to the same position. He was an earnest, conscien- 
tious, ardent advocate, and was recognized by the legal profession 
generally as being rather a clear-headed la^vyer. It w^as during 
his official term that the writer first made his acquaintance; but 
which did not become intimate or familiar until after we had 
gone into the service. 

About the last of August, 1861, he came into Camp Vigo 
as First Lieutenant of a company that was afterward designated 
as Company D, Thirty-first Regiment Indiana Volunteers. He 
was mustered into the service as First Lieutenant, to date from 
September 5, 1861. He was commissioned Captain, July 31, 
1862, and was commissioned Major, February 11, 1863, and 
was madb Lieutenant-Colonel, July 15, 1863. He was killed on 
Kenesaw Mountain, in the State of Georgia, on the morning of 
June 25, 1864. About thirty-four years of age, in the prime of 
life, full of ambition and hope, Frank L. ISTeff, a patriot, was 
shot to death, a victim of the most inexcusable and vile Re- 
bellion knoMTi in the annals of the human family. Physically 
he was small in stature, rather below the medium; but he had 
the strength and courage of his convictions, and was not the man 
to be quiet when wrong was being perjDetrated. He was gentle 
in manner as a child, and had a heart soft and tender as that of 
a woman. We doubt if he had a real enemy in the world. With 
neither the disposition or faculty for hoarding, ever willing to 
divide his last cent or last hardtack with those in need, it was a 
natural consequence that he never accumulated largely of this 
world's goods; but he was rich in the love of many a genuine 
friend. He may have had his weaknesses — his faults, if you 
will — but if so, they were such as neither degraded him nor in- 



216 The Thirty-jvrst Indiana Regiment. 

jured his friends. He was modest in bearing, pure in life, never 
profane, was strictly temperate in his habits; in a word, he was 
^n example of those virtues that characterize the true man and 
cro\vn the real hero. 

Colonel Neff loved his family and his home. In the field, in 
camp, or on the march, it mattered not where, he never forgot 
Amanda Fanis ISTeff or little Kenton; he was never unfaithful 
to his marital vows. Xo tale of questionable romance or scandal 
ever smirched his character. His native goodness added to his 
greatness. He was married to Miss Amanda Farris, of Bloom- 
ington, Indiana, in the summer of 1854, who survived him. It 
can be said, without fear of any kind of successful contradiction, 
that the Thirty-firet Regiment had a well-established reputation 
of being reliable. It was seldom sent on any mission that it did 
not accomplish, or make it self-evident that the work could not 
be done. Not only so, but the work was done on time. How 
many failures resulted from the fact that some one was too slow, 
or some commander was too fast ! It was not so with the Thirty- 
first, and the regiment in this respect was Colonel Neff. A few 
days before his death. General Stanley came and said he was 
ordered to take a certain ridge that lay immediately in our front, 
and which was held by a strong skirmish-line of the enemy, who 
was well fortified by the use of intrenchments, or gopher-holes. 
The General said it could not be taken without gTeat loss, and 
he regretted to have one of his best regiments cut up; but it 
being immediately in our front, he could not well send in any 
other command. After a little consultation, the General was 
told that if we could take our own time and way we would cheer- 
fully undertake the work. "When is your time?" asked the 
General, and we answered, "To-morrow morning at daylight." 
"All right," he replied; "take it to-morrow morning in your own 
way." This ridge was about midway between the lines of the 
contending annies, and near the north end of the ridge was a 
sugar-loaf hill of considerable size. After dark Neff and I ex- 
plored this hill, and while the Confederates had a gopher hole 
within twenty-five yards, they were not in possession of the hill. 
So he proposed to take his old Company D, go in and fortify 



Appendix. 217 

the hill, and this he did. Just how a man could take a company 
and dig a trench, throw up an embankment within twenty-five 
yards of twenty or thirty men, gather dry weeds and cover the 
fresh earth, and not attract .attention, is a matter more easily con- 
ceived than executed. Just before daylight the regiment was 
moved out by platoons within seventy-five yards of the enemy, 
and lay down in an open field, to await the next move on the 
checkerboard by Netf. At six o'clock the bugle in the rear was 
sounded, and ISTeff immediately opened fire on the enemy's line, 
who were wonderfully surprised to find bullets coming from that 
hill, and after giving them a round or two the firing ceased, and 
withki a minute the regiment was at the gopher-holes, and we 
captured about as many men as we had in the regiment, without 
getting a man hurt. I relate this incident to show that grand 
trait in the character of Colonel ISTeif, so important in military 
life — that of being always just on time. 

COMMISSIONS AND PROMOTIONS. 

The Thirty-first Kegiment Indiana Volunteers had, during 
its term of" service, four Colonels, seven Lieutenant-Colonels, 
nine Majors, five Adjutants, three Quartermasters, two Chap- 
lains, three Surgeons, six Assistant Surgeons, forty-one Cap- 
tains, fifty-five First Lieutenants, and fifty-five Second Lieuten- 
ants. There were thirty-nine original appointments, and there 
were one hundred and fifty-one promotions, making one hundred 
and ninety commissions issued to various members of the regi- 
ment, being a larger number than was issued to any other 
infantry or cavalry regiment that went into the service from the 
State of Indiana. 

The Thirty-first Regiment went into the service wdth forty- 
four commissioned officers, and nineteen non-commissioned offi- 
cers and band. There were nine hundred and seventy-five en- 
listed men, including sergeants, coi^Dorals, musicians, and 
wagoner. The regiment received five hundred and sixty-three 
recruits. Ten commissioned ofiicei-s were killed in action, died 
•of wounds or disease, and three hundred and fiftv-six enlisted 



218 



The Thirty-firnt Indiana Regiment 



men were killed or died while in the service. There were forty- 
six men deserted, and thirteen more were never accounted for. 
Whole number mustered into the regiment, 1,886. The regi- 
ment lost more men killed in action, or who died of wounds or 
disease, than any other infantry or cavalry regiment that went 
into the service from the State of Indiana. The Thirtieth Regi- 
ment, before its reorganization, came within one of being equal 
to it; but it reorganized and entered the service for another 
term, and from first to last had mustered into it 2,211 men, and 
including both organizations it lost by death thirteen more men 
than did the Thirty-first Regiment, and in this respect it leads 
all Indiana infantry and cavalry regiments. 



PRESENT OR ACCOUNTED EOR. 

Theke were ninety-eight non-commissioned officers and en- 
listed men in each company at its original organization. The 
following table, which is substantially correct, accounts for each 
man in the regiment: 



Q 


% 


!z! 


^ 


'Z 


X 


!2| 


!z! 


!2i 

Is- 


MO^ 


!z! 


o 


' re 


umbei 
who 

iment! 


^2£2 


c 
3 


~. 3 


p 
a 


g 




g2 




<J 


: &^ 
1 t.^< 


5' .&D- 


w 








5 

d 


1 




is 






1-1 a, 


: 1 1 o: 


o were 

for 

Disease 

Is 


a- 


a> 


2 
p. 




a 




: P p 
■ ^ ff 

: &a 


°2 


A 


15 


22 


22 


9 


18 


2 


6 


3 


2 




B 


10 
13 


10 

27 


39 
13 


7 
6 


17 


9 


5 

7 


1 
3 






C 




1 


D 


17 


16 


20 


6 


oo 


7 


6 


3 




2 


E 


13 

11 


15 

28 


25 

28 


8 
3 


15 
16 


14 
3 


3 

5 


2 
3 




3 


F 




1 


G 


14 


22 


28 


5 


14 


7 


4 


4 






H 


21 
17 


18 
18 


26 

27 




24 
15 


2 
5 


3 

7 


2 
3 


2 

1 




I 


3 


2 


K 


19 


16 


22 


8 


18 


5 


7 


4 















Ai)pendix. 219 

GENERAL SHERMAN'S CAMPAIGN IN GEORGIA. 

By Granville Abbott, Corporal, Company I, TiriRTV-riRST 
Regiment, Indiana Volunteers. 

General Sherman, it is said. 

Hurra! hurra! 
With plans vvhicli he liiinself had made. 

Hurra! hurra! 
'Way down in Georgia made a raid. 
With men wlio in their places staid ; 
We '11 all feel gay, 
When Johnny comes marching liome ! 

Ringgold he left the fourth of May, 
Took Tunnel Hill upon his way. 
And captured all that there did stay. 
Which was the work of but a day. 

" I see," says Sherman, " you 're induced 
To give the rebs an upper boost ;" 
Then we our batteries unloosed. 
And threw up shells on Buzzard Roost. 

They thought up there they had a trap 
To catch the General in a snap ; 
Thinking lie would charge the gap. 
But soon they found out their mishap. 

For Sherman, as a soldier-boy. 
Deployed his army like a toy. 
And " flanked" the " Johnnies," to our joy. 
Which did the rebels much annoy. 

'T was here our boys their fun began, 
And round these hills our army span ; 
We charged our guns each by its inan, 
Then showed ourselves ! — but Johnnies ran. 

At Ackw^orth and Resaca, few 
Their courage lines still to renew ; 
There on the First Brigade they flew. 
But found more work than they could do. 

For Hooker came around in time 
To form liis " regiment " into line ; 
Ai\d with a lead saltpetre mine. 
Piled them up like slaughtered swine. 



220 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. 

Old Bragg had then just come out west, 
And said to Johnson : " It is best ; 
I speak the truth, it is no jest. 
Go dig yourself another nest." 

Then quickly a retreat began, 
Headed by that arch-traitor man ; 
A dust was raised up as they ran. 
Using their coat-tails for a fan. 

At New Hope Church and Dallas Hills 
We gave them more of " Lincoln's pills ;" 
And with an aim that always kills, 
To show them we have " powder drills." 

To Pine Mountain now they lope. 
And there a shell killed Bishop Polk ; 
He thus escaped a knotted rope, — 
His fate to others is my hope. 

Now at Ball Knob and Kenesaw, 
With picks and spades we dirt did paw ; 
Two hundred yards in front we saw 
The horrors of Jeff. Davis' law. 

To fight " Graybacks" with sure licks, 
I '11 tell you one of Sherman's tricks : — 
We in our works drove sharp sticks 
To prod the rebels in their quicks. 

Tliere, " cannonades we flung all round," 
That they in rebeldom might sound. 
There many a dead lay on the ground ; 
A traitor's grave their souls have found. 

Next they showed a disposition, 
And to fall back was their decision. 
That they might find a better position 
Down by their military prison. 

Fourth of July, all wide awake. 
On rebel lines we made a break ; 
I speak the truth, and no mistake. 
The rebels in their boots did shake. 

While cannonades tore down their fort, 
This work to us was truly sport ; 
And " Johnnies " to our left did lurk ■ 
To see if they could not desert. 



Appendix. 221 

The officers next day could see 
The river called Chattahoochee ; 
They saw Atlanta, and drank their tea 
To the health of " Old A— B— E." 

It was not long ere a pontoon 
The river span, to give us room. 
To cross our corps, and seal the doom 
Of rebel hearts where cannons boom. 

Now we knew that all was right, 
"Ant-lanta " being close in sight ; 
We knew our task could not be light, 
And soon we had a bloody fight. 

First, " Fighting Jo" the rebs did test, 
McPherson next was on our left, 
And both these armies came out best ; — 
McPherson's soul is now at rest. 

Camp-kettles now burst all around. 
Tearing the dirt up from the ground, 
And o'er our breastworks they do sound. 
As to the Q. M.'s rear they are bound. 

The last few days, close on our right 
Has been the spot for us to fight ; 
This we have done with all oui' mights. 
To give graybacks their Southern rights. 

Savannah ours now, all right ; 

The Stars and Stripes wave out there bright ; 

If traitors think this is not right. 

Let them try us another fight. 



To be a soldier is all right. 
But to enlist, enlist to fight. 
Not " in the rear," out of sight. 
For our expenses are not light. 

But our expenses are not all. 

We must have men at every call ; 

The Stai's and' Stripes must float, not fall, 

And Union live in Congress hall. 

My three years now are almost out. 
And soon I '11 take a Northern route. 
What are you Butternuts about? 
Your heads I'll twist off by your snout. 



222 The Thirty-first Indiana Regiment. 

I wondei" how the North does stand, 
To have such traitors in the land ; 
Poison as copperheads in sand, 
With stingers in their tongues and hands. 

Now if you do not like my rhyme, 
Enlist, or Abe won 't give you time ; 
But conscript you into the line, 
Where rebel balls will make you whine. 



SUMMAKY OF THE PKINCIPAL EVENTS 

Op the Atlanta (Georgia) Campaigx, from May 1 to September 8, 

1864, AS GIVEN IN Official Records of the War of 

the Rebellion. 

May 1, 1864. Skirmish at Stone Churcli. 

2. Skirmish at Lee's Cross-roads, near Tunnel 

Hill. 
Skirmish at Ringgold Gap. 

3. Skirmish at Catoosa Springs. 
Skirmish at Red Clay. 
Skirmish at Chickamauga Creek. 

4. Major-General Erank P. Blair, Jr., assumes 

command of the Seventeenth Army 
Corps. 
Skirmish at Varnell's Station Road. 

5. Skirmish near Tunnel Hill. 
6-7. Skirmishes at Tunnel Hill. 

7, Skirmish at Varnell's Station. 

Skirmish near l^ickajack Gap. 
8-11, Demonstration against Rocky Face Ridge, 

with combats at Buzzard Roost or ]VIill 
Creek Gap and Dug Gap. 
8-13. Demonstration against Resaca, with combats 

at Snake Creek Gap, Sugar Valley, near 
Resaca. 
9-13. Demonstration against Dalton, with com- 

bats near Varnell's Station (9th and 
12th), and at Dalton the 13th. 
13. Skirmish at Tilton. 



Appendix. 223 

May U-15, 1864. Battle of Rcsaea. 

15. Skirmisli at Armiichee Creek. 
Skirmish near Rome, 

16. Skirmish near Calhoun. 

Action at Rome, or Parker's Cross-roads. 
Skirmish at Floyd's Spring. 
IV. Engagement at Adairsville. 

Action at Rome. 
Affair at Madison Station, Ala. 
18. Skirmish at Pine Log Creek. 

18-19. Combats near Kingston. 

Combats near Cassville. 
20. Skirmish at Etowah River, near Cartersville. 

-^3. Action at Stilesboroiigh. 

24. Skirmish at Cass Station and Cassville. 

. Skirmish at Burnt Hickory, or Huntsville. 
Skirmish near Dallas. 
25-J-une5. Operations on the line of Pumpkin-vine 
Creek, with combats at ITew Hope 
Church, Pickett's Mills, and other 
points. 
26-June 1. Combats at and about Dallas. 
27. Skirmish at Pond Springs, Ala. 

29. Action at Moulton, Ala. 

Jime 9. Skirmish near Big Shanty and near Stiles- 

borough. 
10- Skii-mish at Calhoun. 

10-July 3. Operations about Marietta, with combats at 
Pine Hill, Lost Mountain, Brush Moun- 
tain, Gilgal Church, Noonday Creek, 
McAfee's Cross-roads, Kenesaw Moun- 
tain, Powder Springs, Cheney's Farm, 
Kolb's Farm, Alley's Creek, I^ickajack 
^, ^^e^^^'' ^^oyes's Creek, and other points. 

-4. Action at LaFayette. 

J"ly 4. Skirmish at Ruff's Mill, Neal Dow Station, 

and Rotten-wood Creek. 



224 The ThiHy-jvrst Indiana Regiment. 

July 5-17, 1864. Operations on the line of the Chattahoochee 

River, with skirmishes at Howell's, 
Turner's, and Pace's Ferries, Isham's 
Ford, and other points. 
10-22. Rousseau's raid from Decatur, Ala., to the 

West Point and Montgomery Railroad, 
with skirmishes near Coosa River 
(13th), near Greenpoint and at Ten 
Island Ford (14th), near Auburn and 
near Chehaw, the 18th. 

18. Skirmish at Buck Head. 

General John B. Hood, C. S. Army, succeeds 
General Joseph E. Johnston in com- 
mand of the Army of Tennessee. 

19. Skirmish on Peach-tree Creek. 

20. Battle of Peach-tree Creek. 

21. Engagement at Bald or Liggett's Hill. 

22. ' Battle of Atlanta. 

Major-General John A. Logan, IT. S. Army, 
succeeds Major-General James B. Mc- 
Pherson in command of the Army of 
the Tennessee. 
22-24. Garrard's raid to Covington. 

23. Brigadier-General Morgan L. Smith, U. S. 

Army, in temporary command of the 
Fifteenth Army Corps. 
23-Aug. 25. Operations about Atlanta, including battle 
of Ezra Church (July 28th), assault at 
Utoy Creek (Aug. 16th), and other 
combats. 

24. Skirmish near Cartersville. 

27. • Major-General Oliver O. Howard, U. S. 
Army, assumes command of the Army 
of the Tennessee. 
Major-General John A. Logan, U. S. Army, 
resumes command of the Fifteenth 
Army Corps. 



Appendix. 225 

July 27, 1864. Major-General David S. Stanley, U. S. 
Army, succeeds Major-General Howard 
in command of the Fourth Corps. 
Bi-igadier-General Alpheus S. Williams suc- 
ceeds Major-General Joseph Hooker in 
» temporary command of Twentieth 
Corps. 
27-31, McCook's raid on the Atlanta & West Point 

and Macon & Western Railroads, with 
skirmishes near Campbellton (28th), 
near Lovejoy's Station (29th), at Clear 
Creek (30th), and .action near New- 
man (30th). 
Garrard's raid to South River, with skir- 
mishes at Snapfinger Creek (27th), Flat 
Rock Bridge and Lithonia (28th). 
27-Aug, 6. Stoneman's raid to Macon, with combats at 
Macon and Clinton (July 30th), Hills- 
borough (July 30th, 31st), Mulberry 
Creek and Jug Tavern (Aug. 9th). 
30. Major-General Henry W. Slocum, U. S. 

Army, assigned to the command of the 
Twentieth Army Corps. 
Aug. 7. Brigadier-General Richard W. Johnson in 

temporary command of the Fourteenth 
Army Corps, succeeding Major-General 
John M. Palmer. 
9. Brevet Major-General Jefferson C. Davis, 

U. S. Army, assigned to the command 
of the Fourteenth Army Corps. 
10-Sept. 9. Wheeler's raid to North Georgia and East 
. Tennessee, with combats at Dalton 
(Aug. 14th, 15th), and other points. 
15. Skirmishes at Sandto^vn and Fairbum. 

18-22. Kilpatrick's raid from Sandtown to Love^- 

joy's Station, with combats at Camp 
Creek (18th), Red Oak (19th), Flint 
River (19th), Jonesborough (19th), and 
Lovejoy's Station (20th). 
15 



226 The Thirty-first Indiana Begiment. 

Aug. 22, 1864. Brevet Major-General Jefferson C. Davis 
assumes command of the Fourteenth 
Army Corps. 
26-Sept. 1. Operations at the Chattahoochee Railroad 
bridge, and at Pace's and Turner's Fer- 
ries, with skirmishes. 
27. Major-General Henry W. Slocum, U. S. 

Army, assumes command of the Twen- 
tieth Army Corps. 

29. Skirmishes near Red Oak. 

30. Skii-mishes near East Point. 
Action at Flint River Bridge. 

31. Skirmish near Rough and Ready Station. 
31-Sept. 1. Battle of Johesborough. 

Sept. 2. Union occupation of Atlanta. 

2-5. Actions at Lovejoy's Station. 

6. The campaign was officially announced 

closed, and orders were given for the 
army to move to Atlanta. 
8. The Fourth Army Corps reached Atlanta, 

and went into camp. 



iVi • -M 



